On the additives of Chinese herbal medicine

Introduction: with the rapid development of feed industry, feed additives have developed rapidly However, at the same time, the harm of chemical additives as a branch of feed additives has become a consensus The side effects of drug residues, drug resistance, carcinogenesis, teratogenesis, mutagenicity and so on make people have to consider carefully when choosing additives As a feed additive, Chinese herbal medicine not only makes up for these shortcomings of chemical additives, but also has many unique advantages, such as rich drug sources, low cost, no residue, not easy to produce drug resistance, harmonious unity with animal body and so on It has set off a upsurge of research on Chinese herbal medicine additives There are many schools of thought, different characteristics, increasingly rich content and very active 。 At the same time, Chinese herbal medicine additives have their own unique connotation Today, people in the world call for green food, which is born according to the times It is not only the product of the times, but also the needs of the times 1 Chinese herbal medicine additives have rich contents: 1 Chinese herbal medicine additives have a long history Most Chinese veterinary prescriptions are mainly used to treat diseases, but they are also recorded in some books as additives More than 3000 years ago in China, it was recorded in the Shennong materia medica that "ziye feed pig is three times bigger" Later books such as "Huainan Wanbi Shu" recorded that "take three liters of pockmarks, pound more than a thousand pestles, boil them into a soup, use one liter of salt and three Dendrobium bran to feed the porpoise, then it will be fat." "Tonghua and ye feed pigs are extremely fat and easy to raise" is recorded in the book of natural history "Compendium of Materia Medica" contains "cereal grass, which can be fed to horses for fertilizer", "Uncaria into several inches of wheat, cooked, fed to horses for fertilizer" "Three agricultural records" contains "pockmarks and grains are fried and cooked to feed chickens, and eggs are not laid every day" It also contains the pig fattening method "Guanzhong three jin, Atractylodes four Liang, sesame one liter, soybeans one Dou, fried, for the end, and chaff feeding, drinking fresh water" It also contains the chicken plague prevention method "alum, realgar, licorice for the end, rice dressing for chickens, can prevent and control chicken plague" It is recorded in the living animal Cizhou that "it is fed with wine vinegar, distiller's yeast and children's excrement together with bran, which can refresh the spleen and benefit the stomach, avoid eating without fat", "one liter of hemp kernel, four liang of distiller's yeast, half a jin of salt, one jin of tangerine peel and one or two of Amomum kernels It is often fed with dross and even, but the stomach is fat within ten days", "it's easy to be strong to eat hook kiss, it's easy to eat citronella, and it's easy to eat Epimedium" These ancient Chinese veterinary books record that Chinese herbal medicine is used in livestock and poultry to promote growth, change production performance and prevent diseases, which has reflected the rudiment of Chinese herbal medicine additives It reflects the ancients' understanding and application of traditional Chinese medicine as an additive 2 In addition to the valuable wealth left by the ancients, in recent decades, people's unremitting research and Practice on Chinese herbal additives have greatly enriched the content of Chinese herbal additives There are thousands of research papers Researchers use different drugs, different animals, or the same kind of drugs to different animals, or different drugs to the same kind of animals, or to prevent diseases, or to promote growth, or to improve quality or change production performance, and so on Its scope is increasingly wide From the initial study of malt, Shenqu, hawthorn and other appetizers to the present study of more than 500 kinds of drugs; from the initial study of pigs, chickens, to the present study of pigs, chickens, cattle, sheep, dogs, rabbits, geese, ducks, horses and other livestock and poultry; the research area is broader, from the initial study of Chinese herbal medicine to promote growth and prevent diseases Until now, we have studied various fields of Chinese herbal medicine, such as improving palatability, immune function, disease resistance, stress resistance, survival rate, production performance, quality and preservation The research depth is deeper, and the research on the efficacy is from opening the taste and strengthening the spleen to eliminating food and stagnation, strengthening the spleen and Qi, promoting lung and phlegm, clearing away heat and toxin, expelling insects and accumulating, invigorating qi and Yang, nourishing blood and Yin, seasoning and inducing food, etc From the study of the effective ingredients of single medicine to the synergistic effect