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as Synercoccus is one of the largest prokaryotic algae found in the world's oceans and a key contributor to marine primary productivity
.
In addition to environmental factors, their growth and metabolism are largely subject to the regulation
of heterotrophic bacteria.
The study revealed that there is an intricate interaction between heterotrophic bacteria and Synechococcus, but when they show a mutually beneficial symbiosis development trend under long-term coexistence conditions, during which the algal relationship undergoes a drastic transformation of hostility, coexistence, and then mutually beneficial symbiosis, a nutriently self-sufficient algal microecosystem can finally be established, even if there is no artificial nutrition for up to 2-3 years.
Synococcus consistently maintains a high cell concentration and strong photosynthetic carbon sequestration activity
.
However, the relationship between algae and bacteria in the ocean will be disturbed by various dynamic environmental factors, and it is unclear whether this mutually beneficial symbiotic relationship between Synococcus and heterotrophic flora can remain stable or reproduce, which is not only an important scientific question to study the dynamic change process and driving mechanism of marine algae relationship, but also related to the marine carbon cycle and climate change
.
Through in-depth research, Zhang Yongyu's laboratory of Qingdao Institute of Energy of the Chinese Academy of Sciences found that artificial addition of exogenous nutrients will destroy the long-term mutually beneficial symbiotic relationship
between Synechophytes and heterotrophic flora.
However, once exogenous nutrients are depleted, they can gradually resume their metabolic symbiotic relationship
with each other.
The study shows that the stoichiometry of nutrients has an important impact on the symbiotic relationship between Tycophytes and heterotrophic bacteria, however, since Tycophytes and Heterotrophic Bacteria have coexisted for billions of years in Earth's history, they may have established evolutionary adaptations or intrinsic tendencies to develop in the direction of mutually beneficial symbiotic relationships in order to grow healthily under adverse environmental conditions, which may also be an evolutionary adaptation strategy for Syncrococcus to maintain its important ecological dominance in oligotrophic marine environments
。 The findings were published in the international open access journal Science Advances
.
About the corresponding author
Welcome to pay attention to the official public account of Science
as Synercoccus is one of the largest prokaryotic algae found in the world's oceans and a key contributor to marine primary productivity
.
In addition to environmental factors, their growth and metabolism are largely subject to the regulation
of heterotrophic bacteria.
The study revealed that there is an intricate interaction between heterotrophic bacteria and Synechococcus, but when they show a mutually beneficial symbiosis development trend under long-term coexistence conditions, during which the algal relationship undergoes a drastic transformation of hostility, coexistence, and then mutually beneficial symbiosis, a nutriently self-sufficient algal microecosystem can finally be established, even if there is no artificial nutrition for up to 2-3 years.
Synococcus consistently maintains a high cell concentration and strong photosynthetic carbon sequestration activity
.
However, the relationship between algae and bacteria in the ocean will be disturbed by various dynamic environmental factors, and it is unclear whether this mutually beneficial symbiotic relationship between Synococcus and heterotrophic flora can remain stable or reproduce, which is not only an important scientific question to study the dynamic change process and driving mechanism of marine algae relationship, but also related to the marine carbon cycle and climate change
.
Through in-depth research, Zhang Yongyu's laboratory of Qingdao Institute of Energy of the Chinese Academy of Sciences found that artificial addition of exogenous nutrients will destroy the long-term mutually beneficial symbiotic relationship
between Synechophytes and heterotrophic flora.
However, once exogenous nutrients are depleted, they can gradually resume their metabolic symbiotic relationship
with each other.
The intrinsic trend of establishing a mutually beneficial symbiotic relationship between polycoccus and heterotrophic flora under long-term coexistence
The use of metagenomics, metageome and 15N isotope tracing revealed that nitrogen fixation by heterotrophic bacteria is the key driver
for the reconstruction of symbiotic relationships of algal bacteria.
During this period, the heterotrophic flora showed unique behavioral strategies, manifested in chemotaxis, quorum sensing, biofilm formation and enhancement of phycopolysaccharide degradation ability, etc.
, which drove the adjustment of the structure and function of the flora in the process of rebuilding the reciprocal relationship with each other, and accompanied by the microbial production of phosphorus, iron and vitamins, which promoted the healthy growth
of Synechococcus.
The study shows that the stoichiometry of nutrients has an important impact on the symbiotic relationship between Tycophytes and heterotrophic bacteria, however, since Tycophytes and Heterotrophic Bacteria have coexisted for billions of years in Earth's history, they may have established evolutionary adaptations or intrinsic tendencies to develop in the direction of mutually beneficial symbiotic relationships in order to grow healthily under adverse environmental conditions, which may also be an evolutionary adaptation strategy for Syncrococcus to maintain its important ecological dominance in oligotrophic marine environments
。 The findings were published in the international open access journal Science Advances
.
Nair S#, Zhang ZH#, Li HM, Zhao HS, Shen H, Gao SJ, Jiao NZ, Zhang YY*.
Inherent tendency of Synechocccus and heterotrophic bacteria for mutualism on long-term coexistence despite environmental interference.
Science Advances 2022, 8, eabf4792
About the corresponding author
Zhang Yongyu, researcher and doctoral supervisor, distinguished backbone talent of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, leader of the marine carbon sink and energy microbiology team of Qingdao Institute of Energy
, Chinese Academy of Sciences.
He has long been engaged in the research
of marine algae-fungus-virus interaction and its associated marine carbon storage mechanism, algal carbon sink, and microbial resource development.
At present, he presides over the key projects of the Foundation Committee, the key special projects of the Ministry of Science and Technology, and the key projects of the Marine Science Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and has published nearly 80 papers in Science Advances, National Science Review, mBio, Limnol & Oceanogr, ES&T, Water Research and other journals
.
This article is submitted by the author team, and the views in the article are only the views of the author team.
It does not represent the position
of Science/AAAS.
Welcome to pay attention to the official public account of Science
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