The stability of enzyme preparations for feed was assessed.

The evaluation of the effect of enzyme application is not as easy as that of general nutrients or additivesMany times even if the enzyme is effective and targeted, it may not be reflected in the production performance of animalsEnzymes in animal diet is more to show that production performance indicators or test data differences are not significant in this case only with traditional animal production performance indicators (growth weight gain and feed compensation) evaluation methods do not fully reflect the role of enzymes and their effects must establish a comprehensive evaluation systemGenerally, this evaluation system can be considered to include the following aspects:) evaluation of enzyme agent activity; ) evaluation of enzyme preparation stability;) evaluation of the main production performance of enzyme preparation application, and) unconventional evaluation of the application effect of enzyme preparation, etcAmong them, the evaluation of enzyme activity is the most basic evaluation method is also the evaluation method of non-feed enzymeHere is a focus on other evaluation methods related to feed enzymes Sometimes the non-conventional evaluation methods of the application of enzymes are often sensitive indicators that reflect the effect of feed enzymes
Effect of temperature on the stability of enzymes Because enzymes are active proteins with a certain structure whose active center (catalytic sites) are susceptible to temperature influence and inactivate denaturationThe effect of the stability of the temperature of an ostotheerase is mainly the most suitable temperature of the enzyme preparation itself, and the other is that the enzyme preparation is applied to the temperature of the feed industry to tolerate modulation modulationGenerally speaking, each enzyme formulation has its most appropriate temperature range beyond this range of which is very low or inactivatedIn our laboratory experiments, the most suitable temperature of the exogenous enzyme was determined by in vitro method: the temperature at which the enzyme activity of alpha amylase was highest was reduced by the activity of the enzyme of the alpha amylase, the temperature at which the cell-polysesome sasse lived at the highest level was the temperature of the enzyme inactivity of more than the degree C, and the maximum temperature of the beta glucosase living was the highest temperature of the enzyme of more than the degree cIt is shown that each enzyme formulation has its winter resistanceUsually the main reason that microbial enzymes are more resistant to high temperaturethanenzymethany in animals is that the temperature of microbial enzymes comes from the fermentation and fermentation of strains is higher than the temperature of animalsAccording to EY(EY) the highest activity of amylase at about c, and the highest activity of amylase and cellulase, which measured microbial sources, were obtained at temperatures of about cThe difference with our experiments in our lab is mainly that the source of the enzyme is inconsistent because the properties of the enzymes from different sources are differentTherefore, the resistance of different source enzymes needs to be measured by the same method to facilitate comparison with each otherDue to the large variety of enzyme synopsis, the resistance of various other enzymes to winter resistance needs further study
One of the key issues of exogenous enzyme formulations in feed industry is the temperature resistance of enzyme stoices in the process of granulationFeed modulation granules often have a temperature of a temperature of .C which may cause the enzyme to become denaturedIn the past, the temperature-resistant tests of the enzymes involved in sporadic enzymes were carried out in laboratory ovens and did not reflect the real process of feed production and the complexity of feed composition on the enzyme seisily unable to have practical significanceIn our experiment, the temperature resistance of the two source enzymes was studied by using the actual production conditions through temperature regulationThe results showed that amylase still had a high retention rate when the granulation temperature was not more than the degree C, the active preservation rate of the enzyme was above the temperature of the granulated degree C, and the liquid-fermented beta glucanase and xylolysase still had about the activity when the granulation temperature was at the degree cAnd the experiment proves that the temperature resistance of the exogenous enzyme of liquid fermentation is higher than that of the exoenzyme of solid fermentation mainly because the various exosomes of liquid fermentation can be stabilized according to its temperature resistance, while the enzyme preparation of solid fermentation is difficult to do thisEye Yi () with barley soybean meal daily grain mixed with temperature-resistant dry enzyme preparations in the s.C., c, c-lowering seconds re-granulation found that the modulation temperature at the degree C has no effect on enzyme activity;
The effect of value on the stability of enzyme sines All enzymes have their best valueThis enzyme can work well if an enzyme has a wide range of values that maintain high vitality while adapting to the values of the environment in the digestive tract in animalsIn the experiment of Shen Shuibao () it was found that amylase in the value of acid protease in the value, xylitose in the value of the beta glucanase in the value of higher activity and according to the report () the average value of the pig duodenum to empty intestine in the stomach average indicates that the above four enzymes can play a role in the gastrointestinal tract of pigsAt the same time, the enzyme preparation under certain value conditions enzyme is very low or can not measure the activity at allSuch as xylitose and beta glucanase in the stomach conditions, i.e<> conditions and the activity of the same acid protease showed higher activity at the time of the time, but the activity is very lowIt shows that the enzyme can maintain activity and play a digestive role at a point of positioning in the animal's digestive tract
