Microbes hold the secret to eternal youth: improving cognition

We all want to live a long, healthy and fulfilling li. We have been on the road to eternal youth without stopping, but today we are not looking for a hiding place for elixir, but through scientific methods to maintain harmony Rejuvenate you. Aging can manifest in many ways, it can manifest in our skin as well as in our brain function (thought, cognition and behavio. Earlier we discussed the role of microbes in beautifying the skin (see: Microbes hide the secret of eternal youth: beautifying the skin), today we will talk about the impact of microbes on brain function, mainly cognitive functi. In the past, we thought our way of working was top-down, with the brain controlling every part of the bo. The process seems simple, the body receives signals from the brain through the nerves, and the body obe. However, it seems that the truth is not so simp. It seems that the nerves do not play their full ro. In recent years, more and more studies have shown that the microbes in the gut have something to say about th. They are in constant communication with the brain, directly or indirectly affecting our bra. Gut-Brain AxisThe brain controls how our gut functions, and the gut affects our brain function, and this interaction is reciprocal and occurs along a pathway commonly referred to as the "gut-brain ax. " The vagus nerve is the main neural connection between the brain and the g. It runs from the brain down to the various organs and transmits signals from the brain to neurons in the g. There are as many neurons in the gut as the brain, and together they form a powerful communication cent. So, how does the gut microbiome affect the brain? A growing body of data suggests that microbes talk to the brain through three main pathways:Neural pathways: Gut microbes can directly influence gut signals to the brain by affecting gut neurons that are directly connected to the vagus ner. Endocrine pathways: Gut microbes can participate in the synthesis of several chemicals, including neurotransmitters and hormones, that can signal to the brain through other neural networ. Immune pathway: The immune system is directly connected to the nervous system of our whole body, and there is a close interaction between the intestinal flora and the intestinal immune system, which will participate in the regulation of our immune syst. The body has two main barriers that physically separate the gut from the brain and complicate communication: thegut wall barrierThe gut is a tube that runs through our entire body, and what's in the gut lumen actually also Considered to be outside of our body, it only really enters the body when it is absorbed through the intestinal wall and into the bloodstre. Our gut wall barrier confines undigested food and microbes to the gut lumen and transports nutrients from the gut lumen into the body for energy u. Several animal studies have shown that increased permeability of the gut wall, known as leaky gut, can have a major impact on the bra. When things like microbes and undigested food that shouldn't get in leak into the body, there's an immediate inflammatory respon. We can think of it as a tactical military strike trying to prevent invading microbes from entering the body, a line of defense against foreign infecti. Just like in real combat, chronic inflammation can do a lot of damage to our body, even as it tries to protect our bo. This can lead to brain proble. The blood-brain barrieris formed by specialized endothelial cells that line the blood vessels of the bra. So while there are many blood vessels in the brain, their contents are separated and only specific nutrients and oxygen are transported throu. The blood-brain barrier is extremely efficient at preventing most things from entering the brain, which is why it is so difficult to deliver drugs to the bra. Some animal studies suggest that microbes are required to fully form this barrier Blood-brain barrier permeability increases in germ-free animals because microbes affect the expression of key proteins that form the seal between endothelial cells that bind cells together to form the barri. If germ-free animals were recolonized with gut microbes, their blood-brain barrier was restor. In an aging brain,we may often find ourselves unable to remember something, such as forgetting where the keys are, or forgetting a person's na. When we were young, we mostly didn't care much about this, however, as we get older, we may become more and more concerned about whether it means anythi. Nearly 40 percent of people over the age of 65 experience some form of memory loss, known as "aging-related memory disord. " This is often considered a normal part of aging because getting older means all parts of our bodies work slower, including the bra. Dementia, which involves the loss of mental functions such as thinking, memory, and reasoning, is what many older people fear most when they start to experience this conditi. In our lives, in movies, we've all seen victims of advanced dementia who either don't recognize their children, don't remember their way home, or yell for no reas. Every three seconds in the world, there is a new case of dementia, memory loss, confusion, irritability, stupor, and even the inability to speak or recognize ordinary things, and we are naturally afraid of being like th. People often confuse normal aging-related memory loss with dement. Dementia involves cognitive impairment that is severe enough to interfere with a person's daily life and function, it is not a normal part of aging, it includes a group of symptoms of mental impairment caused by many different diseases and conditions, such as Alzheimer's disease , Lewy body disease, cerebrovascular disease and other cognitive impairmen. Aging does not cause dementia, however, aging is the biggest risk fact. In other words, dementia can happen to anyone, but it's more common after age 65 About 4 in 1,000 people aged 60-64 are diagnosed with dementia, compared with 105 in 1,000 people aged 90 and old. Memory declines with age: what's normal?- Normal memory changes associated with aging:occasional memory errors, but is able to live independently and participate in daily activities;remember and describe forgetful moments;may stop to recall directions, but does not get lost in familiar places;sometimes very Difficulty finding the right words, but no problem communicating;maintains judgment and decision-making skil. - Symptoms that may indicate dementia:Difficulty completing simple everyday tasks, such as paying bills, bathing, and dressing appropriately;forgetting how to do things that have been done many times;inability to remember or describe important forgetful moments 　　; Getting lost in places and unable to find directions; 　　frequently forgetting, misusing, or talking indiscriminately; 　　frequently repeating lines and stories from the same conversation; 　　having trouble making choices and making good judgments; 　　inappropriate behavi. 　　Dementia and Alzheimer's Disease 　　We've all been called by a teacher at school without knowing the answ. We feel nervous, voice trembling, sweaty palms and flushed fa. Alzheimer's patients sit in a giant classroom every day without knowing the right answ. People with this disorder are often confused, embarrassed, depressed, angry, lonely, and s. 　　Alzheimer's disease slowly and gradually damages nerve cells in the brain Forgetfulness is the first symptom in most people, which seems harmless, but gradually worsens as more brain cells are destroyed, to the point that some people can no longer speak coherently or take care of themselv. 　　Alzheimer's disease is now increasingly common, and it is estimated that about 50 million people in the world suffer from dementia, including Alzheimer's disea. It is estimated that by 2030, there will be 66 million people with dementia, and by 2050 this number will increase to 115 milli. People with Alzheimer's disease tend to live four to eight years after diagnosis, and some may live up to 20 yea. 　　So, what do microbes and dementia have to do with Alzheimer's disease? 　　Although only a few preliminary studies, all suggest that the gut microbiota may have a direct or indirect impact on these brain diseas. The incidence of Alzheimer's disease is much higher in developed countries, suggesting that improved hygiene and Western-style eating habits and their negative impact on the gut microbiota may be responsible for this phenomen. In addition, rural areas, which have a wide variety of exposure to beneficial microbes, have significantly fewer Alzheimer's cases than urban are. 　　High blood sugar levels are not healthy for the body and bra. Gut microbes play an important role in both diabetes and blood sugar leve. People with diabetes typically have higher blood sugar levels and are twice as likely to develop Alzheimer's disease, which is in fact sometimes informally referred to as "type 3 diabet. " 　　Inflammation is the body's immune system's normal response to trauma and the invasion of harmful bacter. It is both friend and foe, as inflammation is an important line of defense against acute threats, and chronic, nonspecific inflammation can be harmful to our bodi. It can seriously disturb the balance of flora in our body and lead to a series of chronic diseas. 　　