Genetically modified phythyase corn has great potential in the era of low-carbon economy.

OA_show ('533');low-carbon economylow-carbon economy is a modern economic model based on low energy consumption, low pollution and low emissions, and it is another major scientific and technological progress of human society after agricultural civilization and industrial civilizationLow-carbon economy has become a hot issue in this year's "two sessions"Premier Wen Jiabao made it clear in his government work report that this year we should speed up the transformation of economic development mode, adjust and optimize the economic structure, and vigorously promote the economy into an innovation-driven, endogenous growth trackLow-carbon economy will become an important feature of China's economic development modelBiobreeding, as one of the emerging strategic industries, will play a very important role in the era of low-carbon economyAhead of the Copenhagen conference, the Chinese government announced that it will achieve a target of 40%-45% reduction in CO2 emissions per unit of GDP by 2020 compared with 2005To achieve this goal, all walks of life need to work together, and through the development of agricultural biological breeding industry to achieve low-carbon agriculture has become an inevitable choicecorn is an important and the best feed processing raw materialNearly 80% of China's total corn demand is used for feed processing, and the amount of feed in poultry and livestock is more than 50%On the basis of the first generation of phytoase products, the research group led by Fan Yun6, a member of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, used the phytoase gene of independent intellectual property rights to cultivate the successful production of high-activity phytoase and stabilize genetically modified corn through the combination of biotechnology and traditional breeding methodsThis is the world's first example of green agricultural production model to replace industrial production model to produce phytase, can be described as a model of low-carbon agriculture, "zero energy" phytoase plantphosphorus is an indispensable nutrient for animals, phosphorus deficiency seriously affects animal growth, resulting in low animal production performanceThe total phosphorus content of corn, soybean and other feed raw materials is very rich, more than 65% in the form of phytic acid phosphorusGenetically modified phythase corn grains are like a small plant that produces phytoase, which, like skilled skilled workers, processthes of the raw material of phytic acid into products - the form of phosphorus that animals can use Unlike other factories, these micro-factories can produce countless such phytoase proteins without any effort or energy the first generation of phytoase products developed in China in the 1990s were produced by microbial fermentation, but the energy consumption of this mode of production is usually more than 20% of the production cost In recent years, China's economy has continued to grow, but China's energy consumption per unit of GDP is 6-7 times that of developed countries Therefore, it is of great significance to explore the new technology of low-cost, energy-saving and consumption-saving production of phytic enzymes in China and even the world Compared with the industrial fermentation method phytoase, the production of phytic enzyme by seed as a carrier and agricultural cultivation has the following two low-carbon economic characteristics First, low cost, fermentation methods need plant, fermentation tanks, product after-processing equipment and other specialized production equipment, the production process needs to consume chemical raw materials, and agricultural production, do not need specialized production equipment, corn can use sunlight, water and other production phytoase, raw materials cost very low Second, the consumption of energy is less, fermentation mode not only the production process needs to consume a lot of energy and the product after processing also consumes energy, after processing is usually the fermentation liquid and carrier proportionally mixed, the use of hot air drying, or under the pressure of the liquid atomization, through hot air will be dried by the mist droplets to form small particles or powders, these processes need to consume energy And agricultural production, production process does not need energy consumption, no need for post-processing, production is directly fed with phytase-rich corn seeds, do not need to extract enzymes and purification, enzymes can be long-term stable preservation in seeds, no enzyme products special preservation conditions and consider the product dosage form, seeds easy to long-distance transport and popularization, so very energy-saving NextPage Second, the protection of phosphorus ore "super guard" phythyase corn seed plant energy conservation this characteristic can also be fully reflected from another aspect In the feed industry, 13.5 kg of calcium phosphate needs to be added to each ton of feed to provide the necessary phosphorus elements for animal growth and development With the rapid development of economy, the pressure of phosphorus resource shortage has posed a serious threat to agricultural production, which has brought great upward pressure to grain prices Most of China's phosphorus resources are medium- to low-grade According to the Ministry of Land and Resources statistics, the existing phosphorus-rich mineral resources can only maintain China's use for 10-15 years Therefore, phosphorus mineral resources have been listed by the Ministry of Land and Resources as one of the 20 kinds of minerals that can not meet the needs of national economic development after 2010 China's feed calcium phosphate industry has high energy consumption, low output rate, serious environmental pollution and great destructive power to natural resources It is estimated that the demand for calcium phosphate for feed in China will be 1 million tons this year, 150 tons in 2015 and 1.7 million tons by 2020 If phythyase genetically modified corn is used, it can replace 800,000 tons, 1.2 million tons and 1.36 million tons of calcium phosphate, respectively The