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Maintaining Collections of Mutants for Plant Functional Genomics

 Time of Update: 2021-01-14

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Information on most plant genomic resources can be obtained through simple yet powerful Web searches, and ordering mechanisms are linked to the information. Currently, available genomic resources are described, and references, links for Web data, and ordering information are also included.
Chimeric, Infectious, and Stable Virus Transcripts to Study RNA Silencing in Dark Green Islands

 Time of Update: 2021-01-14

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Dark green islands (DGIs) form in some plant virus infections as areas that are resistant to infection. This resistance has been demonstrated to act through a sequence-specific, RNA degradation mecha
Pollen Tube Development

 Time of Update: 2021-01-14

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Pollen tubes grow rapidly in a strictly polarized manner as they transport male reproductive cells through female flower tissues to bring about fertilization. Vegetative pollen tube cells are an excellent model system to investigate processes underlying directional cell expansion.
Red Clover (Trifolium pratense)

 Time of Update: 2021-01-14

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To apply this powerful tool to red clover, an important forage legume, a population of red clover with a high potential for regeneration in tissue culture has been developed. Here we provide a detailed procedure forAgrobacterium -mediated transformation of genotypes derived from this regenerable population.
Detection and Quantification of Plant Viruses by PCR

 Time of Update: 2021-01-14

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Its extreme sensitivity and high specificity make it an unparalleled technique for the detection and characterization of rare messages, including viral infections that are difficult to detect and diagnose by serology or electron microscopy.
Deducing Intracellular Distributions of Metabolic Pathways from Genomic Data

 Time of Update: 2021-01-14

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Additionally, we describe strategies suitable for those groups of algae with secondary plastids (for instance diatoms), which are characterized by a different cellular topology and a larger number of intracellular compartments compared to plants.
Selected Simple Methods of Plant Cell Wall Histochemistry and Staining for Light Microscopy

 Time of Update: 2021-01-14

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Histochemical methods allow for identification and localization of various components within the tissue. Such information on the spatial heterogeneity is not available with biochemical methods. Hereby we present set of selected simple staining and histochemical methods with comments based on our laboratory experience.
Statistical Issues in Microarray Data Analysis

 Time of Update: 2021-01-14

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Any microarray experiment consists of several components: (1) carrying out an appropriately designed (replicated) plant experiment; (2) array processing, which includes several steps of data acquisition and normalization; and (3) analysis of expression data to identify differentially expressed genes and overall patterns of expression.
Reporter Genes and Transient Assays for Plants

 Time of Update: 2021-01-14

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A series of DNA plasmids containing reporter genes encoding readily assayed enzymes are available for this purpose. In general, these reporter genes encode enzymes whose activities can be detected through assays and stains, thus facilitating the identification of transformed cells and quantification of the transformation process.
Analysis of Viroid Replication

 Time of Update: 2021-01-13

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Replication of these minimal genomes, composed exclusively by a circular RNA of 246–401 nt, occurs in the nucleus (family Pospiviroidae) or in the chloroplast (family Avsunviroidae) by an RNA-based rolling-circle mechanism with three steps: ( 1 ) synthesis of longer-than-unit strands catalyzed by hostDNA -dependent RNA polymerases recruited and redirected to transcribe RNA templates, ( 2 ) cleavage to unit-length, which in family Avsunviroidae is mediated by hammerhead ribozymes, and ( 3 ) circularization through an RNA ligase or autocatalytically.
Plant Proteomics Methods to Reach Low-Abundance Proteins

 Time of Update: 2021-01-13

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The question of low-abundance proteins from biological tissues is still a major issue. Technologies have been devised to improve the situation and in the last few years a method based on solid-phase combinatorial peptide ligand libraries has been extensively applied to animal extracts.
Brassica oleracea

 Time of Update: 2021-01-13

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Transformation efficiencies in the region of 10 to 25% (based on 50-125PCR -positive independent shoots from 500 infected explants) are typically achieved. For researchers wishing to use their own plant genotype, we highlight the tissue culture phenotypes that are conducive to efficient transformation.
Whole-Genome Microarrays: Applications and Technical Issues

 Time of Update: 2021-01-13

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This chapter attempts to summarize such applications as well as discusses some technical and strategic issues that are particular to the use of tiling microarrays.
Constructing Gene-Enriched Plant Genomic Libraries Using Methylation Filtration Technology

 Time of Update: 2021-01-13

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For this reason, gene targeted partial genomic sequencing becomes a realistic option. The method reported here is a simple approach to generate gene-enriched plant genomic libraries called methylation filtration.
Genome-Scale Models of Plant Metabolism

 Time of Update: 2021-01-13

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A complete, accurate GSM, in conjunction with a simulation technique such as flux balance analysis (FBA), can be used to comprehensively predict cellular metabolic flux distributions for a given genotype and given environmental conditions.
Yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)

 Time of Update: 2021-01-13

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This species has enabled a detailed study of the (genetic) requirements forAgrobacterium -mediatedDNA transformation. cerevisiae methodology has been developed for the transformation of many other yeast and fungal species.
Geminivirus Isolation and DNA Extraction

 Time of Update: 2021-01-13

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Curtoviruses, such as beet curly top and tomato pseudo curly top viruses (BCTV and TPCTV), occupy an intermediate position between Mastreviruses and Begomoviruses, in that these viruses have monopartite genomes and are transmitted by leafhopper species, but only infect dicotyledonous hosts.
Heterologous Expression in Budding Yeast as a Tool for Studying the Plant Cell Morphogenesis Machinery

 Time of Update: 2021-01-13

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The budding yeast ( Saccharomyces cerevisiae ) can serve as a unique experimental system for functional studies of heterologous genes, allowing not only complementation of readily available yeast mu
Quantitative Imaging Approaches for Small-Molecule Measurements Using FRET Sensors in Plants

 Time of Update: 2021-01-13

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Genetically encoded F�ster resonance energy transfer sensors afford a powerful method of measuring these dynamics in situ and hence are now widely used in order to decode information communicated through the dynamics of cellular metabolites and ions.
Suspension-Cultured Plant Cells as a Tool to Analyze the Extracellular Proteome

 Time of Update: 2021-01-13

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Despite the central role played by extracellular proteins in most processes that control growth and development, the secretome has been less well characterized than other subcellular compartments, meaning that our understanding of the cell wall physiology is still very limited.

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Plant Extracts News

Maintaining Collections of Mutants for Plant Functional Genomics

Chimeric, Infectious, and Stable Virus Transcripts to Study RNA Silencing in Dark Green Islands

Pollen Tube Development

Red Clover (Trifolium pratense)

Detection and Quantification of Plant Viruses by PCR

Deducing Intracellular Distributions of Metabolic Pathways from Genomic Data

Selected Simple Methods of Plant Cell Wall Histochemistry and Staining for Light Microscopy

Statistical Issues in Microarray Data Analysis

Reporter Genes and Transient Assays for Plants

Analysis of Viroid Replication

Plant Proteomics Methods to Reach Low-Abundance Proteins

Brassica oleracea

Whole-Genome Microarrays: Applications and Technical Issues

Constructing Gene-Enriched Plant Genomic Libraries Using Methylation Filtration Technology

Genome-Scale Models of Plant Metabolism

Yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)

Geminivirus Isolation and DNA Extraction

Heterologous Expression in Budding Yeast as a Tool for Studying the Plant Cell Morphogenesis Machinery

Quantitative Imaging Approaches for Small-Molecule Measurements Using FRET Sensors in Plants

Suspension-Cultured Plant Cells as a Tool to Analyze the Extracellular Proteome