Chronic low-grade inflammation is a particularly important risk factor for Alzheimer's disease Alzheimer's patients had three times the amount of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in their blood than healthy contro. LPS and other bacterial molecules trigger inflammation in our bodies, and our immune system responds quickly to these bacterial signals, believing a pathogen has invad. While useful for controlling infections, chronic inflammation is bad because it can cause severe cellular and tissue dama. Dementia and Alzheimer's patients have increased levels of many normal inflammatory markers circulating in their bodies, such as inflammatory cytokines, which indicate inflammation is taking pla. 　　We know that the permeability of the gut barrier and blood-brain barrier increases with age, making them less good at keeping less beneficial substances o. When they cross these barriers, we experience low-grade chronic inflammati. The gut microbes of Alzheimer's patients differed from those of unaffected controls, and this imbalance may lead to increased inflammation, including increased lipopolysaccharide relea. Alzheimer's patients also have increased blood-brain barrier permeability, which allows some inflammatory microbial products to enter the brain, triggering more inflammati. 　　Certain cells in the brain respond to inflammation by increasing the production of a molecule called beta-amylo. These proteins intertwine to form tangles that form plaques between nerve cells that make up the typical features seen in the brains of people with Alzheimer's disea. This neuroinflammation can also lead to other brain damage, leading to overall learning and memory impairment and cognitive decli. Multiple studies have shown that reducing inflammation can significantly reduce the risk of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disea. 　　The strongest link between microbes and Alzheimer's disease comes from traditional mouse models of Alzheimer's disea. In this model, the gut microbiota of diseased mice was very different from that of normal control mi. The researchers found that if the animals were reared in a sterile environment, they had more than 70 percent reduction in brain pathology and significantly less neuroinflammati. When these germ-free mice were recolonized with gut microbiota from diseased mice, they had a much higher incidence of pathology than when they were recolonized with gut microbiota from normal mi. 　　In recent years, claims that certain infections are associated with an increased risk of Alzheimer's disease, such as the herpes simplex virus HSV-1, Chlamydia pneumoniae, which causes pneumonia and eye infections, and Borrelia bacteria associated with Lyme disease,e. Increased inflammation in the brain caused by infection may trigger increased production of amyloid and the formation of plaques, which can lead to Alzheimer's disea. 　　How to prevent? 　　So how do we use this information to keep our brains healthy? While there is currently no cure for Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia, symptoms can be reduc. 　　Some drugs, such as donepezil, galantamine, memantine and rivastigmine, can slow the progression of neurodegenerative diseases, but we can also reduce our risk of dementia by proactively making changes to our lifestyle and diet, if already Having dementia can also reduce symptoms: 　　first, it’s important to stay away from tobacco and smoking, which deprive our brain cells of oxygen and vital nutrients; and 　　second, limit alcohol intake, including a glass of red wine a d. In addition to all the other dangers of drunkenness, binge drinking and heavy and consistent drinking can lead to alcohol-related brain dama. 　　Third, a healthy, balanced diet can help keep the brain from "rusting", and even increasing coffee intake can reduce the risk of Alzheimer's disease, which keeps gut microbes away from producing toxins and inflammati. 　　Given the link between diet and gut microbiota, there is growing compelling evidence that diet affects our brain health through gut microbio. Two randomized trials of the Mediterranean diet and the DASH diet (diet for high blood pressure prevention) found that following these diets prevented cognitive decli. 　　Using this information, researchers at Rush University Medical Center in Chicago have developed a new diet specifically designed to protect the brain called the MIND diet, short for Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay, or slowing down neurodegenerative chang. The Mediterranean-style and DASH dietary interventions mainly consist of eating more natural plant-based foods and limiting the intake of meat and high saturated fa. 　　The researchers deliberately included foods in their diets that had strong evidence to protect the brain from the effects of dement. For example, some studies have found that people who eat a lot of vegetables, especially leafy greens, experience slower cognitive decli. A large study using animals showed that berries may also protect the brain; in another, mice were fed grape seed extract and gut microbes digested them to produce phenolic acids, which increased 3-hydroxybenzene in the brain Accumulation of formic acid and 3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid, two acids thought to protect against Alzheimer's disea. 　　While more research is needed to confirm these results, the MIND diet clearly shows a promising approach to preventing cognitive decli. In a 2015 study, the MIND diet reduced the risk of Alzheimer's disease by 53 percent in participants who followed it careful. Even moderate adherence to this diet can reduce the risk of Alzheimer's by 3 Additionally, some components of the MIND diet have been shown to reduce the risk of high blood pressure, heart disease, and stro. 　　The beauty of this diet is that it's easy to follow, and it's good for our brains, and even if it's not strictly adhered to, it still boosts our gut flo. The following dietary recommendations can be used for reference: 　　eat green leafy vegetables every day, with other vegetables reasonably; 　　eat whole grains three times a 　　day; eat beans every other day; 　　berries, especially blueberries and strawberries, at least twice a week;　　Eat poultry at least twice 　　a week; fish at least once a week; 　　red meat no more than 4 servings a week; 　　more olive oil, less than a tablespoon per day of butter and margarine; 　　fried or fast food, less per week In one serving; 　　limit refined sugar and refined carbohydrates as much as possib. 　　In addition to a healthy diet, it is important to keep exercising throughout our liv. When our heart beats, blood flow to the brain increases, providing additional nutrien. Regular physical activity can reduce dementia risk factors, including high blood pressure, diabetes, and high cholesterol, among othe. Exercise can also affect gut microb. 　　There is growing and compelling evidence that regular aerobic exercise not only helps protect our brains from Alzheimer's disease and dementia, it can also improve patients' quality of li. Results from several randomized controlled trials suggest that people with Alzheimer's disease can achieve higher cognitive scores, improved memory status, feel more alert, organized, and less anxious, irritable, and depressed through aerobic exerci. 　　To sum up 　　aging, each of us is reluctant to face, but after all, we cannot esca. Aging not only manifests in our skin, but also in our brai. A major health challenge facing the elderly population is cognitive decline, which will become more severe as the global population ag. Maintaining a healthy brain and preventing cognitive decline is also an important part of maintaining youthful vitali. 　　The gut microbiota is a key regulator of brain heal. Dysbiosis of gut microbiota plays an important role in the development of dementia and Alzheimer's disease, and modulation of gut microbiota can delay or even reverse aging-related cognitive decline to a certain extent Studies have found that by transplanting fecal bacteria from young mice to old mice, it can help restore aging-related immune and neurocognitive impairments and help them restore youthful vitali. 　　A healthy diet and exercise are key to regulating your gut microbiome and the easiest and easiest way to maintain a healthy brain, prevent cognitive decline and maintain youthful vitali.      Disclaimer: This article only represents the author's personal opinion and has nothing to do with China Probiotics Netwo. Its originality and the text and content stated in the text have not been verified by this site, and this site does not make any guarantee or commitment to the authenticity, completeness and timeliness of this text and all or part of its content and te. Readers are only for reference and please Verify the relevant content yourse.      Copyright Notice     Some articles reproduced on this site are not original, and their copyright and responsibility belong to the original auth. All reprinted articles, links and pictures on this website are for the purpose of conveying more information, and the source and author are clearly indicat. Media or individuals who do not wish to be reprinted can contact us for infringing information that can provide sufficient eviden. , bio149 will be deleted within 12 hours after confirmati. Users are welcome to submit original articles to 86371366@. com, which will be published on the homepage after review, and the copyright and responsibility of the articles belong to the send.