There are differences in the stability of enzyme pairs from different sourcesZheng Xiangjian, Han Zhengkang () with three beta glucanase assays results show: beta glucanase and domestic II the most value is in the range of a higher level of enzyme vitality; Tests in our laboratory determined that the optimal value of beta glucanase was to maintain a high level of enzyme activity between the two Therefore, it is based on the stability of the enzyme value and its adaptability to the environmental value in the animal's digestive tract to obtain better results
The effect of ion concentration on the stability of enzyme preparation Feed after being eaten by pigs under the acidic conditions of the stomach (-) and the weak acidic conditions of the small intestine () should be stayed in such an environment for a period of time in the addition of exogenous enzymes may interact with the inorganic ions therein to affect the play of enzyme activity Liu Qiang () used in vitro method to study the relationship between alpha amylase and various inorganic ions, the results show that: alpha amylase with the concentration (-) increases with the concentration (-) and the concentration (-) increase and reduce the change with concentration is greater than the least the effect on amylase activity In our laboratory experiments, the effects of two ions and ions with high pig feed content on the activity of three exogenous enzymes (alpha amylase, acid protease, beta glucanase) activity showed that the concentration of calcium ions (-) had no effect on the activity of various enzymes; It is shown that copper ions can inactivate alpha amylase and beta glucanase Acid proteases showed the exact opposite effect of their activity increased with increased concentration (-) in the range of the control group twice The composition of the feed is quite complex after it is decomposed by the digestive tract after it enters the animal's digestive tract In terms of enzyme formulations, there will be a competitive relationship between them and specific substrates, inorganic ions, etc so that the study of the effects of inorganic ions on enzyme activity must also be noted, so that the effect of ion concentration on enzyme activity and the influence of heavy metals on enzyme activity have yet to be confirmed by further research Feed enzyme stability assessment Feed enzyme preparation stability assessment Next page tail page enzyme formulation application effect evaluation is not as easy as the general nutritional composition or additives Many times even if the enzyme is effective and targeted, it may not be reflected in the production performance of animals Enzymes in animal diet is more to show that production performance indicators or test data differences are not significant in this case only with traditional animal production performance indicators (growth weight gain and feed compensation) evaluation methods do not fully reflect the role of enzymes and their effects must establish a comprehensive evaluation system Generally, this evaluation system can be considered to include the following aspects:) evaluation of enzyme agent activity; ) evaluation of enzyme preparation stability;) evaluation of the main production performance of enzyme preparation application, and) unconventional evaluation of the application effect of enzyme preparation, etc Among them, the evaluation of enzyme activity is the most basic evaluation method is also the evaluation method of non-feed enzyme Here is a focus on other evaluation methods related to feed enzymes Sometimes the non-conventional evaluation methods of the application of enzymes are often sensitive indicators that reflect the effect of feed enzymes
Effect of temperature on the stability of enzymes Because enzymes are active proteins with a certain structure whose active center (catalytic sites) are susceptible to temperature influence and inactivate denaturation The effect of the stability of the temperature of an ostotheerase is mainly the most suitable temperature of the enzyme preparation itself, and the other is that the enzyme preparation is applied to the temperature of the feed industry to tolerate modulation modulation Generally speaking, each enzyme formulation has its most appropriate temperature range beyond this range of which is very low or inactivated In our laboratory experiments, the most suitable temperature of the exogenous enzyme was determined by in vitro method: the temperature at which the enzyme activity of alpha amylase was highest was reduced by the activity of the enzyme of the alpha amylase, the temperature at which the cell-polysesome sasse lived at the highest level was the temperature of the enzyme inactivity of more than the degree C, and the maximum temperature of the beta glucosase living was the highest temperature of the enzyme of more than the degree c It is shown that each enzyme formulation has its winter resistance Usually the main reason that microbial enzymes are more resistant to high temperaturethanenzymethany in animals is that the temperature of microbial enzymes comes from the fermentation and fermentation of strains is higher than the temperature of animals According to EY(EY) the highest activity of amylase at about c, and the highest activity of amylase and cellulase, which measured microbial sources, were obtained at temperatures of about c The difference with our experiments in our lab is mainly that the source of the enzyme is inconsistent because the properties of the enzymes from different sources are different Therefore, the resistance of different source enzymes needs to be measured by the same method to facilitate comparison with each other Due to the large variety of enzyme synopsis, the resistance of various other enzymes to winter resistance needs further study
