The leadership of the party is the fundamental guarantee for the development and growth of my country's petroleum and chemical industries (part 1)

Petroleum and chemical industries are the basic industries and pillar industries of the national economy.
They have played a major role in the new era of Chinese revolution, construction, reform, and socialist modernization
.
History has eloquently proved that without the leadership of the Communist Party of China, China’s petroleum and chemical industries cannot achieve self-reliance, and cannot rapidly develop from a weak foundation of poverty and poverty to become a world petroleum and chemical industry powerhouse, and then to the world’s petroleum and chemical industries.

For the cause of national liberation, the Communist Party of China implemented the policy of "self-reliance and development of production" in base areas and liberated areas, leading the people to establish and develop basic petroleum and chemical industries under extremely difficult conditions
.
The Yanchang Petroleum Plant was restored in the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region and the Zifanggou Chemical Plant was established to produce gasoline, diesel, candles, gun oil, ink, petroleum jelly and other petroleum products, as well as sulfuric acid, nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, soda ash, caustic soda, alcohol, and ether.
, Glycerin and other chemical raw materials

Road exploration in the construction of the foundation

When the People’s Republic of China was founded, the foundation of China’s petroleum and chemical industries was very weak.
In 1949, petroleum production was 120,000 tons, sulfuric acid was 40,000 tons, fertilizers were 6,000 tons, soda ash was 88,000 tons, and caustic soda was 15,000 tons.
Many petrochemical and chemical products were still blank.
The scale of the enterprise is small, the equipment is poor, the working conditions are poor, and the technical level is far behind the international level

In the 1960s and 1970s, the petroleum and chemical industries were advancing in twists and turns.
Among them, the "Cultural Revolution" caused serious interference, but the overall development still maintained relatively fast

By the end of the 1970s, positive results had been achieved in the structural adjustment of chemical fertilizer products

In 1978, the national crude oil output exceeded 100 million tons, reaching 104 million tons; the total output value of the chemical industry reached 43.
87 billion yuan, and the initial formation of petroleum exploration, oil field mining, oil refining production, pipeline transportation, and chemical mining, petrochemical, coal chemical, inorganic Comparison of categories of acid and alkali, inorganic salts, fertilizers, pesticides, rubber, organic raw materials, dyes and pigments, coatings, chemical reagents, synthetic resins, synthetic rubber, synthetic fiber monomers, catalysts and additives, new chemical materials, machinery manufacturing, etc.
The complete petroleum and chemical industry system has laid the foundation for the development of the development from small to large and from weak to strong in the exploration of the road to building socialism

At the end of 2004, Hualu Hengsheng Chemical Co.
, Ltd.

Take off in reform and opening up

Reform and opening up have further liberated productivity, and China's petroleum and chemical industries have entered another track of rapid development
.
The reform has solved the shortcomings of the management system of the petroleum and chemical industries that are over-regulated and over-unified.
The market’s fundamental and decisive role in the optimal allocation of resources has gradually been brought into play, from expanding enterprise autonomy to implementing an economic responsibility system, and then to A modern enterprise system has been established, the vitality of state-owned enterprises has increased, and private enterprises have developed vigorously
.
In the early 1980s, the Ministry of Petroleum Industry reported to the central government for approval.
The petroleum industry implemented three major policies including 100 million tons of crude oil output, opening of the offshore continental shelf, and introduction of advanced foreign technology and equipment.
By the end of the 1990s, the China National Petroleum Corporation was formed.
The company and China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation have realized the separation of government and enterprises at the macro level.
After asset reorganization and restructuring, they have resolved the contradiction between the upstream and downstream of the petroleum and petrochemical industry, domestic and foreign trade, the division of production, supply and marketing, and the unreasonable structure.
The company has formed a modern enterprise management system integrating upstream and downstream
.
A group of local state-owned enterprises, such as Wanhua Chemical, Shaanxi Yanchang, Shanghai Huayi, Zhejiang Juhua, Tianjin Bohua, etc.
, have also gained vigor and strong market competitiveness after reforms
.
In 2007, there were 18,467 petroleum and chemical private enterprises, accounting for more than one-third of the total number of enterprises in the industry
.
Many of these enterprises have developed into the backbone of the industry and have made important contributions to the development of the national economy and society
.

In the 1990s, the chemical industry deeply implemented the strategies of "learning from auspiciousness", "prospering with science and technology" and "export-oriented economy", and gradually integrated into the global industrial chain and supply chain by further promoting enterprises to improve their management level, with significant creativity and production efficiency Enhanced
.
The petrochemical industry is developing rapidly, and the level of production technology has been significantly improved
.
Sinopec and other companies have mastered the entire process technology of modern refineries and formed a series of catalytic cracking and hydrogenation technologies.
Among them, the catalytic cracking technology has reached the world’s advanced level.
Complete sets of technologies and equipment such as 10,000-ton large-scale ethylene, large-scale polypropylene, styrene, toluene disproportionation, and aromatic extraction have been industrialized
.
Basic industries such as chemical fertilizers, acids and bases, inorganic salts, pesticides, coatings, and dyes have also entered a golden development period
.
With the breakthrough of new coal gasification technology and the large-scale equipment, China became the world's largest producer of nitrogen fertilizer in the early 90s.
In 2005, the output of phosphate fertilizer ranked first in the world
.
The 1 million tons/year Qinghai Chaerhan Salt Lake project and the 1.
2 million tons/year Lop Nur potash project have been completed successively
.
The output of sulfuric acid, soda ash, and chlor-alkali products has also successively occupied the first place in the world
.
The development of high-efficiency and low-toxic pesticides is accelerating, and China's pesticides continue to transform from imitation to innovative, from a major importer of pesticides to a major exporter
.
The output of dyes and coatings has successively ranked first in the world, and the proportion of green and environmentally friendly high-end products and special coatings has increased
.
The ability and level of independent research and development of fluorosilicon technology have been greatly improved, breaking through a large number of core technologies that have long been monopolized by foreign countries in perfluorinated ion exchange membranes, lithium hexafluorophosphate, and polyvinylidene fluoride.
It has provided a large number of high-end fine chemicals for the national economy and has become an important world Fluorosilicon production base
.
The localization of the three major synthetic materials technology and equipment of synthetic resin, synthetic fiber and synthetic rubber has accelerated, and a large number of high-end, special-purpose products such as polyamide, nylon, engineering resin, thermoplastic resin, special engineering resin, polyurethane, styrene butadiene rubber, and nitrile rubber have been created.
product
.
In the early 21st century, major breakthroughs were made in modern coal chemical technology to replace petroleum and natural gas to produce petroleum products, ethylene, propylene and other petrochemical products.
Indirect coal-to-liquid, direct coal-to-liquid, and coal-to-olefin demonstration projects were completed before 2010, which promoted The diversification of raw materials in the global petrochemical industry
.

In 2010, China's petroleum and chemical industry's main business income reached 8.
88 trillion yuan, ranking second in the world, of which the chemical industry's main business income reached 5.
23 trillion yuan, surpassing the United States and becoming the first in the world, becoming a veritable world A major country in the chemical industry
.
The Chinese market has become the fastest growing market in the world and has become one of the main engines for the development of the global petroleum and chemical industry
.