　　We all want to live a long, healthy and fulfilling li.

We have been on the road to eternal youth without stopping, but today we are not looking for a hiding place for elixir, but through scientific methods to maintain harmony Rejuvenate you.

　　Aging can manifest in many ways, it can manifest in our skin as well as in our brain function (thought, cognition and behavio.

Earlier we discussed the role of microbes in beautifying the skin (see: Microbes hide the secret of eternal youth: beautifying the skin), today we will talk about the impact of microbes on brain function, mainly cognitive functi.

　　In the past, we thought our way of working was top-down, with the brain controlling every part of the bo.

The process seems simple, the body receives signals from the brain through the nerves, and the body obe.

However, it seems that the truth is not so simp.

It seems that the nerves do not play their full ro.

In recent years, more and more studies have shown that the microbes in the gut have something to say about th.

They are in constant communication with the brain, directly or indirectly affecting our bra.

　　Gut-Brain Axis 　　The brain controls how our gut functions, and the gut affects our brain function, and this interaction is reciprocal and occurs along a pathway commonly referred to as the "gut-brain ax.

" The vagus nerve is the main neural connection between the brain and the g.

It runs from the brain down to the various organs and transmits signals from the brain to neurons in the g.

There are as many neurons in the gut as the brain, and together they form a powerful communication cent.

　　So, how does the gut microbiome affect the brain? A growing body of data suggests that microbes talk to the brain through three main pathways: 　　Neural pathways: Gut microbes can directly influence gut signals to the brain by affecting gut neurons that are directly connected to the vagus ner.