One of the key issues of exogenous enzyme formulations in feed industry is the temperature resistance of enzyme stoices in the process of granulation Feed modulation granules often have a temperature of a temperature of .C which may cause the enzyme to become denatured In the past, the temperature-resistant tests of the enzymes involved in sporadic enzymes were carried out in laboratory ovens and did not reflect the real process of feed production and the complexity of feed composition on the enzyme seisily unable to have practical significance In our experiment, the temperature resistance of the two source enzymes was studied by using the actual production conditions through temperature regulation The results showed that amylase still had a high retention rate when the granulation temperature was not more than the degree C, the active preservation rate of the enzyme was above the temperature of the granulated degree C, and the liquid-fermented beta glucanase and xylolysase still had about the activity when the granulation temperature was at the degree c And the experiment proves that the temperature resistance of the exogenous enzyme of liquid fermentation is higher than that of the exoenzyme of solid fermentation mainly because the various exosomes of liquid fermentation can be stabilized according to its temperature resistance, while the enzyme preparation of solid fermentation is difficult to do this Eye Yi () with barley soybean meal daily grain mixed with temperature-resistant dry enzyme preparations in the s.C., c, c-lowering seconds re-granulation found that the modulation temperature at the degree C has no effect on enzyme activity;
The effect of value on the stability of enzyme sines All enzymes have their best value This enzyme can work well if an enzyme has a wide range of values that maintain high vitality while adapting to the values of the environment in the digestive tract in animals In the experiment of Shen Shuibao () it was found that amylase in the value of acid protease in the value, xylitose in the value of the beta glucanase in the value of higher activity and according to the report () the average value of the pig duodenum to empty intestine in the stomach average indicates that the above four enzymes can play a role in the gastrointestinal tract of pigs At the same time, the enzyme preparation under certain value conditions enzyme is very low or can not measure the activity at all Such as xylitose and beta glucanase in the stomach conditions, i.e <> conditions and the activity of the same acid protease showed higher activity at the time of the time, but the activity is very low It shows that the enzyme can maintain activity and play a digestive role at a point of positioning in the animal's digestive tract
There are differences in the stability of enzyme pairs from different sources Zheng Xiangjian, Han Zhengkang () with three beta glucanase assays results show: beta glucanase and domestic II the most value is in the range of a higher level of enzyme vitality; Tests in our laboratory determined that the optimal value of beta glucanase was to maintain a high level of enzyme activity between the two Therefore, it is based on the stability of the enzyme value and its adaptability to the environmental value in the animal's digestive tract to obtain better results
The effect of ion concentration on the stability of enzyme preparation Feed after being eaten by pigs under the acidic conditions of the stomach (-) and the weak acidic conditions of the small intestine () should be stayed in such an environment for a period of time in the addition of exogenous enzymes may interact with the inorganic ions therein to affect the play of enzyme activity Liu Qiang () used in vitro method to study the relationship between alpha amylase and various inorganic ions, the results show that: alpha amylase with the concentration (-) increases with the concentration (-) and the concentration (-) increase and reduce the change with concentration is greater than the least the effect on amylase activity In our laboratory experiments, the effects of two ions and ions with high pig feed content on the activity of three exogenous enzymes (alpha amylase, acid protease, beta glucanase) activity showed that the concentration of calcium ions (-) had no effect on the activity of various enzymes; It is shown that copper ions can inactivate alpha amylase and beta glucanase Acid proteases showed the exact opposite effect of their activity increased with increased concentration (-) in the range of the control group twice The composition of the feed is quite complex after it is decomposed by the digestive tract after it enters the animal's digestive tract In terms of enzyme formulations, there will be a competitive relationship between them and specific substrates, inorganic ions, etc so that the study of the effects of inorganic ions on enzyme activity must also be noted, so that the effect of ion concentration on enzyme activity and the influence of heavy metals on enzyme activity have yet to be confirmed by further research (Feng Dingyuan)