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A High-Throughput Screening Immunochemical Protocol for Biological Exposure Assessment of Chlorophenols in Urine Samples
Time of Update: 2021-02-18
This chapter presents a high-throughput screening (HTS) immunochemical procedure suitable for processing and analyzing simultaneously multiple urine samples.
The HTS-IS-ELISA procedure has been proved to be efficient, consistent, and reliable.
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Defining the Structure and Function of Acyl-Homoserine Lactone Autoinducers
Time of Update: 2021-02-18
Acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs) are important signaling molecules in the quorum sensing gene-regulatory processes found in numerous gram-negative species of bacteria that interact with eukaryotic organisms.
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Rapid Methods for Detection of MRSA in Clinical Specimens
Time of Update: 2021-02-18
These new methodologies have the advantage of a lower turnaround time than that of traditional culture and susceptibility testing and they are capable of detecting MRSA directly from nasal or wound swabs allowing rapid identification of colonized or infected patients.
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Problems with Genetically Modified Foods
Time of Update: 2021-02-18
The appearance in the market of the first food products, or organisms, which have been improved by recombinantDNA technologies (rDNA), has been received by society in a negative manner.
People understand “transgenic” as food products or their ingredients, resulting from this kind of modification.
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Multiplex Real-Time PCR Assay for the Detection of Meticillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus and PantonValentine Leukocidin from Clinical Samples
Time of Update: 2021-02-18
Patient screening to detect MRSA is now widely used as part of an effective control program to limit the spread of this pathogen.
Herein we describe a multiplex real-time assay that combines primers and probes to detect MRSA and the genes for PVL to provide a rapid and informative assay.
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Bacteriocin Typing
Time of Update: 2021-02-18
Bacteriocins are proteins produced by bacteria which are lethal for other members of the same species and, occasionally, for other species.
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Growth of Herpes Simplex Virus and Purification of Viral DNA
Time of Update: 2021-02-18
Similarly, the introduction of foreign genes into the virus will require the purification of viralDNA for use as a cloning vector, and preparation and analysis of viral DNA will also be necessary in order to characterize the recombinant viruses produced during the cloning procedures.
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Flavonoids From Argentine Tagetes (Asteraceae) With Antimicrobial Activity
Time of Update: 2021-02-18
Over 4000 structures have been identified in plant sources, and they are categorized into several groups (Fig. 1 ).
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Detection of Bacterial Signaling Molecules in Liquid or Gaseous Environments
Time of Update: 2021-02-18
More importantly though, a comparison will be made between existing bacterial quorum sensing signaling systems, such as theVibrio harveyi two-component system and that of man-made detection systems, such as acoustic-wave sensor systems and digital communication receivers similar to those used in simple cell phone technology.
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An Expression Vector for Multiple Ribozymes
Time of Update: 2021-02-18
Ribozymes are recognized as useful tools for the manipulation of genes because of their high specificity and the fact that they act without influencing the expression of genes that are unrelated targets ( 1 , 2 ).
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Study of Adenovirus and CAR Axonal Transport in Primary Neurons
Time of Update: 2021-02-18
Vectors derived from the canine adenovirus serotype 2 (CAV-2) possess a high neurotropism and efficient retrograde transport that lead to widespread neuronal transduction in the central nervous system (CNS) of various animals.
Using this approach, we could recapitulate the mechanisms responsible for long-range transport of adenovirus in neurons.
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BAC Finishing Strategies
Time of Update: 2021-02-18
A physical map of the human genome has been assembled on the basis of “fingerprints” generated by restriction digestion of individual bacterial clones and mapping of individual clones to chromosomes using landmarks from existing genetic maps.
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Psychrotrophic Microorganisms: Agar Plate Methods, Homogenization, and Dilutions
Time of Update: 2021-02-18
After samples are removed for analysis, the bag and its remaining contents can be discarded and the equipment is ready for use.
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Intrabodies: Targeting scFv Expression to Eukaryotic Intracellular Compartments
Time of Update: 2021-02-18
The result is a small molecule of approx 28 kDa. Examples of Fab intrabodies have also been reported, but only where an internal ribosomal entry site has been used to allow stoichiometric amounts of heavy- and light-chain fragments to be expressed simultaneously ( 1,2 ).
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Gene Replacement Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium bovis BCG
Time of Update: 2021-02-18
The complete genome sequences of two isolates ofMycobacterium tuberculosis , the widely distributed laboratory strainM.
tuberculosis H37Rv ( 1 ) and a clinical isolate CDC 1551 ( ), have recently been determined, thus providing a complete blueprint of the genetic make-up of this pathogen.
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Simple In Vitro Cultivation of the Malaria Parasite Plasmodium falciparum (Erythrocytic Stages): Suitable for Large-Scale Preparations
Time of Update: 2021-02-18
The protozoan malaria parasites ( Plasmodium spp.) are transmitted by infected female mosquitoes when feeding on blood.
With the eventual release of infective sporozoites into the mosquito salivary glands, the life cycle of the parasite is completed.
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Construction and Utilization of Carotenoid Reporter Systems: Identification of Chromosomal Integration Sites That Support Suitable Expression of Biosynthetic Genes and Pathways
Time of Update: 2021-02-18
The method described here involves the construction and utilization of promoterless carotenoid transposons, which provides a colorimetric screen for identifying the best chromosomal integration sites for the expression of the genes of interest.
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Coupled-Column Liquid Chromatography for the Determination of Pesticide Residues
Time of Update: 2021-02-18
This chapter demonstrates the versatility and feasibility of coupled-column reversedphase liquid chromatography (LC/LC) for the rapid, selective, and sensitive determination of pesticides in environm
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Innate Immune Responses to Helicobacter pylori Infection: An Overview
Time of Update: 2021-02-18
Innate immune receptors detectHelicobacter pylori infection and trigger downstream signaling events that result in the production of cytokines and interferon-β.
pylori infection and details the downstream signaling events.
The tools that have been developed to study the innate immune response toH.
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Use of the Morganella morganii phoC Gene as Reporter in Bacterial and Yeast Hosts
Time of Update: 2021-02-18
In this chapter are described the applications of theMorganella morganii phoC gene, encoding a molecular class A nonspecific phosphatase, as a reporter both in prokaryotic ( Escherichia coli ) and in eukaryotic ( Saccharomyces cerevisiae ) systems.