　　Endocrine pathways: Gut microbes can participate in the synthesis of several chemicals, including neurotransmitters and hormones, that can signal to the brain through other neural networ.

　　Immune pathway: The immune system is directly connected to the nervous system of our whole body, and there is a close interaction between the intestinal flora and the intestinal immune system, which will participate in the regulation of our immune syst.

　　The body has two main barriers that physically separate the gut from the brain and complicate communication: the 　　gut wall barrier 　　The gut is a tube that runs through our entire body, and what's in the gut lumen actually also Considered to be outside of our body, it only really enters the body when it is absorbed through the intestinal wall and into the bloodstre.

Our gut wall barrier confines undigested food and microbes to the gut lumen and transports nutrients from the gut lumen into the body for energy u.

　　Several animal studies have shown that increased permeability of the gut wall, known as leaky gut, can have a major impact on the bra.

When things like microbes and undigested food that shouldn't get in leak into the body, there's an immediate inflammatory respon.

We can think of it as a tactical military strike trying to prevent invading microbes from entering the body, a line of defense against foreign infecti.

Just like in real combat, chronic inflammation can do a lot of damage to our body, even as it tries to protect our bo.

This can lead to brain proble.

　　The blood-brain barrier 　　is formed by specialized endothelial cells that line the blood vessels of the bra.

So while there are many blood vessels in the brain, their contents are separated and only specific nutrients and oxygen are transported throu.

The blood-brain barrier is extremely efficient at preventing most things from entering the brain, which is why it is so difficult to deliver drugs to the bra.

　　Some animal studies suggest that microbes are required to fully form this barrier
Blood-brain barrier permeability increases in germ-free animals because microbes affect the expression of key proteins that form the seal between endothelial cells that bind cells together to form the barri.

If germ-free animals were recolonized with gut microbes, their blood-brain barrier was restor.

　　In an aging brain, 　　we may often find ourselves unable to remember something, such as forgetting where the keys are, or forgetting a person's na.

When we were young, we mostly didn't care much about this, however, as we get older, we may become more and more concerned about whether it means anythi.

　　Nearly 40 percent of people over the age of 65 experience some form of memory loss, known as "aging-related memory disord.

" This is often considered a normal part of aging because getting older means all parts of our bodies work slower, including the bra.

Dementia, which involves the loss of mental functions such as thinking, memory, and reasoning, is what many older people fear most when they start to experience this conditi.

　　In our lives, in movies, we've all seen victims of advanced dementia who either don't recognize their children, don't remember their way home, or yell for no reas.

Every three seconds in the world, there is a new case of dementia, memory loss, confusion, irritability, stupor, and even the inability to speak or recognize ordinary things, and we are naturally afraid of being like th.

　　People often confuse normal aging-related memory loss with dement.

Dementia involves cognitive impairment that is severe enough to interfere with a person's daily life and function, it is not a normal part of aging, it includes a group of symptoms of mental impairment caused by many different diseases and conditions, such as Alzheimer's disease , Lewy body disease, cerebrovascular disease and other cognitive impairmen.

Aging does not cause dementia, however, aging is the biggest risk fact.

In other words, dementia can happen to anyone, but it's more common after age 65
About 4 in 1,000 people aged 60-64 are diagnosed with dementia, compared with 105 in 1,000 people aged 90 and old.

　　Memory declines with age: what's normal? 　　- Normal memory changes associated with aging: 　　occasional memory errors, but is able to live independently and participate in daily activities; 　　remember and describe forgetful moments; 　　may stop to recall directions, but does not get lost in familiar places; 　　sometimes very Difficulty finding the right words, but no problem communicating; 　　maintains judgment and decision-making skil.

　　- Symptoms that may indicate dementia: 　　Difficulty completing simple everyday tasks, such as paying bills, bathing, and dressing appropriately; 　　forgetting how to do things that have been done many times; 　　inability to remember or describe important forgetful moments 　　; Getting lost in places and unable to find directions; 　　frequently forgetting, misusing, or talking indiscriminately; 　　frequently repeating lines and stories from the same conversation; 　　having trouble making choices and making good judgments; 　　inappropriate behavi.

　　Dementia and Alzheimer's Disease 　　We've all been called by a teacher at school without knowing the answ.

We feel nervous, voice trembling, sweaty palms and flushed fa.

Alzheimer's patients sit in a giant classroom every day without knowing the right answ.

People with this disorder are often confused, embarrassed, depressed, angry, lonely, and s.

　　Alzheimer's disease slowly and gradually damages nerve cells in the brain
Forgetfulness is the first symptom in most people, which seems harmless, but gradually worsens as more brain cells are destroyed, to the point that some people can no longer speak coherently or take care of themselv.

　　Alzheimer's disease is now increasingly common, and it is estimated that about 50 million people in the world suffer from dementia, including Alzheimer's disea.

It is estimated that by 2030, there will be 66 million people with dementia, and by 2050 this number will increase to 115 milli.

People with Alzheimer's disease tend to live four to eight years after diagnosis, and some may live up to 20 yea.

　　So, what do microbes and dementia have to do with Alzheimer's disease? 　　Although only a few preliminary studies, all suggest that the gut microbiota may have a direct or indirect impact on these brain diseas.

The incidence of Alzheimer's disease is much higher in developed countries, suggesting that improved hygiene and Western-style eating habits and their negative impact on the gut microbiota may be responsible for this phenomen.

In addition, rural areas, which have a wide variety of exposure to beneficial microbes, have significantly fewer Alzheimer's cases than urban are.