phythase in the genetically modified corn seed can decompose the phytic acid in it to provide phosphorus elements for the animals, so most of the calcium phosphate can be replaced, according to each ton of feed calcium phosphate needs phosphorus 1.5 tons, this year can reduce the mining of phosphorus ore up to 1.2 million tons, indicating that the production of phytoase in corn seed grain can effectively reduce the dependence on calcium phosphate (i.e mining of phosphorus minerals), thereby greatly reducing the energy consumption and environmental resources caused by phosphorus mining three, "dot stone into gold" magic hand the digestive tract lack of phytic enzymes in the single-stomach animals (pigs, chickens, ducks) and aquatic species (fish, shrimp) can not effectively use phytic acid in corn feed and cause phosphorus waste, not used by animals phytic acid to form high phosphorus feces excreted With the rapid development of China's livestock and poultry breeding industry, livestock and poultry manure emissions continue to increase, in 1999, China's total production of livestock and poultry manure is about 1.9 billion tons, while the national industrial solid waste of 780 million tons, livestock and poultry manure production is 2.4 times industrial solid waste, some areas such as Henan, Hunan, Jiangxi, the proportion is even more than 4 times, except Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai and a few other industrial developed urban areas, most areas of the value of more than double In 2002, China's livestock and poultry manure production amounted to 2.75 billion tons, livestock and poultry manure lost to the water body of the total phosphorus of 345,000 tons per year In 2007, the annual emissions of livestock and poultry manure exceeded 4 billion tons, 4.1 times the amount of industrial organic pollutants, and most of them were discharged directly without treatment, threatening the agricultural environment In 2010, China's annual livestock and poultry manure production will reach 4.5 billion tons, livestock and poultry manure lost to the water body each year the total phosphorus will be 560,000 tons If not effectively addressed, it will further aggravate environmental degradation such as eutrophication of water bodies, such as lakes, thereby threatening the safety of drinking water and the safety of agricultural products Phosphorus pollution control is a time-consuming, labor-intensive and energy-consuming process, which is a great obstacle to the development of low-carbon agriculture calculated that the total amount of phosphorus excreted by animal feces will reach 3.75 million tons by 2015, while the use of phythase corn will reduce animal feces phosphorus emissions by 1.4 million tons When phythyase in the corn seed high expression, it is like a decay into a magic hand, phytic acid phosphorus this "waste" point stone into gold, converted into can be used by animals phosphorus, can be said to be two things: not only reduce phytic acid phosphorus feces pollution to the environment, while the animal absorption and utilization also greatly improved the production performance of animals NextPage Fourth, safe and reliable phythyase corn genetically modified phythase corn is the need to add phytoase in feed production, the process is converted into the corn seed itself to produce phytoase Phytic enzymecant can be corn, soybean and other feed feed materials in a large number of phytic phosphorus decomposition into inorganic phosphorus, to solve the single-stomach animal lack of phytic enzymes, can not effectively use the feed raw materials rich in phytic phosphorus, improve the utilization rate of feed phosphorus and animal production performance of single-stomach animals, reduce the amount of phosphorus excretion in animal waste This reduces or eliminates the use of calcium phosphate in feed to meet the need stophos for animal growth the European Union member states, Canada and the United States and other developed industrial countries as early as the 1990s in the aquaculture industry as a "green phosphorus" to replace the traditional inorganic phosphate; also need to point out that phytoase is widely found in rice, wheat, barley, rice, corn, soybeans, beans, green beans, peas, tomatoes, white mustard, potatoes, radish, lettuce, spinach, lily pollen and other daily consumption of our daily consumption Among food crops, feed and vegetable crops, phytoase in plants such as phytic enzymes and wheat developed by the research group led by Fan Yun6, a member of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, is the same type of enzyme, and humans or animals have a long history of safe consumption or feeding our government attaches great importance to the safety management of agricultural genetically modified organisms, adhere to the legislative first, law enforcement guarantee, has formed a set of suitable for China's national conditions and in line with international practice of laws and regulations, technical procedures and management systems, genetically modified phytic asse corn after up to 6 years of a series of complex and strict national safety assessment procedures, indicating that its safety and ordinary corn substance is completely equivalent : The success of the development of phythyase corn is the result of independent and active innovation of Chinese scientists, with all intellectual property rights Transphysegenease gene corn has an important leading role in the development of new generation GMO and agricultural products towards environmental friendliness, nutritional balance and energy-saving production, which will have a great effect on the development of low-carbon economy Its industrialization will be a landmark milestone in the process of crop biotechnology industrialization in China, and another agricultural high-tech emerging industry with great potential for development after the relay of the agricultural biotechnology industry in China to Bt gene insect-resistant cotton The industrialization of transphythase gene corn has a great impact and contribution to improving the international competitiveness of China's corn seed industry and promoting the sustainable development of feed and