Heavy | Exclusive Secret of the Past and Present of China's UHV

Our country’s UHV has successfully achieved the goal of “starting from scratch” to “big power weapon”, from “created in China” to “leading by China”, and from “equiping China” to "Equip the world".

Under the background of carbon peak and carbon neutrality, the UHV grid has become the "aorta" of energy transportation for China's "West-to-East power transmission, North-to-South power supply, mutual assistance of water and fire, and complementary wind and solar power", cracking the development of energy and power.

As of the end of 2020, China has completed 35 UHV projects under construction with “14 cross 16 straight” and “2 cross 3 straight” with a total length of 48,000 kilometers of UHV lines under construction.

"Now that the UHV operation is successful, people say that I am the'father of UHV', I think it should be the'father of UHV', the outcome of the defeat.

In the future, the construction of a global energy Internet with UHV as the backbone network will promote the development of global clean energy bases, the interconnection of power grids in all continents and countries, and promote the integrated development of the "three networks" of energy, transportation, and information networks.

"Bright tricks" on the CMB

▲±800kV Shanghaimiao-Shandong UHV transmission line.

At the end of 2004, Liu Zhenya, who was at the helm of the State Grid Corporation for two months, and the then main leader of the National Development and Reform Commission participated in the acceptance summary meeting of the Three Gorges-Guangdong DC Transmission Project.

Large-scale, long-distance coal transportation has always been the main method of energy resource allocation in China, and more than 70% of the new railway capacity is used for coal transportation.

Regarding the question of the main leaders of the National Development and Reform Commission about the solution, Liu Zhenya, who claimed to be the "electrician team leader", showed a "big move": the construction of an "electric expressway"-an ultra-high voltage power grid, completely reversed the long-term problem of China's power development being constrained by coal transportation capacity.

UHV refers to 1000 kV AC and ±800 kV DC power transmission technology.
It has many advantages such as long transmission distance, large capacity, high efficiency, low loss, low unit cost, and low land occupation.
It can effectively solve the problem of energy supply.
Issues such as safety, unsafe existing power grids, and unsafe ecological environment.

How to fundamentally solve the contradictions between the limited fossil energy resources and the rapid growth in demand, the shortage of coal and electricity transportation, the insufficient capacity of energy resource allocation, and the development and consumption of clean energy?

Liu Zhenya described the formation of the UHV mentality in this way: "I worked in Shandong before 2000.
At that time, power plants were built wherever there was a shortage of electricity in various places.
They did not pay attention to the power grid, and rarely considered whether there was coal or enough transportation capacity.
In 2000, Later, when I came to Beijing, I looked at China’s energy resources and power supply and demand from a higher level, and then I deeply realized that the balanced on-site power development mode is the root cause of the long-term tension, periodic and seasonal power shortages in China’s coal and power transportation.
To fundamentally solve this problem, it is necessary to develop a power grid with larger transmission capacity, longer transmission distance, and higher voltage level, increase the'transport capacity' of the grid, and one day be able to deploy electricity across the country.
"

In fact, Liu Zhenya, who has just taken the helm of the State Grid Corporation of China, proposed the development of UHV when presiding over the first party group meeting.
After the meeting, the State Grid Corporation of China submitted a document to the country on the development of UHV.
The curtain on the development of UHV in China has officially opened.

　　If you go back earlier, Liu Zhenya's confidence is due to the fact that China needs higher voltage levels as early as in his graduate thesis.

　　Liu Zhenya's "big trick" of UHV transmission, which has been brewing for many years in Liu Zhenya's mind, touched everyone.
At the Three Gorges-Guangdong DC Transmission Project Acceptance Summary Meeting that day, they said UHV transmission is "a good idea and method to solve energy problems.
" , Should be studied and considered in the "power planning.
"

　　After the Spring Festival in 2005, the State Grid Corporation of China launched a feasibility study.
On February 16, the National Development and Reform Commission issued a document (Development and Reform Office Energy [2005] No.
282), proposing to "start the preliminary research work on my country's million-volt AC and plus or minus 800,000-volt DC UHV transmission technology.
" On March 21, the leaders of the State Council presided over the meeting, and Liu Zhenya made a report.
The minutes of this meeting (Guoyue [2005] No.
21) clearly agreed to develop UHV power grids and incorporate UHV into the national major equipment plan.

　　After many years of planning, UHV construction has pressed the "accelerator button.
"

　　UHV "controversy"

▲The groundbreaking ceremony of the UHV Jindongnan Substation on August 19, 2006.

　　Soon after the development of UHV was approved by the leaders of the State Council, a voice of opposition also emerged.

　　In May 2005, a report entitled "Problems and Suggestions for the Development of UHV Power Grids" was submitted to the State Council.
It is proposed whether it is necessary and safe to build a 1000-kV power grid on the existing 500-kV power grid.

　　Three days later, the State Council asked the National Development and Reform Commission to organize discussions with experts.
A protracted UHV "controversy" began.

　　On June 21-23, 2005, the National Development and Reform Commission organized a seminar on UHV transmission technology in Beidaihe.
The demonstration materials of the venue were half a meter thick, and "more than 200 people participated, including electrician experts and power equipment experts".

　　The questions raised by the experts mainly focused on four aspects: comparison of coal and electricity transmission, UHV economy, safety, and electromagnetic environmental impact.

　　In fact, compared with 500 kV UHV AC transmission, the 1000 kV UHV AC transmission distance has increased by 2-3 times, the transmission capacity has increased by 4-5 times, the transmission loss is only 1/3, and the corridor width is only 1 /3, the unit cost is only 70%.

　　Compared with ±500kV UHV DC transmission, ±800kV and ±1100kV UHV DC transmission distances have been increased by 2-3 times and 5-6 times respectively, and transmission capacity has increased by 2-3 times and 4-fold respectively.
5 times, the transmission loss is less than 1/2, 1/4, the unit capacity corridor width is only 65%, 55%, and the unit cost is only 65%, 40%.

　　Compared with coal transportation, the electricity from the large coal power bases in the northwest is transmitted to the load center in the east and central through UHV, and the on-grid electricity price is 0.
06-0.
13 yuan/kWh lower than the local coal power benchmark on-grid electricity price.

　　In addition, the electromagnetic environment indicators of UHV power transmission projects meet the requirements of national standards, and the noise is significantly lower than that of 500 kV power transmission projects.

　　Since my country’s first UHV project was put into operation in 2009, my country has built 30 UHV AC/DC projects, which fully verified the safety of UHV.
With the strong support of the UHV power grid, my country's power grid is currently the only super-large power grid in the world that has not experienced a large-scale blackout.

　　At the meeting, most people were in favor of UHV.
Even if some people raised issues that needed improvement or attention, they were all in favor of UHV in general.
The State Grid Corporation called for "the conditions for the construction of pilot demonstration projects have been met, and it is recommended that the pilot demonstration projects be approved as soon as possible.
"

　　In late September 2005, the feasibility report of the 1000 kV AC UHV test demonstration project in Southeast Shanxi-Nanyang-Jingmen passed the national approval.

　　After the Beidaihe meeting, the development of UHV did not go smoothly, and some institutions and personnel once again raised different opinions.

　　On October 31, 2005, the National Development and Reform Commission held its second demonstration meeting and specially invited those who opposed UHV to participate.

　　The meeting invited old leaders such as Shi Dazhen, former Minister of Electric Power, and Lu Yanchang, former Deputy Minister of Electric Power.
The experts at the meeting wrote written opinions and signed their names.

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