　　High blood sugar levels are not healthy for the body and bra.

Gut microbes play an important role in both diabetes and blood sugar leve.

People with diabetes typically have higher blood sugar levels and are twice as likely to develop Alzheimer's disease, which is in fact sometimes informally referred to as "type 3 diabet.

" 　　Inflammation is the body's immune system's normal response to trauma and the invasion of harmful bacter.

It is both friend and foe, as inflammation is an important line of defense against acute threats, and chronic, nonspecific inflammation can be harmful to our bodi.

It can seriously disturb the balance of flora in our body and lead to a series of chronic diseas.

　　Chronic low-grade inflammation is a particularly important risk factor for Alzheimer's disease
Alzheimer's patients had three times the amount of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in their blood than healthy contro.

LPS and other bacterial molecules trigger inflammation in our bodies, and our immune system responds quickly to these bacterial signals, believing a pathogen has invad.

While useful for controlling infections, chronic inflammation is bad because it can cause severe cellular and tissue dama.

Dementia and Alzheimer's patients have increased levels of many normal inflammatory markers circulating in their bodies, such as inflammatory cytokines, which indicate inflammation is taking pla.

　　We know that the permeability of the gut barrier and blood-brain barrier increases with age, making them less good at keeping less beneficial substances o.

When they cross these barriers, we experience low-grade chronic inflammati.

The gut microbes of Alzheimer's patients differed from those of unaffected controls, and this imbalance may lead to increased inflammation, including increased lipopolysaccharide relea.

Alzheimer's patients also have increased blood-brain barrier permeability, which allows some inflammatory microbial products to enter the brain, triggering more inflammati.

　　Certain cells in the brain respond to inflammation by increasing the production of a molecule called beta-amylo.

These proteins intertwine to form tangles that form plaques between nerve cells that make up the typical features seen in the brains of people with Alzheimer's disea.

This neuroinflammation can also lead to other brain damage, leading to overall learning and memory impairment and cognitive decli.

Multiple studies have shown that reducing inflammation can significantly reduce the risk of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disea.

　　The strongest link between microbes and Alzheimer's disease comes from traditional mouse models of Alzheimer's disea.

In this model, the gut microbiota of diseased mice was very different from that of normal control mi.

The researchers found that if the animals were reared in a sterile environment, they had more than 70 percent reduction in brain pathology and significantly less neuroinflammati.
When these germ-free mice were recolonized with gut microbiota from diseased mice, they had a much higher incidence of pathology than when they were recolonized with gut microbiota from normal mi.

　　In recent years, claims that certain infections are associated with an increased risk of Alzheimer's disease, such as the herpes simplex virus HSV-1, Chlamydia pneumoniae, which causes pneumonia and eye infections, and Borrelia bacteria associated with Lyme disease,e.

Increased inflammation in the brain caused by infection may trigger increased production of amyloid and the formation of plaques, which can lead to Alzheimer's disea.

　　How to prevent? 　　So how do we use this information to keep our brains healthy? While there is currently no cure for Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia, symptoms can be reduc.

　　Some drugs, such as donepezil, galantamine, memantine and rivastigmine, can slow the progression of neurodegenerative diseases, but we can also reduce our risk of dementia by proactively making changes to our lifestyle and diet, if already Having dementia can also reduce symptoms: 　　first, it’s important to stay away from tobacco and smoking, which deprive our brain cells of oxygen and vital nutrients; and 　　second, limit alcohol intake, including a glass of red wine a d.

In addition to all the other dangers of drunkenness, binge drinking and heavy and consistent drinking can lead to alcohol-related brain dama.

　　Third, a healthy, balanced diet can help keep the brain from "rusting", and even increasing coffee intake can reduce the risk of Alzheimer's disease, which keeps gut microbes away from producing toxins and inflammati.

　　Given the link between diet and gut microbiota, there is growing compelling evidence that diet affects our brain health through gut microbio.

Two randomized trials of the Mediterranean diet and the DASH diet (diet for high blood pressure prevention) found that following these diets prevented cognitive decli.

　　Using this information, researchers at Rush University Medical Center in Chicago have developed a new diet specifically designed to protect the brain called the MIND diet, short for Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay, or slowing down neurodegenerative chang.

The Mediterranean-style and DASH dietary interventions mainly consist of eating more natural plant-based foods and limiting the intake of meat and high saturated fa.

　　The researchers deliberately included foods in their diets that had strong evidence to protect the brain from the effects of dement.

For example, some studies have found that people who eat a lot of vegetables, especially leafy greens, experience slower cognitive decli.

A large study using animals showed that berries may also protect the brain; in another, mice were fed grape seed extract and gut microbes digested them to produce phenolic acids, which increased 3-hydroxybenzene in the brain Accumulation of formic acid and 3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid, two acids thought to protect against Alzheimer's disea.

　　While more research is needed to confirm these results, the MIND diet clearly shows a promising approach to preventing cognitive decli.

In a 2015 study, the MIND diet reduced the risk of Alzheimer's disease by 53 percent in participants who followed it careful.

Even moderate adherence to this diet can reduce the risk of Alzheimer's by 3
Additionally, some components of the MIND diet have been shown to reduce the risk of high blood pressure, heart disease, and stro.

　　The beauty of this diet is that it's easy to follow, and it's good for our brains, and even if it's not strictly adhered to, it still boosts our gut flo.

