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[ Focus on Chemical Machinery Equipment Network ] What is extremely low temperature? Usually refers to below -248.
5939°C
.
What is the use of extremely low temperature? More than 50% of the core components of large scientific devices such as deep space exploration and controllable nuclear fusion devices need to operate in a stable, extremely low temperature environment
.
Chemical machinery and equipment network hotspots pay attention to chemical machinery and equipment5939°C
.
What is the use of extremely low temperature? More than 50% of the core components of large scientific devices such as deep space exploration and controllable nuclear fusion devices need to operate in a stable, extremely low temperature environment
.
How to measure extremely low temperatures? It is measured by a standard thermometer , and there are less than 10 such thermometers in China-they have been in service for nearly half a century
.
Yes, you read that right, there are only less than ten
.
thermometer.
Yes, you read that right, there are only less than ten
.
What's more serious is that for a long time, our country has only standards in the extremely low temperature zone, and the benchmarking construction is not complete
.
Benchmarks are an important technical basis for the development of global governance systems and economic and trade cooperation; temperature benchmarks are one of the lowest foundations of modern industry and scientific research, and the ability to measure temperature benchmarks is one of the symbols of national technological level and comprehensive national strength
.
There is no reference in the extremely low temperature zone, which means that we cannot judge whether these standard thermometers are accurate in this temperature zone.
They must be sent to countries that have the ability to measure the reference temperature for calibration
.
.
Benchmarks are an important technical basis for the development of global governance systems and economic and trade cooperation; temperature benchmarks are one of the lowest foundations of modern industry and scientific research, and the ability to measure temperature benchmarks is one of the symbols of national technological level and comprehensive national strength
.
There is no reference in the extremely low temperature zone, which means that we cannot judge whether these standard thermometers are accurate in this temperature zone.
They must be sent to countries that have the ability to measure the reference temperature for calibration
.
The thermometer is composed of optical system, photodetector, signal amplifier , signal processing, display output and other parts
.
The optical system concentrates the infrared radiation energy of the target in its field of view, and the size of the field of view is determined by the optical parts of the thermometer and its position
.
The infrared energy is focused on the photodetector and converted into a corresponding electrical signal
.
The signal passes through the amplifier and signal processing circuit, and is converted into the temperature value of the measured target after being corrected in accordance with the internal algorithm and target emissivity of the instrument
.
Amplifier.
The optical system concentrates the infrared radiation energy of the target in its field of view, and the size of the field of view is determined by the optical parts of the thermometer and its position
.
The infrared energy is focused on the photodetector and converted into a corresponding electrical signal
.
The signal passes through the amplifier and signal processing circuit, and is converted into the temperature value of the measured target after being corrected in accordance with the internal algorithm and target emissivity of the instrument
.
For a big country like ours, it is a dangerous thing to take the initiative in the hands of others
.
Today, this situation has changed
.
The international research team led by Gao Bo, a senior engineer at the Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, originally proposed the "Principle of Reference Temperature Measurement of the Refractive Index of Gases at Constant Pressure", and built a benchmark temperature measurement device in the extremely low temperature area in 2020
.
Gao Bo’s eyes shone with brilliance: "In the temperature range of -268.
15℃~-248.
65℃, China's first benchmark temperature measuring device has been built, and its accuracy and measurement speed are the best in the world
.
"
.
Today, this situation has changed
.
The international research team led by Gao Bo, a senior engineer at the Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, originally proposed the "Principle of Reference Temperature Measurement of the Refractive Index of Gases at Constant Pressure", and built a benchmark temperature measurement device in the extremely low temperature area in 2020
.
Gao Bo’s eyes shone with brilliance: "In the temperature range of -268.
15℃~-248.
65℃, China's first benchmark temperature measuring device has been built, and its accuracy and measurement speed are the best in the world
.
"
A very important reason why modern industry and scientific and technological systems can become the "world language" is the unification of measurement standards
.
In the development of human society for a long time, measurement units are mostly defined based on visible and tangible objects
.
No matter how carefully the actual object is preserved, changes will occur over time, and subtle element differences will bring differences in accuracy
.
With the development of science and technology, everyone has higher and higher requirements for the accuracy of measurement.
This method of using physical objects to define units has gradually become prominent in terms of long-term stability and global versatility
.
.
In the development of human society for a long time, measurement units are mostly defined based on visible and tangible objects
.
No matter how carefully the actual object is preserved, changes will occur over time, and subtle element differences will bring differences in accuracy
.
With the development of science and technology, everyone has higher and higher requirements for the accuracy of measurement.
This method of using physical objects to define units has gradually become prominent in terms of long-term stability and global versatility
.
As a result, scientists have set their sights on stable natural constants-starting from May 20, 2019, the International System of Units has undergone changes, and the basic units are now defined by natural constants
.
The same is true for temperature
.
Who can build a benchmark temperature measuring device based on natural constants faster and more accurately will have more say in the future
.
.
The same is true for temperature
.
Who can build a benchmark temperature measuring device based on natural constants faster and more accurately will have more say in the future
.
The reference-level temperature measuring device in the extremely low temperature zone not only fills the gap in the field of temperature measurement in China, but also realizes the independent controllability of the traceability of the temperature zone value, and also achieves a "zero" breakthrough-Chinese researchers have participated in extremely low temperature In the assignment of regional international temperature scales, this original Chinese method has been included by the International Temperature Advisory Committee and has been internationally recognized; this set of devices has also become a world-class "benchmark" for temperature measurement devices in extremely low temperature areas
.
In other words, we can call the temperature measured by it the "Chinese temperature"
.
.
In other words, we can call the temperature measured by it the "Chinese temperature"
.
Mastering the head technology of temperature traceability is not only of great significance to China's scientific and technological development and industrial development, but the role of "China's temperature" will also gradually appear in international scientific research projects and industrial fields
.
.
Source: Guangming Daily
Original title: "China's temperature" was measured by improving the temperature measurement device for the benchmark construction of my country's extremely low temperature area
