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The intestinal microbiome is a variety of microorganisms living in the human intestine, including bacteria, archaea, viruses and fungi, which play a key role in host health and disease.
At present, most studies of the human gut microbiome are derived from feces, and these studies have also produced a lot of important knowledge about the composition and function of the gut microbial community.
However, the dependence on the source material of the microbiome limits the investigation of microbial dynamics in other parts of the intestine.
The fecal microbiome to a large extent represents the final transitional stage of the gut microbial community.
Many biogeographic analyses have shown that the fecal microbiome is different from the microbiome of different parts of the intestine where important biological processes occur.
In addition, due to the limitations of human physiological factors, it is impossible to investigate the dynamic changes of human intestinal flora on a finer time scale.
For example, the intestinal tract, which has been observed in mouse models and proved to be closely related to the physiological balance of the host The circadian rhythm of the flora.
Recently, the team of researcher Wang Jun from the Institute of Microbiology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the team of Professor Zhang Fabian from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University jointly published a research paper entitled "Reconstruction and dynamics of the human intestinal microbiome observed In Situ" in the Engineering journal.
The study used colonic route through endoscopic intestinal tube implantation (a technique originally developed for fecal flora transplantation) to collect in situ samples of human intestinal ileocecal flora.
Combined with stool samples in the same time period, the use of multi-omics sequencing analysis technology revealed the dynamic changes of the intestinal flora after being disturbed by laxatives.
Over time, the human gut microbes show a higher similarity to the state before the disturbance, which shows the inherent resilience of the gut microbiome.
In addition, the circadian ileocecal microbiome shows regular changes, that is, a series of bacterial species and metabolic pathways have circadian periodic oscillations, including many bacteria and metabolic pathways related to the production of short-chain fatty acids, such as Propionibacterium acnes and coenzyme A.
Biosynthesis II.
This research pioneered the collection of human intestinal flora samples, which has a higher time resolution than previous studies, and revealed the dynamic reconstruction of intestinal microbes after the interference of laxatives.
For the first time, it provides direct evidence of the diurnal oscillation pattern of the human ileal microbiome at the level of composition and function.
Understand the dynamic changes of the fecal and ileal microbiome at the multi-omics level, and how the gut microbes potentially affect the host’s physiological processes, including the circadian rhythm.
Figure 1.
Fecal and ileal microbiota composition and functional dynamic reconstruction after osmotic laxative interference.
Figure 2.
Metabolic pathways and bacterial circadian changes of the in situ microbiome in the ileocecal area of the intestines.
Jun Wang, Researcher, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing Medical Department Professor Zhang Fabian from the Second Affiliated Hospital of the University is the co-corresponding author of this article.
Liu Xiaolin, a master student at the Chinese Institute of Microbiology, and Dai Min, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, are the co-first authors of the paper.
The research was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program, the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and the National Natural Science Foundation of China.
Original link:2020 hot articles selection 1.
Cup! A full paper cup of hot coffee, full of plastic particles.
.
.
2.
Scientists from the United States, Britain and Australia “Natural Medicine” further prove that the new coronavirus is a natural evolution product, or has two origins.
.
.
3.
NEJM: Intermittent fasting is right The impact of health, aging and disease 4.
Heal insomnia within one year! The study found that: to improve sleep, you may only need a heavy blanket.
5.
New Harvard study: Only 12 minutes of vigorous exercise can bring huge metabolic benefits to health.
6.
The first human intervention experiment: in nature.
"Feeling and rolling" for 28 days is enough to improve immunity.
7.
Junk food is "real rubbish"! It takes away telomere length and makes people grow old faster! 8.
Cell puzzle: you can really die if you don't sleep! But the lethal changes do not occur in the brain, but in the intestines.
.
.
9.
The super large-scale study of "Nature Communications": The level of iron in the blood is the key to health and aging! 10.
