The petrochemical story in a century of party history

Recently, to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the founding of the Communist Party of China, the Chinese Communist Party History and Documentation Research Institute compiled the "Memorabilia of the 100th Anniversary of the Communist Party of China"
.

"Memorabilia" comprehensively records the glorious course of the Chinese Communist Party uniting and leading the people in the arduous and great struggle for national independence, people's liberation, national prosperity, and people's happiness

Discovery of Daqing Oilfield

　Discovery of Daqing Oil Field　Discovery of Daqing Oil Field

On September 26, 1959, China's petroleum geological exploration work achieved major results-the discovery of the Daqing oil field, ending China's oil-poor history
.

In February 1960, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China decided to concentrate its efforts on the oil exploration and development battle in the Daqing area

At the beginning of the founding of New China, the situation of China's petroleum industry was very severe, and crude oil output was pitifully small, only 120,000 tons in 1949
.

Because of the lack of fuel, the cars in the capital Beijing have gas bags on their backs, and the Chinese people can't breathe with a "fuel-poor" hat

When the Daqing Oilfield was discovered, the country was in a difficult period.
After careful consideration, the party group of the Ministry of Petroleum Industry decided to take the form of a battle to alleviate the difficult situation of the country's oil shortage
.

On February 20, 1960, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China approved the Ministry of Petroleum Industry's "Report on the Petroleum Exploration Situation and Future Work Deployment Issues in the Songliao Area of ​​Northeast China".

From 1976 to 2002, Daqing Oilfield achieved an annual output of more than 50 million tons of crude oil for 27 consecutive years of high and stable production.
From 2003 to 2014, it achieved an annual output of more than 40 million tons of crude oil for 12 consecutive years.
Since 2015, the oil and gas equivalent has continued to maintain at 40 million tons.
Above
.

Over the past 60 years, the Daqing Oilfield has produced a total of 2.

　　Synthetic crystalline bovine insulin

Synthetic crystalline bovine insulin synthetic crystalline bovine insulin

　　On September 17, 1965, China synthesized crystalline bovine insulin for the first time in the world
.

　　Beginning in 1958, the Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and the Department of Chemistry, Peking University joined forces to explore the use of chemical methods to synthesize insulin
.

　　Insulin has the functions of lowering blood sugar and regulating carbohydrate metabolism in the body, and is a type of protein
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To synthesize insulin, firstly, the amino acids must be connected in a certain order to form the A chain and the B chain, and then the two chains are connected together

　　This is the first time in the world that a protein with the same chemical structure and complete biological activity as the natural insulin molecule has been artificially synthesized, marking a milestone in the journey of revealing the essence of life
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　　West-East Gas Pipeline Project

　West-East Gas Pipeline Project　West-East Gas Pipeline Project

　　On July 4, 2002, the groundbreaking ceremony of the West-East Gas Pipeline Project (Xinjiang Lunnan to Shanghai) was held
.

Since then, the second and third lines of the West-East Gas Pipeline Project have been constructed

　　The West-East Gas Pipeline Project is a landmark project in the development of the western region and one of the "four major projects across the century.
" It is of great significance for accelerating the adjustment of China's energy structure, driving the development of related industries, and promoting sustainable economic and social development
.

It is mainly composed of West-East Gas Pipeline 1, 2 and 3, with a total length of more than 20,000 kilometers and an annual gas transmission capacity of 77 billion cubic meters

　　The West-East Gas Pipeline starts from the Tarim Lunnan oil and gas field in Xinjiang in the west to Baihe Town in Shanghai in the east.
It has a total length of 4,380 kilometers and an annual gas transmission capacity of 17 billion cubic meters.
The construction started on July 4, 2002, and December 30, 2004.
Achieve full-line commercial operations every day
.
The second West-East Gas Pipeline uses Central Asian natural gas as the main source of gas.
It starts from the Horgos Port in Xinjiang in the west and is connected to the Central Asian Natural Gas Pipeline.
It has a total length of 8819 kilometers and an annual gas transmission volume of 30 billion cubic meters, which can provide a stable gas supply of 30 Construction started in February 2008, and the whole line was completed and put into production in December 2012
.
The Third West-East Gas Pipeline uses Central Asian natural gas as the main gas source, and Xinjiang coal-to-natural gas as a supplementary gas source
.
The pipeline starts from Horgos, Xinjiang, and ends in Fuzhou, with a total length of 6,840 kilometers and a designed annual gas transmission capacity of 30 billion cubic meters.
Construction began on October 16, 2012, and the eastern and western sections of the pipeline were completed and put into production one after another
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　　Successful trial mining of combustible ice

　Successful trial mining of combustible ice 　 Trial mining success of　combustible ice

　　On May 18, 2017, the trial production of natural gas hydrate (also known as combustible ice) in the Shenhu area of ​​the South China Sea was successful
.
China has become the first country in the world to successfully test natural gas hydrates in sea areas
.

　　Combustible ice is an ice-like crystalline substance formed by natural gas and water under high-pressure and low-temperature conditions.
It is distributed in deep seas or permafrost on land.
After combustion, it generates only a small amount of carbon dioxide and water, and its pollution is much less than that of coal and petroleum.
Because of its huge reserves, it is recognized internationally as a replacement energy source for oil and other sources
.

　　On May 10, 2017, the China Geological Survey extracted natural gas from the Shenhu waters of the South China Sea
.
Natural gas comes from combustible ice deposits 203 to 277 meters below the seabed at a water depth of 1,266 meters
.
As of May 18, continuous and stable gas production within 8 days, with an average daily gas production of more than 16,000 cubic meters, a maximum daily gas production of 35,000 cubic meters, and a total of more than 120,000 cubic meters of gas in 8 days, of which the highest methane content reached 99.
5 %, marking China’s first successful trial of combustible ice in sea areas
.
As a result, China became the first country in the world to achieve continuous and stable gas production in the trial mining of combustible ice in the sea
.