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Global Quantitative Proteomics Using Spectral Counting: An Inexpensive Experimental and Bioinformatics Workflow for Deep Proteome Coverage
Time of Update: 2020-11-10
There have been many recent reviews on quantitative proteomic approaches, discussing the strengths and limitations of each.
Unfortunately, there are few detailed methodological descriptions of any one of these quantitative approaches.
Here we present a detailed bioinformatics workflow for one of the simplest, most pervasive quantitative approach—spectral counting.
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Determining the Location of an Arabidopsis Chloroplast Protein Using In Vitro Import Followed by Fractionation and Alkaline Extraction
Time of Update: 2020-11-10
Determining the sub-organellar location of a protein in the chloroplast is vital for understanding or verifying the function of the protein.
Here, we present protocols for determining the sub-organellar location of a chloroplast protein.
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White flowers and grey leaves
Time of Update: 2020-11-10
plant is 1-3m tall, with prismatic branches, dense brown or grey fluff.
For green manure, lean plant line distance of 50×60cm, fertilizer 60×100cm, land retention 100×100 or 130×130cm, planting capacity of 4-7 kg per hectare.
Annual production of green manure 15-30t per hectare.
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Flower Development: Open Questions and Future Directions
Time of Update: 2020-11-10
Almost three decades of genetic and molecular analyses have resulted in detailed insights into many of the processes that take place during flower development and in the identification of a large number of key regulatory genes that control these processes.
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Hazel.
Time of Update: 2020-11-10
Widely distributed in the Northeast, North China, Northwest low hilly areas.
Mainly distributed in the northeast of the mountain needle wide mixed forest edge.
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Tissue Culture Methods for the Clonal Propagation and Genetic Improvement of Spanish Red Cedar (Cedrela odorata)
Time of Update: 2020-11-10
If the objective is to generate high yielding material for plantation purposes, the choice will be the same method but starting from mature vegetative tissues from selected elite plants.
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Characterizing Jasmonate Regulation of Male Fertility in Arabidopsis
Time of Update: 2020-11-10
Characterization of JA-biosynthesis and JA-response mutants ofArabidopsis , which usually have a complete male sterility phenotype, has contributed to the understanding of how JAs work in these reproductive processes.
These mutants have also been fundamental to the identification of JA-dependent genes acting in male reproductive tissues that accomplish fertilization.
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Using Non-homologous End-Joining-Deficient Strains for Functional Gene Analyses in Filamentous Fungi
Time of Update: 2020-11-10
In addition, NHEJ-deficiency can facilitate the formation of heterokaryons which allows rapid identification of essential genes.
We provide methods for the establishment of transiently deficient NHEJ strains, for improved complementation analyses using AMA1-based vectors and for fast identification and propagation of heterokaryons.
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Transient Transformation of Plants
Time of Update: 2020-11-10
Transient expression in plants is a valuable tool for many aspects of functional genomics and promoter testing.
Recombinant DNA can be introduced into plant cells via physical methods, viaAgrobacterium or via viral vectors.
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Yeast ProteinProtein Interaction Assays and Screens
Time of Update: 2020-11-10
Most transcription factors fulfill their role in protein complexes.
The yeast two-hybrid GAL4 (Y2H) assay is a powerful method to unravel and identify the composition of protein complexes.
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Computer Vision as a Tool to Study Plant Development
Time of Update: 2020-11-10
Morphological phenotypes due to mutations frequently provide key information about the biological function of the affected genes.
New ways of measuring and thinking about phenotypes, and therefore the functions of genes, are expected to result from expanding the role of computer vision in plant biology.
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Flower Diversity and Angiosperm Diversification
Time of Update: 2020-11-10
Furthermore, the propensity for gene and genome duplications in angiosperms provides abundant raw material for novel floral features—emphasizing the importance of understanding the conservation and diversification of gene lineages and functions in studies of macroevolution.
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The Tomato Leaf as a Model System for Organogenesis
Time of Update: 2020-11-10
Compound tomato leaves are composed of multiple leaflets that are generated gradually during leaf development, and each resembles a simple leaf.
The elaboration of a compound leaf form requires the maintenance of transient organogenic activity at the leaf margin.
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Direct Somatic Embryogenesis in Coffea canephora
Time of Update: 2020-11-10
Several systems have been developed since then, including SE from callus cultures derived from leaf explants; a two-phase experimental protocol for SE from leaves ofCoffea arabica ; and from leaf explants of Arabusta orC.
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Selected Reaction Monitoring Mass Spectrometry: A Methodology Overview
Time of Update: 2020-11-10
One such targeted proteomics approach is the combination of liquid chromatography and selected or multiple reaction monitoring mass spectrometry (SRM, MRM).
Using scheduled SRM-MS, many analytes can robustly be monitored allowing for high-throughput sample analysis of the same set of proteins over many conditions.
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The Use of Open Source Bioinformatics Tools to Dissect Transcriptomic Data
Time of Update: 2020-11-10
Subsequently, depending on the experimental design, diverse statistical analysis can be performed, including the identification of differentially expressed genes and the construction of gene coexpression networks.
Using two publicly available microarray datasets fromAspergillus niger , we give detailed protocols on how to identify differentially expressed genes and how to construct gene coexpression networks.
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Jasmonic AcidAmino Acid Conjugation Enzyme Assays
Time of Update: 2020-11-10
Jasmonic acid (JA) is activated for signaling by its conjugation to isoleucine (Ile) through an amide linkage. TheArabidopsis thaliana JASMONIC ACID RESISTANT1 (JAR1) enzyme carries out this Mg-ATP-
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Aequorin as a Reporter Gene
Time of Update: 2020-11-10
Reporter proteins allow one to monitor cellular parameters that are involved in signal transduction, development, metabolic processes, and transport.
The outstanding advantages of self-reporting organisms make it worth to shoulder cost- and time-consuming molecular work.
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The deep mountains are full of laughter
Time of Update: 2020-11-10
Both sexes, single in the branches of the leaves, white, has fragrance, flowers are 9 , long inverted egg shape.
The fruit October November November.
The fruit of tree about 30 years of age should be selected.
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High-Voltage Paper Electrophoresis (HVPE) of Cell-Wall Building Blocks and Their Metabolic Precursors
Time of Update: 2020-11-10
All information from HVPE about charge and mass can be obtained on minute traces of analytes, especially those that have been radiolabelled, e.g. by in-vivo feeding of a3 H- or14 C-labelled precursor.