The following dietary recommendations can be used for reference: 　　eat green leafy vegetables every day, with other vegetables reasonably; 　　eat whole grains three times a 　　day; eat beans every other day; 　　berries, especially blueberries and strawberries, at least twice a week;　　Eat poultry at least twice 　　a week; fish at least once a week; 　　red meat no more than 4 servings a week; 　　more olive oil, less than a tablespoon per day of butter and margarine; 　　fried or fast food, less per week In one serving; 　　limit refined sugar and refined carbohydrates as much as possib.

　　In addition to a healthy diet, it is important to keep exercising throughout our liv.

When our heart beats, blood flow to the brain increases, providing additional nutrien.

Regular physical activity can reduce dementia risk factors, including high blood pressure, diabetes, and high cholesterol, among othe.

Exercise can also affect gut microb.

　　There is growing and compelling evidence that regular aerobic exercise not only helps protect our brains from Alzheimer's disease and dementia, it can also improve patients' quality of li.

Results from several randomized controlled trials suggest that people with Alzheimer's disease can achieve higher cognitive scores, improved memory status, feel more alert, organized, and less anxious, irritable, and depressed through aerobic exerci.

　　To sum up 　　aging, each of us is reluctant to face, but after all, we cannot esca.

Aging not only manifests in our skin, but also in our brai.

A major health challenge facing the elderly population is cognitive decline, which will become more severe as the global population ag.

Maintaining a healthy brain and preventing cognitive decline is also an important part of maintaining youthful vitali.

　　The gut microbiota is a key regulator of brain heal.

Dysbiosis of gut microbiota plays an important role in the development of dementia and Alzheimer's disease, and modulation of gut microbiota can delay or even reverse aging-related cognitive decline to a certain extent
Studies have found that by transplanting fecal bacteria from young mice to old mice, it can help restore aging-related immune and neurocognitive impairments and help them restore youthful vitali.

　　A healthy diet and exercise are key to regulating your gut microbiome and the easiest and easiest way to maintain a healthy brain, prevent cognitive decline and maintain youthful vitali.

---

　　We all want to live a long, healthy and fulfilling li.

We have been on the road to eternal youth without stopping, but today we are not looking for a hiding place for elixir, but through scientific methods to maintain harmony Rejuvenate you.

　　Aging can manifest in many ways, it can manifest in our skin as well as in our brain function (thought, cognition and behavio.

Earlier we discussed the role of microbes in beautifying the skin (see: Microbes hide the secret of eternal youth: beautifying the skin), today we will talk about the impact of microbes on brain function, mainly cognitive functi.

　　In the past, we thought our way of working was top-down, with the brain controlling every part of the bo.

The process seems simple, the body receives signals from the brain through the nerves, and the body obe.

However, it seems that the truth is not so simp.

It seems that the nerves do not play their full ro.

In recent years, more and more studies have shown that the microbes in the gut have something to say about th.

They are in constant communication with the brain, directly or indirectly affecting our bra.

　　Gut-Brain Axis 　　The brain controls how our gut functions, and the gut affects our brain function, and this interaction is reciprocal and occurs along a pathway commonly referred to as the "gut-brain ax.

" The vagus nerve is the main neural connection between the brain and the g.

It runs from the brain down to the various organs and transmits signals from the brain to neurons in the g.

There are as many neurons in the gut as the brain, and together they form a powerful communication cent.

　　So, how does the gut microbiome affect the brain? A growing body of data suggests that microbes talk to the brain through three main pathways: 　　Neural pathways: Gut microbes can directly influence gut signals to the brain by affecting gut neurons that are directly connected to the vagus ner.

　　Endocrine pathways: Gut microbes can participate in the synthesis of several chemicals, including neurotransmitters and hormones, that can signal to the brain through other neural networ.

　　Immune pathway: The immune system is directly connected to the nervous system of our whole body, and there is a close interaction between the intestinal flora and the intestinal immune system, which will participate in the regulation of our immune syst.

　　The body has two main barriers that physically separate the gut from the brain and complicate communication: the 　　gut wall barrier 　　The gut is a tube that runs through our entire body, and what's in the gut lumen actually also Considered to be outside of our body, it only really enters the body when it is absorbed through the intestinal wall and into the bloodstre.

Our gut wall barrier confines undigested food and microbes to the gut lumen and transports nutrients from the gut lumen into the body for energy u.

　　Several animal studies have shown that increased permeability of the gut wall, known as leaky gut, can have a major impact on the bra.

When things like microbes and undigested food that shouldn't get in leak into the body, there's an immediate inflammatory respon.

We can think of it as a tactical military strike trying to prevent invading microbes from entering the body, a line of defense against foreign infecti.

Just like in real combat, chronic inflammation can do a lot of damage to our body, even as it tries to protect our bo.

This can lead to brain proble.

　　The blood-brain barrier 　　is formed by specialized endothelial cells that line the blood vessels of the bra.

So while there are many blood vessels in the brain, their contents are separated and only specific nutrients and oxygen are transported throu.

The blood-brain barrier is extremely efficient at preventing most things from entering the brain, which is why it is so difficult to deliver drugs to the bra.

　　Some animal studies suggest that microbes are required to fully form this barrier
Blood-brain barrier permeability increases in germ-free animals because microbes affect the expression of key proteins that form the seal between endothelial cells that bind cells together to form the barri.

If germ-free animals were recolonized with gut microbes, their blood-brain barrier was restor.

　　In an aging brain, 　　we may often find ourselves unable to remember something, such as forgetting where the keys are, or forgetting a person's na.

