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Global Identification of Small RNA Targets in Plants by Sequencing Sliced Ends of Messenger RNAs
Time of Update: 2020-11-21
This chapter describes a detailed step-by-step protocol for cloning such sliced 3′ products in order to identify small RNA targets.
Using this protocol, we have identified more than 150 small RNA targets in rice; some are conserved and others are non-conserved targets for rice small RNAs.
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Betanin Production and Release In Vitro from Suspension Cultures of Beta vulgaris
Time of Update: 2020-11-21
Although annual crops are common for the production of such compounds, it is also often the case that the time required for field growth of a plant may be several years, 7-16 yr in the case of Cinchona, 5-7 yr in the case of the shikonin-yielding root of Lithospermum erythrorhizon (3).
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Development and Use of OatMaize Chromosome Additions and Radiation Hybrids
Time of Update: 2020-11-21
However, a minority of the offspring retain one or more maize chromosome(s) in addition to their haploid oat complements (partial hybrids).
Controlled self-fertilization of partial hybrids allows for the production of doubled haploid oat plants with an added single maize chromosome (monosomic addition) or an added pair of homologous maize chromosomes (disomic addition) among the inbred offspring.
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Cloning Genes from T-DNA Tagged Mutants
Time of Update: 2020-11-21
Insertion mutagenesis has a major advantage over other types of mutagenesis in that it not only causes a disruption of the gene, but the insertion element serves as a vehicle for recovery of the flankingDNA .
A few of the advantages of T-DNAs are that they are:
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Physical and Chemical Mutagenesis
Time of Update: 2020-11-21
Important methods to artificially induce mutations are the use of chemical and physical agents.
This chapter is restricted to the commonly applied techniques of mutation induction in seeds by ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) treatment and by γ and fast neutron irradiation.
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Methylation-Sensitive Amplified Polymorphism (MSAP) Marker to Investigate Drought-Stress Response in Montepulciano and Sangiovese Grape Cultivars
Time of Update: 2020-11-21
Methylation-sensitive amplified polymorphism (MSAP) is a technique developed for assessing the extent and pattern of cytosine methylation and has been applied to genomes of several species (Arabidops
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Rapid Cloning of Genes and Promoters for Functional Analyses
Time of Update: 2020-11-21
Unlike traditional cloning approaches that involve subcloning or a special recipient vector and special flanking sequences, this protocol describes a rapid and cost-effective method for the direct insertion into the vector of choice.
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Probing ProteinProtein Interactions with FRETFLIM
Time of Update: 2020-11-21
The quantification of molecular interactions or conformational changes can conveniently be studied by using F�rster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) as a spectroscopic ruler. The FRET phenomenon desc
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Growth of Other Species Related to Arabidopsis thaliana
Time of Update: 2020-11-21
This chapter attempts to provide sources for acccessions and standard protocols for plant growth and seed harvest of wild crucifers while providing special tips for species with which we have experience.
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Efficient Production of Active Form Recombinant Cassava Hydroxynitrile Lyase Using Escherichia coli in Low-Temperature Culture
Time of Update: 2020-11-21
In order to increase the productivity of active form of MeHNL, the effects of cultivation temperature were investigated.
Low-temperature cultivation is very effective in improving the productivity of the active form of MeHNL and has more potential for large-scale production of MeHNL for optically active cyanohydrin production.
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Quantitative Trait Locus Analysis as a Gene Discovery Tool
Time of Update: 2020-11-21
Quantitative trait locus analysis has been a mainstay approach for obtaining a genetic description of complex agronomic traits for plants.
What is sometimes overlooked is the role quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis can play in identifying genes that underlay complex traits.
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Kinematic Analysis of Cell Division and Expansion
Time of Update: 2020-11-21
Kinematic analyses provide a powerful and rigorous framework to perform such studies and have been adapted to the specific characteristics of various plant organs.
These methods can be readily used and adapted to suit other species in most laboratories.
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Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)
Time of Update: 2020-11-21
Arachis hypogea (peanut, groundnut), an annual oil seed belonging to the Leguminosae family and the Papillionacea subfamily, is a legume native to South America but now grown in diverse environments in six continents between latitudes 40�N and 40�S.
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A Historical Overview of RNAi in Plants
Time of Update: 2020-11-21
Small RNA-directed gene regulation systems were independently discovered (and named) in plants, fungi, worms, flies, and mammalian cells.
Collectively, PTGS, RNA silencing, and co-suppression (in plants); quelling (in fungi and algae); and RNAi (inCaenorhabditis elegans ,Drosophila , and mammalian cells) are all examples of small RNA-based gene regulation systems.
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Probing Spatio-temporal Intracellular Calcium Variations in Plants
Time of Update: 2020-11-21
To identify and elucidate the properties of such signatures, highly sensitive and specific methods have been developed and are used to measure and monitor variations in intracellular Ca 2+ concentrations.
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Screening for Gene Function Using the FOX (Full-Length cDNA OvereXpressor Gene) Hunting System
Time of Update: 2020-11-21
These transgenic plants, orArabidopsis FOX lines, possess ectopically expressed fl-cDNAs in their genome.
Since each FOX line expresses an excess amount of the protein from the transgene it can be resistant or hypersensitive to bioactive chemicals when the protein is the target for the chemical.
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Indirect Immunofluorescence Microscopy for the Detection and Identification of Plant Pathogenic Bacteria (In Particular for Ralstonia solanacearum)
Time of Update: 2020-11-21
Immunofluorescence microscopy is a very sensitive serological test which harnesses both the power of antibodies to bind to targets along with the use of the flourescence microscope to visualise the structures to which they bind.
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No earthy potted plants
Time of Update: 2020-11-21
In this way, during plant growth, the root system will be from the bottom of the inner box hole into the outer basin, through the wet area, into the nutrient solution, this potted plant way, so that water, nutrients and oxygen can meet the needs of the root system.
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Davidia involucrata (Davidia involucrata)
Time of Update: 2020-11-21
is one of the first species of the Geminal Leaf Plant Gang. Up to 20, meters, deciduous trees, leaf paper, mutual, no leaves, dense on the top of the branches, broad egg shape or near the circle,
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Rice Proteomic Analysis: Sample Preparation for Protein Identification
Time of Update: 2020-11-21
In this chapter, we describe in detail the different protocols used for isolation of rice proteins, their separation, detection, and identification using gel-based proteomics and mass spectrometry approaches.
