[Nature] "It is a drug that is three points toxins"-the impact of drugs on intestinal microbes may be greater than we thought

This article is original by Translational Medicine Network.
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Author: Daisy Guide: December 8th, published in "Nature".
The research shows that many commonly used drugs, including those used to treat cardiometabolic disorders and antibiotics, are harmful to our intestines.
Microbes have a powerful influence
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The study included a comprehensive multi-omics analysis of 2,173 European residents, showing that the drug's explanatory power for the variability of host and gut microbiome characteristics exceeds the disease
.

Analysis of the effects of 28 different drugs and several drug combinations showed that many drugs have a negative impact on the composition and state of intestinal bacteria
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Several antibiotics also showed a quantitative relationship between the number of prescribed courses of treatment and the progression to the microbiome status related to the severity of cardiometabolic diseases
.

But now, researchers have a powerful computational framework that can unravel the effects of drugs and diseases on host and microbiome characteristics in multi-drug individuals
.

It is hoped that these results can provide potential help for the reuse of drugs and the development of individualized treatment and prevention strategies
.

We are one of the generations who use medicine the most on our planet
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The prevalence of cardiometabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes, obesity and coronary artery disease continues to rise, and together constitute the highest cause of death in the world
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Affected people usually need to take multiple drugs every day for months or even years
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This may affect the increasing abnormalities of the gut microbiome and serum metabolome and complicate the discovery of biomarkers
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The Bork team of the European Molecular Biology Laboratory in Heidelberg, in cooperation with a European Union of more than 20 European research institutes, has now shown that many commonly used drugs have a powerful effect on our gut microbes
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These drugs include those used to treat cardiometabolic disorders and antibiotics
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The results of the study were published in the journal Nature on December 8, and an article entitled "Combinatorial, additive and dose-dependent drug–microbiome associations" was published: https:// -021-04177-9 The gut microbiome is composed of billions of microorganisms that are essential to the normal function of the human body
.

Peer Bork, Director of Scientific Activities of the European Molecular Biology Laboratory in Heidelberg, explained: “We analyzed the effects of 28 different drugs and several drug combinations.
Many drugs have a negative impact on the composition and state of intestinal bacteria, but some drug combinations and The cumulative effect shows that the metabolome and microbiome are turned to a healthier state.
For example, statins combined with aspirin can synergistically reduce serum atherosclerotic lipoproteins, which may have a positive impact on the intestinal microbiota
.

We found that it is related to disease and diet Combined with smoking, the effect of drugs on the host microbiome is more obvious
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" Earlier, "Nature" published a study on "Extensive impact of non-antibiotic drugs on human gut bacteria": https://www.
nature.
com/articles/nature25979 We all understand that antibiotics cannot be "abuse".
The abuse of antibiotics will not only make germs resistant, but may also kill the "good bacteria" in the intestinal tract
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But besides antibiotics, will other drugs affect the balance of intestinal flora? The study found an unfortunate fact-one quarter of the more than 1,000 commonly used drugs may disrupt the intestinal flora, and 40 drugs can even affect more than 10 intestinal strains
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Most of them are not antibiotics
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Many drugs can cause changes in a variety of intestinal flora.
Although the negative and lasting effects of antibiotics on intestinal bacteria are well known, this new study shows that this effect may accumulate over time
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Sofia Forslund, the first author of the study, a former postdoctoral researcher in the Bork team and now head of the Max Delbrück Molecular Medicine Center (MDC) in Berlin, said: "We found that the gut microbiome of patients who took multiple courses of antibiotics within five years became Unhealthy, which includes signs of antimicrobial resistance
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"Several antibiotics show a quantitative relationship between the number of prescribed courses of treatment and the progression to the microbiome status related to the severity of cardiometabolic disease
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Co-first authors, EMBL Heidelberg leaders and former postdoctoral Maria Zimmermann Kogadeeva said: "We want to distinguish the impact of the disease on the host microorganism populations from the effects of drugs, especially while patients taking multiple medications
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Through the queue from MetaCardis Comprehensive multi-omics analysis of 2173 European residents
.
The
large cohort also allowed researchers to determine that the dosage of prescription drugs also had a significant impact on the level of microbiome
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Researchers reported on cardiometabolic drug dosages, clinical markers improvements, and microbial composition.
The relationship between the two supports direct drug effects
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Rima Chakaroun, one of the main authors of the study and a clinical scientist at Leipzig University Medical Center, added: "We know that the microbiome can reflect the health of patients and provide a series of biomarkers to assess the severity of the disease
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However, what is often overlooked is that drugs used to treat diseases can also affect the state of the microbiome
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“Dr.
Chakaroun is currently a post-doctoral researcher at the Wallenberg Laboratory of the University of Gothenburg
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By developing a statistical method to explain the effects of multiple confounding factors, researchers can sort out the effects of drugs and diseases separately
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Professor Bork said: “We now have A powerful methodological framework that can unravel the effects of drugs and diseases on the host and microbiota characteristics in individuals treated with multiple drugs
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This allows us to prove that drugs can mask the characteristics of the disease and hide potential biomarkers or therapeutic targets
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"Researchers hope that these results can provide potential help for the reuse of drugs and the development of individualized treatment and prevention strategies
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The study combines the insights, knowledge and methods of experts from six countries
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Dr.
Zimmermann Kogadeeva said: " The collaboration of an interdisciplinary team of clinicians, bioinformatics and computational systems biologists to promote our understanding of molecular interactions in cardiometabolic diseases is very motivating
.

"Reference material: https://medicalxpress.
com/news/2021-12-impact-drugs-gut-microbes-greater.
html Note: This article is intended to introduce the progress of medical research and cannot be used as a reference for treatment plans
.

If you need health guidance , Please go to a regular hospital
.

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