When we were young, we mostly didn't care much about this, however, as we get older, we may become more and more concerned about whether it means anythi.

　　Nearly 40 percent of people over the age of 65 experience some form of memory loss, known as "aging-related memory disord.

" This is often considered a normal part of aging because getting older means all parts of our bodies work slower, including the bra.

Dementia, which involves the loss of mental functions such as thinking, memory, and reasoning, is what many older people fear most when they start to experience this conditi.

　　In our lives, in movies, we've all seen victims of advanced dementia who either don't recognize their children, don't remember their way home, or yell for no reas.

Every three seconds in the world, there is a new case of dementia, memory loss, confusion, irritability, stupor, and even the inability to speak or recognize ordinary things, and we are naturally afraid of being like th.

　　People often confuse normal aging-related memory loss with dement.

Dementia involves cognitive impairment that is severe enough to interfere with a person's daily life and function, it is not a normal part of aging, it includes a group of symptoms of mental impairment caused by many different diseases and conditions, such as Alzheimer's disease , Lewy body disease, cerebrovascular disease and other cognitive impairmen.

Aging does not cause dementia, however, aging is the biggest risk fact.

In other words, dementia can happen to anyone, but it's more common after age 65
About 4 in 1,000 people aged 60-64 are diagnosed with dementia, compared with 105 in 1,000 people aged 90 and old.

　　Memory declines with age: what's normal? 　　- Normal memory changes associated with aging: 　　occasional memory errors, but is able to live independently and participate in daily activities; 　　remember and describe forgetful moments; 　　may stop to recall directions, but does not get lost in familiar places; 　　sometimes very Difficulty finding the right words, but no problem communicating; 　　maintains judgment and decision-making skil.

　　- Symptoms that may indicate dementia: 　　Difficulty completing simple everyday tasks, such as paying bills, bathing, and dressing appropriately; 　　forgetting how to do things that have been done many times; 　　inability to remember or describe important forgetful moments 　　; Getting lost in places and unable to find directions; 　　frequently forgetting, misusing, or talking indiscriminately; 　　frequently repeating lines and stories from the same conversation; 　　having trouble making choices and making good judgments; 　　inappropriate behavi.

　　Dementia and Alzheimer's Disease 　　We've all been called by a teacher at school without knowing the answ.

We feel nervous, voice trembling, sweaty palms and flushed fa.

Alzheimer's patients sit in a giant classroom every day without knowing the right answ.

People with this disorder are often confused, embarrassed, depressed, angry, lonely, and s.

　　Alzheimer's disease slowly and gradually damages nerve cells in the brain
Forgetfulness is the first symptom in most people, which seems harmless, but gradually worsens as more brain cells are destroyed, to the point that some people can no longer speak coherently or take care of themselv.

　　Alzheimer's disease is now increasingly common, and it is estimated that about 50 million people in the world suffer from dementia, including Alzheimer's disea.

It is estimated that by 2030, there will be 66 million people with dementia, and by 2050 this number will increase to 115 milli.

People with Alzheimer's disease tend to live four to eight years after diagnosis, and some may live up to 20 yea.

　　So, what do microbes and dementia have to do with Alzheimer's disease? 　　Although only a few preliminary studies, all suggest that the gut microbiota may have a direct or indirect impact on these brain diseas.

The incidence of Alzheimer's disease is much higher in developed countries, suggesting that improved hygiene and Western-style eating habits and their negative impact on the gut microbiota may be responsible for this phenomen.

In addition, rural areas, which have a wide variety of exposure to beneficial microbes, have significantly fewer Alzheimer's cases than urban are.

　　High blood sugar levels are not healthy for the body and bra.

Gut microbes play an important role in both diabetes and blood sugar leve.

People with diabetes typically have higher blood sugar levels and are twice as likely to develop Alzheimer's disease, which is in fact sometimes informally referred to as "type 3 diabet.

" 　　Inflammation is the body's immune system's normal response to trauma and the invasion of harmful bacter.

It is both friend and foe, as inflammation is an important line of defense against acute threats, and chronic, nonspecific inflammation can be harmful to our bodi.

It can seriously disturb the balance of flora in our body and lead to a series of chronic diseas.

　　Chronic low-grade inflammation is a particularly important risk factor for Alzheimer's disease
Alzheimer's patients had three times the amount of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in their blood than healthy contro.

LPS and other bacterial molecules trigger inflammation in our bodies, and our immune system responds quickly to these bacterial signals, believing a pathogen has invad.

While useful for controlling infections, chronic inflammation is bad because it can cause severe cellular and tissue dama.

Dementia and Alzheimer's patients have increased levels of many normal inflammatory markers circulating in their bodies, such as inflammatory cytokines, which indicate inflammation is taking pla.

　　We know that the permeability of the gut barrier and blood-brain barrier increases with age, making them less good at keeping less beneficial substances o.

When they cross these barriers, we experience low-grade chronic inflammati.

The gut microbes of Alzheimer's patients differed from those of unaffected controls, and this imbalance may lead to increased inflammation, including increased lipopolysaccharide relea.

Alzheimer's patients also have increased blood-brain barrier permeability, which allows some inflammatory microbial products to enter the brain, triggering more inflammati.

　　Certain cells in the brain respond to inflammation by increasing the production of a molecule called beta-amylo.

These proteins intertwine to form tangles that form plaques between nerve cells that make up the typical features seen in the brains of people with Alzheimer's disea.

This neuroinflammation can also lead to other brain damage, leading to overall learning and memory impairment and cognitive decli.