Unbelievable! Scientists reversed the "permanent" brain damage in animals overnight, and restored the old brain to a young state.
.
.
At present, most studies of the human gut microbiome are derived from feces, and these studies have also produced a lot of important knowledge about the composition and function of the gut microbial community.
However, the dependence on the source material of the microbiome limits the investigation of microbial dynamics in other parts of the intestine.
The fecal microbiome to a large extent represents the final transitional stage of the gut microbial community.
Many biogeographic analyses have shown that the fecal microbiome is different from the microbiome of different parts of the intestine where important biological processes occur.
In addition, due to the limitations of human physiological factors, it is impossible to investigate the dynamic changes of human intestinal flora on a finer time scale.
For example, the intestinal tract, which has been observed in mouse models and proved to be closely related to the physiological balance of the host The circadian rhythm of the flora.
Recently, the team of researcher Wang Jun from the Institute of Microbiology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the team of Professor Zhang Fabian from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University jointly published a research paper entitled "Reconstruction and dynamics of the human intestinal microbiome observed In Situ" in the Engineering journal.
The study used colonic route through endoscopic intestinal tube implantation (a technique originally developed for fecal flora transplantation) to collect in situ samples of human intestinal ileocecal flora.
Combined with stool samples in the same time period, the use of multi-omics sequencing analysis technology revealed the dynamic changes of the intestinal flora after being disturbed by laxatives.
Over time, the human gut microbes show a higher similarity to the state before the disturbance, which shows the inherent resilience of the gut microbiome.
In addition, the circadian ileocecal microbiome shows regular changes, that is, a series of bacterial species and metabolic pathways have circadian periodic oscillations, including many bacteria and metabolic pathways related to the production of short-chain fatty acids, such as Propionibacterium acnes and coenzyme A.
Biosynthesis II.
This research pioneered the collection of human intestinal flora samples, which has a higher time resolution than previous studies, and revealed the dynamic reconstruction of intestinal microbes after the interference of laxatives.
For the first time, it provides direct evidence of the diurnal oscillation pattern of the human ileal microbiome at the level of composition and function.
Understand the dynamic changes of the fecal and ileal microbiome at the multi-omics level, and how the gut microbes potentially affect the host’s physiological processes, including the circadian rhythm.
Figure 1.
Fecal and ileal microbiota composition and functional dynamic reconstruction after osmotic laxative interference.
Figure 2.
Metabolic pathways and bacterial circadian changes of the in situ microbiome in the ileocecal area of the intestines.
Jun Wang, Researcher, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing Medical Department Professor Zhang Fabian from the Second Affiliated Hospital of the University is the co-corresponding author of this article.
Liu Xiaolin, a master student at the Chinese Institute of Microbiology, and Dai Min, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, are the co-first authors of the paper.
The research was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program, the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and the National Natural Science Foundation of China.
Original link:2020 hot articles selection 1.
Cup! A full paper cup of hot coffee, full of plastic particles.
.
.
2.
Scientists from the United States, Britain and Australia “Natural Medicine” further prove that the new coronavirus is a natural evolution product, or has two origins.
.
.
3.
NEJM: Intermittent fasting is right The impact of health, aging and disease 4.
Heal insomnia within one year! The study found that: to improve sleep, you may only need a heavy blanket.
5.
New Harvard study: Only 12 minutes of vigorous exercise can bring huge metabolic benefits to health.
6.
The first human intervention experiment: in nature.
"Feeling and rolling" for 28 days is enough to improve immunity.
7.
Junk food is "real rubbish"! It takes away telomere length and makes people grow old faster! 8.
Cell puzzle: you can really die if you don't sleep! But the lethal changes do not occur in the brain, but in the intestines.
.
.
9.
The super large-scale study of "Nature Communications": The level of iron in the blood is the key to health and aging! 10.
Unbelievable! Scientists reversed the "permanent" brain damage in animals overnight, and restored the old brain to a young state.
.
.