of multi medicine, as well as the joint effect of Chinese herbal medicine and microelements, vitamins, amino acids, etc The understanding of the effective components of single medicine is from simple to deep For example, the research of ginseng has changed from the initial recognition of ginsenoside regulating substance metabolism to the later recognition of ginsenoside's insulin-like physiological function, ginsenoside improving immunity, ginsenoside anti-inflammatory effect, as well as ginseng amino acid, peptide, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, niacin, pantothenic acid and other effective ingredients The study of other drugs is also based on the initial recognition of a small amount of active ingredients, and later recognition of more, the ingredients that were initially considered useless were later confirmed as effective The whole research trend is from simple to complex, from shallow to deep, from coarse to fine, from deep to deep, increasingly complex What's more, these traditional Chinese medicine additives have entered the market from the laboratory, and are widely used in practical application Their efficacy and characteristics are recognized by practice, and the number of manufacturers of traditional Chinese medicine additives is increasing It shows the broad prospect and vigorous vitality of traditional Chinese medicine additives 3 The traditional Chinese medicine additive science has the guiding ideology and theoretical system The traditional Chinese medicine additive is based on the basic theory of Chinese veterinary medicine: Yin and Yang, five elements, Zang Xiang, Qi and blood body fluid, meridians, etiology, pathogenesis, treatment principles, etc., and guided by the overall concept and dialectical treatment, which runs through the whole process of traditional Chinese medicine additive science Take the animal as an organic whole, the animal and the environment as a whole, select different Chinese herbal medicine additives for different livestock and poultry, different age stages, different feed management, different environmental conditions, dialectically to meet various needs of livestock and poultry In terms of drug use, it is also selected according to the four Qi and five flavor of traditional Chinese medicine, ups and downs, meridian tropism, compatibility taboo, etc Chinese herbal medicine additive science is originated from Chinese veterinary medicine, Chinese Veterinary Pharmacology and Chinese veterinary prescription science Its theoretical system is basically the same, and the law of drug use is similar 4 The science of Chinese herbal medicine additives has its own terminology to explain the principle of Chinese herbal medicine additives as additives Most of the functions of chemical drug additives are explained from microelements, vitamins, proteins, amino acids, hormone drugs, immunity, antibacterial agents, bacteriostatic agents and so on, while Chinese herbal medicine additives have its own terminology to explain the functions of Chinese herbal medicine For example, for spleen, there are appetizers, dampness and spleen invigorating, harmony and spleen invigorating, aromatics and invigorating spleen, invigorating spleen and Qi, invigorating spleen and dampness, invigorating spleen and dampness, etc for stomach, there are tonifying and stomach, harmony and digestion, helping spleen and stomach, invigorating stomach and digestion, etc for other terms, such as eliminating food and stagnation, regulating qi and digestion, promoting lung and phlegm, promoting lung and dampness, relieving cough and asthma, eliminating accumulation and phlegm, promoting blood circulation and blood stasis, clearing heat and detoxification Many terms, such as clearing away heat and dampness, removing cold and dampness, expelling insects and accumulating, invigorating qi and Yang, nourishing blood and Yin, nourishing essence and marrow, seasoning and inducing food, explain the mechanism of Chinese herbal medicine additives Although the explanation of these terms is not as detailed as that of Western medicine additives, on the whole, its grasp is more characteristic, which is exactly the characteristics of Chinese herbal medicine additives 2 The significance of studying Chinese herbal medicine additive 1 Developing Chinese veterinary medicine Chinese herbal medicine additive is a part of Chinese veterinary medicine, Chinese Veterinary Pharmacology and Chinese veterinary prescription Its production is the continuous enrichment, enrichment and development of Chinese veterinary medicine, and the inheritance and development of Chinese veterinary medicine Chinese herbal medicine additive is another branch formed by veterinary science of the motherland Its relationship is like that between the main stem and the branches and leaves Without the main stem, the branches and leaves have no place, and without the branches and leaves, the branches and leaves have no luxuriance It is a great