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Micropropagation of Phalaenopsis Orchids via Protocorms and Protocorm-Like Bodies
Time of Update: 2020-11-13
Although seed-raised plants can be used for conservation and breeding for the selection of superior features, genetic characteristics including seasonality, inflorescence, flower color, and type are not uniform.
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Whole-Genome Analysis to Identify Type III-Secreted Effectors
Time of Update: 2020-11-13
Many Gram-negative plant and animal pathogens share a common virulence strategy that relies on the specialized type III secretion system.
This chapter describes two methods to identify type III-secreted effectors in plant pathogens independently of their phenotype.
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A Highly Efficient Protocol for Micropropagation of Begonia tuberous
Time of Update: 2020-11-13
By optimizing the size of the tissue and applying an improved selection procedure, shoots were elongated in 8 weeks of culture, with an average number of 210 � 9.7 shoots per segment.
This system has facilitated a number of studies using TCL as a model for micropropagation and will enable the large-scale production of begonia.
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Analyzing Plant Signaling Phospholipids Through 32Pi-Labeling and TLC
Time of Update: 2020-11-13
Lipidomic analyses through LC-, GC-, and ESI-MS/MS can detect numerous lipid species based on headgroup and fatty acid compositions but usually miss the minor phospholipids involved in cell signaling because of their low chemical abundancy.
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Production of Cybrids in Rapeseed (Brassica napus)
Time of Update: 2020-11-13
Protoplast fusion produces cells that contain a mixture of theDNA -containing organelles (nuclei, chloroplasts, and mitochondria) from both fusion parents.
This chapter describes the production of rapeseed ( Brassica napus ) fusion-product cells where one of the nuclei is eliminated.
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Elicitation of Jasmonate-Mediated Defense Responses by Mechanical Wounding and Insect Herbivory
Time of Update: 2020-11-13
Here, we describe a simple mechanical wounding procedure to effectively trigger JA responses in theArabidopsis thaliana rosette.
For comparison, we also present a plant–insect bioassay to elicit defense responses with the chewing insectTrichoplusia ni .
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The Use of Zygotic Embryos as Explants for In Vitro Propagation: An Overview
Time of Update: 2020-11-13
This chapter focuses on how competence and commitment to regenerate embryos and organs in cultures are acquired by somatic cells and why zygotic embryos are so often utilized for propagation practices.
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Steady-State and Instationary Modeling of Proteinogenic and Free Amino Acid Isotopomers for Flux Quantification
Time of Update: 2020-11-13
Our methodology should be applicable to most isotope-assisted MFA applications and should serve as a general framework applicable to many realistic metabolic networks with little modification.
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Perilla.
Time of Update: 2020-11-13
Purple su, white suzu is due to cultivation and origin, there is no wild.
Wild purple siothes and small nuts are smaller, and leaves are smaller.
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Agrobacterium tumefaciens Chemotaxis Protocols
Time of Update: 2020-11-13
Responses to nanomolar amounts of phenolic wound exudates are chiefly determined by the Ti-plasmid encoded virulence genesvir A andvir G ( 5 , 6 ).
Thus, the attraction to sugars can partly explain the organism’s prevalence in the rhizosphere ( 7 ) and the highly sensitive response to phenolics, may help to guideA.
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Methods for In Vitro Propagation of Pelargonium x Hortorum and Others: From Meristems to Protoplasts
Time of Update: 2020-11-13
On one hand, as vegetatively propagated plants,Pelargonium are submitted to pathogen pressure.
In this chapter, the two first protocols (from seeds and meristems) explain how in vitro plants free of virus could be obtained.
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Immunolocalization Protocols for Visualizing Meiotic Proteins in Arabidopsis thaliana: Method 3
Time of Update: 2020-11-13
Immunolocalization studies to visualize the distribution of proteins on meiotic chromosomes have become an integral part of studies on meiosis in the model organismArabidopsis thaliana .
These techniques have been used to visualize a wide range of meiotic proteins involved in different aspects of meiosis, including sister chromatid cohesion, recombination, synapsis, and chromosome segregation.
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Pyrethrum cinerariifolium
Time of Update: 2020-11-13
Head sequence contains pyrethroid acetylene, B (Pyrethrin I.
II.) and chrysanthemum acetylene, B (cinerin I., II.), pyrethroid beetle has the strongest insecticidal capacity, 10 times pyrethroid b.
In addition to chrysanthemum instability, easy to hydrolysis, insecticidal powder should not survive.
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Purple Spike (shrubby falseindigo)
Time of Update: 2020-11-13
Each breeding method directly nursery transplant and seeding, generally to spring sowing as a good, such as sufficient soil moisture, spring sowing and summer sowing can be.
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Preparing Thin Sections of Meiotic Nuclei for Transmission Electron Microscopy
Time of Update: 2020-11-13
Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of thin sections of meiocytes embedded in plastic resin allows analysis of structures in meiotic nuclei, such as the synaptonemal complex, at very high resoluti
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Vegetative Propagation of Cacti and Other Succulents In Vitro
Time of Update: 2020-11-13
Rooting and establishment of cuttings can also be difficult.
At Kew, methods for themicropropagation of cacti and other succulents have been developed over the last 10 yr.
These have proved to be very useful for overcoming the problems mentioned above.
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A hundred riding big chestnut trees
Time of Update: 2020-11-13
, the queen of the ancient Arab kings, once led a hundred riders to Mount Etna to play, suddenly it rained heavily, hundreds of riders rushed to the big chestnut tree to shelter from the rain.
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Pack Peony Dicentra Spectabilis
Time of Update: 2020-11-13
Total flower sequence top, sagging, petals 4 pieces, the outer two petals of a larger joint into a heart-shaped sac, pink, first end to the two sides of the back volume inside two slender, the first end protruding white.
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Calamites
Time of Update: 2020-11-13
The leaves of reed wood are single leaves with a middle vein, generally needle-shaped or wire-shaped, wheeled in the branches of stems and side branches; the spores of reeds, like modern wood thieves, are shield-like, called spore sacs, each with 4 spore sacs, many of which are integrated with spore leaf balls.
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Highly Efficient Transformation Protocol for Plum (Prunus domestica L.)
Time of Update: 2020-11-13
The hypocotyl slices are infected in anAgrobacterium tumefaciens suspension and then cocultivated for 3 days in shoot regeneration � MS basal medium supplemented with 9 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid.
Transformed shoots are rooted in � MS basal medium supplemented with 5 μM NAA and 40 mg/L kanamycin.
