Straw into mulch?

Bio-based materials mainly refer to new materials and chemicals made from renewable biomass such as grains, legumes, straw, bamboo and wood powder, including bio-based chemical raw materials, bio-based plastics, bio-based fibers, bio-based rubber and bio-based materials.
Plastic materials obtained by thermoplastic processing of substances,
etc.
Biomanufacturing uses biomass as raw material or uses biological methods for large-scale material transformation.
The production process is green, mild and economical, which can greatly reduce raw material and energy consumption and reduce operating costs
.

On this basis, the application range of bio-based materials is very wide, which can be used in aerospace, automobile manufacturing, luxury goods, medical equipment and food industry to meet a variety of needs, so we can see the types of bio-based products and The number is increasing year by year
.

Bio-based materials, why are they really environmentally friendly materials? Is it just because it uses a different material than nylon? The answer is of course not.
As a cutting-edge technology product, bio-based materials effectively reduce carbon emissions in the production process compared to traditional materials
.
For example, the production of 1kg of nylon-56 reduces carbon emissions by 4.
31kg compared to the production of 1kg of nylon-66, and carbon emissions can be effectively quantified
.

The most important thing is the problem of degradation.
Most nylon materials are difficult to degrade, requiring decades of degradation, and a lot of harmful substances are produced after degradation
.
When bio-based materials are discarded, they can be converted into non-toxic small molecules such as water and carbon dioxide through biodegradation methods such as combustion or composting, and re-enter the natural cycle to maintain the entire ecological balance without worrying about environmental pollution
.

In the long run, bio-based materials and bio-based industries will be the development trend.
If this project is launched, it should be the biggest contribution to carbon neutrality
.
It should be known that bio-based materials are not only of great significance to the realization of carbon neutrality goals, but also more economical in the use of corn and other food raw materials, and are naturally fully recognized and accepted by the market
.

The most important thing is that bio-based materials are one of the technologies mastered in China and are not restricted by monopoly
.
There are several domestic companies that can produce bio-based materials, and even help Kasai Bio's global market share to reach 80%.
It is in an absolute leading position and will not be locked by technology.
new ideas
.

So, what new technologies are there for the production of new biomass materials? Today, let us explore the road of counterattack of straw together
.

1.
Exploring the secrets of increasing the income of straw bioreactor technology

What is straw bioreactor technology? "To put it bluntly, it is to mix marine waste such as straw, green waste and seaweed in a certain proportion, and then bury it in the soil together with an appropriate amount of biological inoculants.
After 2 months of fermentation, the beneficial microorganisms in the reactor can increase the organic fertilizer of the soil.
, which is helpful for the growth of carrots
.
” Wu Jiangtao, Secretary of the Party Branch of Pulan Village, said, “The reactor can not only increase soil organic fertilizer, but also release a large amount of carbon dioxide to promote plant photosynthesis, which increases carrot yield by 30% to 50%
.
More important.
The good thing is, with this technology, the quality of carrots has also improved without using chemical fertilizers and pesticides
.
"

"The secretary's words are true.
The total output of 12 mu of carrots used to be 2,500 kilograms, but now it is 5,500 kilograms.
The original wholesale price of carrots was 1 yuan/kg, but now organic carrots are 10 yuan/kg
.
One crop earns more than 50,000 yuan more than before.
Yuan
.
" Zu Yongming said that carrots are planted twice a year in the village, the first one is from February to May, the second one is from August to November, and the 4 months of slack is the time for the fermentation of straw bioreactors.
"I think this new technology is tailor-made for our village carrot
.

Turn on a light to illuminate a large area
.
The straw-based organic immunity carrot planting base in Pulan Village has produced a good demonstration and leading role
.
"Compared to the people who watched the fun when the seeds were planted, there are less than 100 people lining up to learn the scriptures
.
" Zu Yongming said
.

The introduction of new technology comes from the guidance of the town
.
Since the beginning of this year, Niutouya Town, Beidaihe District has put forward the concept of "technology assisting agriculture and ecological development", taking technology boosting low-carbon development as the main direction, and vigorously developing characteristic agricultural industries
.
Through docking with the District Agriculture and Rural Bureau, the town allowed the straw bioreactor technology to take root in Pulan Village
.

Today, the carrots in Pulan Village have a high "look" and good taste, and have become the "new favorite" of consumers.
Wu Jiangtao is actively organizing the registration of trademarks to build brand advantages
.

2.
The straw can be changed into mulch, and it can also be harder than steel?

If you want a good harvest, mulch is a treasure
.
However, with the expansion of the use of plastic film, it has also brought "white pollution" to rural areas
.
How to solve this problem? In Shanxi Biomass New Materials Research Institute, R&D engineers are biorefining agricultural and forestry wastes such as straw to produce high-quality, safe and degradable bio-mulch, truly turning waste into treasure
.

This bioplastic can be completely degraded in only 6-9 months, effectively solving the white pollution caused by traditional petrochemical plastics, and can be used in disposable tableware, plastic products, agricultural mulch,
etc.

Take it from the ground, use it for the ground
.
The gorgeous transformation of waste straw is the magic of new biological materials
.
However, the magic doesn't stop there
.

Bio resin

Using the biorefinery method, the enzymatic lignin is extracted from the straw, and the bioresin can also be obtained through the new material conversion technology
.
The bio-resin is tough and can be combined with carbon fibers to form carbon fiber composites that are four to five times harder than steel but only one-fifth the weight
.
It solves the technical problem of "stuck neck" of the epoxy resin commonly used in the market with poor toughness
.

3.
It is difficult to recycle straw, and gene editing shows its skills

China is a big agricultural country.
The development and utilization of straw resources not only involves the material transformation and energy cycle in the agricultural production system, it has become an important way to realize circular agriculture and low-carbon economy, and it is an inevitable requirement for the sustainable development of agriculture and rural society and economy.
The inevitable trend of global environmental protection development
.

Gene editing technology is a tool developed in recent years that can directionally modify biological genomic DNA.
The most widely used CRISPR/Cas9 system is the modification of the base sequence in DNA, such as insertion, deletion and replacement of bases or a segment.
The base sequence changes the amino acid encoded by the gene, thereby realizing the loss or change of the related gene function
.

In the face of these problems that are difficult to solve by conventional methods, the team of Professor Wu Aimin of South China Agricultural University used CRISPR/CAS9 gene editing technology to modify rice UXE (UDP-xylose epimerase) and XAT (xylan arabinosyltransferase) Partial gene knockout was carried out, and three double mutants with partial knockout of UXE and XAT genes were obtained.
It was found that the content of arabinose in the side chain of xylan in the mutants was greatly reduced, and the crystallinity of cellulose decreased, which made the cell wall structure loose.
Increased cellulase accessibility, making cell walls more susceptible to treatment damage
.
This research reduces the difficulty of straw disposal through genetic modification, adding more possibilities for straw recycling
.