Multiple studies have shown that reducing inflammation can significantly reduce the risk of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disea.

　　The strongest link between microbes and Alzheimer's disease comes from traditional mouse models of Alzheimer's disea.

In this model, the gut microbiota of diseased mice was very different from that of normal control mi.

The researchers found that if the animals were reared in a sterile environment, they had more than 70 percent reduction in brain pathology and significantly less neuroinflammati.
When these germ-free mice were recolonized with gut microbiota from diseased mice, they had a much higher incidence of pathology than when they were recolonized with gut microbiota from normal mi.

　　In recent years, claims that certain infections are associated with an increased risk of Alzheimer's disease, such as the herpes simplex virus HSV-1, Chlamydia pneumoniae, which causes pneumonia and eye infections, and Borrelia bacteria associated with Lyme disease,e.

Increased inflammation in the brain caused by infection may trigger increased production of amyloid and the formation of plaques, which can lead to Alzheimer's disea.

　　How to prevent? 　　So how do we use this information to keep our brains healthy? While there is currently no cure for Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia, symptoms can be reduc.

　　Some drugs, such as donepezil, galantamine, memantine and rivastigmine, can slow the progression of neurodegenerative diseases, but we can also reduce our risk of dementia by proactively making changes to our lifestyle and diet, if already Having dementia can also reduce symptoms: 　　first, it’s important to stay away from tobacco and smoking, which deprive our brain cells of oxygen and vital nutrients; and 　　second, limit alcohol intake, including a glass of red wine a d.

In addition to all the other dangers of drunkenness, binge drinking and heavy and consistent drinking can lead to alcohol-related brain dama.

　　Third, a healthy, balanced diet can help keep the brain from "rusting", and even increasing coffee intake can reduce the risk of Alzheimer's disease, which keeps gut microbes away from producing toxins and inflammati.

　　Given the link between diet and gut microbiota, there is growing compelling evidence that diet affects our brain health through gut microbio.

Two randomized trials of the Mediterranean diet and the DASH diet (diet for high blood pressure prevention) found that following these diets prevented cognitive decli.

　　Using this information, researchers at Rush University Medical Center in Chicago have developed a new diet specifically designed to protect the brain called the MIND diet, short for Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay, or slowing down neurodegenerative chang.

The Mediterranean-style and DASH dietary interventions mainly consist of eating more natural plant-based foods and limiting the intake of meat and high saturated fa.

　　The researchers deliberately included foods in their diets that had strong evidence to protect the brain from the effects of dement.

For example, some studies have found that people who eat a lot of vegetables, especially leafy greens, experience slower cognitive decli.

A large study using animals showed that berries may also protect the brain; in another, mice were fed grape seed extract and gut microbes digested them to produce phenolic acids, which increased 3-hydroxybenzene in the brain Accumulation of formic acid and 3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid, two acids thought to protect against Alzheimer's disea.

　　While more research is needed to confirm these results, the MIND diet clearly shows a promising approach to preventing cognitive decli.

In a 2015 study, the MIND diet reduced the risk of Alzheimer's disease by 53 percent in participants who followed it careful.

Even moderate adherence to this diet can reduce the risk of Alzheimer's by 3
Additionally, some components of the MIND diet have been shown to reduce the risk of high blood pressure, heart disease, and stro.

　　The beauty of this diet is that it's easy to follow, and it's good for our brains, and even if it's not strictly adhered to, it still boosts our gut flo.

The following dietary recommendations can be used for reference: 　　eat green leafy vegetables every day, with other vegetables reasonably; 　　eat whole grains three times a 　　day; eat beans every other day; 　　berries, especially blueberries and strawberries, at least twice a week;　　Eat poultry at least twice 　　a week; fish at least once a week; 　　red meat no more than 4 servings a week; 　　more olive oil, less than a tablespoon per day of butter and margarine; 　　fried or fast food, less per week In one serving; 　　limit refined sugar and refined carbohydrates as much as possib.

　　In addition to a healthy diet, it is important to keep exercising throughout our liv.

When our heart beats, blood flow to the brain increases, providing additional nutrien.

Regular physical activity can reduce dementia risk factors, including high blood pressure, diabetes, and high cholesterol, among othe.

Exercise can also affect gut microb.

　　There is growing and compelling evidence that regular aerobic exercise not only helps protect our brains from Alzheimer's disease and dementia, it can also improve patients' quality of li.

Results from several randomized controlled trials suggest that people with Alzheimer's disease can achieve higher cognitive scores, improved memory status, feel more alert, organized, and less anxious, irritable, and depressed through aerobic exerci.

　　To sum up 　　aging, each of us is reluctant to face, but after all, we cannot esca.

Aging not only manifests in our skin, but also in our brai.

A major health challenge facing the elderly population is cognitive decline, which will become more severe as the global population ag.

Maintaining a healthy brain and preventing cognitive decline is also an important part of maintaining youthful vitali.

　　The gut microbiota is a key regulator of brain heal.

Dysbiosis of gut microbiota plays an important role in the development of dementia and Alzheimer's disease, and modulation of gut microbiota can delay or even reverse aging-related cognitive decline to a certain extent
Studies have found that by transplanting fecal bacteria from young mice to old mice, it can help restore aging-related immune and neurocognitive impairments and help them restore youthful vitali.

　　A healthy diet and exercise are key to regulating your gut microbiome and the easiest and easiest way to maintain a healthy brain, prevent cognitive decline and maintain youthful vitali.

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