blessing for the development of Chinese herbal medicine to make the veterinary medicine more prosperous 2 Develop new feed additive, Tiandi medicine residue, which directly affects food safety and health, FAO / who and other international organizations have discussed the problem of drug residues for many times With China's accession to the WTO, China must implement international standards, and Chinese herbal additives are no exception Fortunately, there are almost no problems of drug residues in Chinese herbal additives There are 124 countries in the world that have established various traditional Chinese medicine institutions Traditional Chinese medicine has developed well in Japan, South Korea, Southeast Asia and other countries It has a legal status in Australia China and the European Union also relaxed restrictions on traditional Chinese medicine Chinese herbal medicine has gone to the world Chinese herbal medicine originates from nature and has a harmonious unity with nature Some researches believe that the active substances of Chinese herbal medicine are generally conducive to the improvement of beneficial microorganisms and animal immunity, so as to inhibit or kill harmful microorganisms and achieve the purpose of preventing animal epidemics and promoting animal growth Chinese herbal medicine has experienced thousands of years of practice The side effects of single medicine and how to reduce the side effects in compound medicine, It has been recorded in the theory of Chinese veterinary medicine for a long time that Chinese herbal medicine additive is a kind of green additive for safety and health Studying Chinese herbal medicine additive, establishing a complete academic system of integration of Chinese and Western medicine, making the people of the world know, understand and accept it, exploring and utilizing this natural resource together, pushing Chinese herbal medicine additive as a green additive to the world will undoubtedly make the feed additive market different Heaven and earth 3 The in-depth study of the Chinese herbal medicine additives of the new drugs has a guiding effect on the new drugs According to the chemical molecular structure of the active substance, researchers can produce new drugs For example, a German company based on the molecular structure of Changshan ketone, the effective component of this traditional Chinese medicine, and then combined into a chemical drug, named Sudan, widely used in coccidiosis, with good effect According to the structure of the active substances, the researchers can also select the similar substances and look for other Chinese herbal additives 4 Economic and social benefits It is predicted that feed additives have a good development trend and a broad market and potential From the advantages of the above mentioned Chinese herbal additives in various fields, it can be seen that Chinese herbal additives are expected to occupy a large share in feed additives due to their low price, high efficiency and no drug residue It can also make our products enter the international market, and make our livestock products enter the international market, which contributes to the prosperity of feed market, the prosperity of economy and the stability of society, showing attractive economic and social benefits 3 Problems existing in the research of Chinese herbal medicine additive 1 The principle of action of Chinese herbal medicine additive We can not only use the terminology of Chinese veterinary medicine to explain the role of Chinese herbal medicine additive, but also deeply define its mechanism of action, and clarify the absorption, distribution, function, nutritional metabolism process, excretion of its effective ingredients, so that the research can be expanded to the micro aspect To clarify the action principle of Chinese herbal medicine additives to promote the theoretical integration of Chinese and Western medicine, the pharmacological action of Chinese herbal medicine additives is a development direction of Chinese herbal medicine additives, and also a theoretical chip for Chinese herbal medicine additives to go to the international market 2 The regulation of Chinese herbal medicine additives: to enter the market and commercialize, Chinese herbal medicine additives must be standardized Because of the complexity of the components of Chinese herbal medicine, the different places of origin, different collection time, different brewing methods and other reasons, the curative effect and drug properties of Chinese herbal medicine are quite different, which brings many difficulties to the evaluation of the efficacy of Chinese herbal medicine additives and the quality control of the effective components, especially the compound preparation of Chinese herbal medicine additives is not a simple addition of multiple drugs, its activity is It is more complex to use advanced science and technology for qualitative and quantitative determination Modern science and technology have