aquaculture industry, and has made our country occupy a place in the fierce international competition of agricultural biotechnology industrialization (Zhang Chunyi Unit: Institute of Biotechnology of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences) ", "The background" low-carbon economy is a low energy consumption, low pollution, low emissions based on the modern economic model, is the human society after the agricultural civilization, industrial civilization after another major scientific and technological progress Low-carbon economy has become a hot issue in this year's "two sessions" Premier Wen Jiabao made it clear in his government work report that this year we should speed up the transformation of economic development mode, adjust and optimize the economic structure, and vigorously promote the economy into an innovation-driven, endogenous growth track Low-carbon economy will become an important feature of China's economic development model Biobreeding, as one of the emerging strategic industries, will play a very important role in the era of low-carbon economy Ahead of the Copenhagen conference, the Chinese government announced that it will achieve a target of 40%-45% reduction in CO2 emissions per unit of GDP by 2020 compared with 2005 To achieve this goal, all walks of life need to work together, and through the development of agricultural biological breeding industry to achieve low-carbon agriculture has become an inevitable choice corn is an important and the best feed processing raw material Nearly 80% of China's total corn demand is used for feed processing, and the amount of feed in poultry and livestock is more than 50% On the basis of the first generation of phytoase products, the research group led by Fan Yun6, a member of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, used the phytoase gene of independent intellectual property rights to cultivate the successful production of high-activity phytoase and stabilize genetically modified corn through the combination of biotechnology and traditional breeding methods This is the world's first example of green agricultural production model to replace industrial production model to produce phytase, can be described as a model of low-carbon agriculture , "zero energy" phytoase plant phosphorus is an indispensable nutrient for animals, phosphorus deficiency seriously affects animal growth, resulting in low animal production performance The total phosphorus content of corn, soybean and other feed raw materials is very rich, more than 65% in the form of phytic acid phosphorus Genetically modified phythase corn grains are like a small plant that produces phytoase, which, like skilled skilled workers, processthes of the raw material of phytic acid into products - the form of phosphorus that animals can use Unlike other factories, these micro-factories can produce countless such phytoase proteins without any effort or energy the first generation of phytoase products developed in China in the 1990s were produced by microbial fermentation, but the energy consumption of this mode of production is usually more than 20% of the production cost In recent years, China's economy has continued to grow, but China's energy consumption per unit of GDP is 6-7 times that of developed countries Therefore, it is of great significance to explore the new technology of low-cost, energy-saving and consumption-saving production of phytic enzymes in China and even the world Compared with the industrial fermentation method phytoase, the production of phytic enzyme by seed as a carrier and agricultural cultivation has the following two low-carbon economic characteristics First, low cost, fermentation methods need plant, fermentation tanks, product after-processing equipment and other specialized production equipment, the production process needs to consume chemical raw materials, and agricultural production, do not need specialized production equipment, corn can use sunlight, water and other production phytoase, raw materials cost very low Second, the consumption of energy is less, fermentation mode not only the production process needs to consume a lot of energy and the product after processing also consumes energy, after processing is usually the fermentation liquid and carrier proportionally mixed, the use of hot air drying, or under the pressure of the liquid atomization, through hot air will be dried by the mist droplets to form small particles or powders, these processes need to consume energy And agricultural production, production process does not need energy consumption, no need for post-processing, production is directly fed with phytase-rich corn seeds, do not need to extract enzymes and purification, enzymes can be long-term stable preservation in seeds, no enzyme products special preservation conditions and consider the product dosage form, seeds easy to long-distance transport and popularization, so very energy-saving NextPage Second, the protection of phosphorus ore "super guard" phythyase corn seed plant energy conservation this characteristic can also be fully reflected from another aspect In the feed industry, 13.5 kg of calcium phosphate needs to be added to each ton of feed to provide the necessary phosphorus elements for animal growth and development With the rapid development of economy, the pressure of phosphorus resource shortage has posed a serious threat to agricultural production, which has brought great upward pressure to grain prices Most of China's phosphorus resources are medium- to low-grade According to the Ministry of Land and Resources statistics, the existing phosphorus-rich mineral resources can only maintain China's use for 10-15 years Therefore, phosphorus mineral resources have been listed by the Ministry of Land and Resources as one of the 20 kinds of minerals that can not meet the needs of national economic development after 2010 China's feed calcium phosphate industry has high energy consumption, low output rate, serious environmental pollution and great destructive power to natural resources It is estimated that the demand for calcium phosphate for feed in China will be 1 million tons this year, 150 tons in 2015 and 1.7 million tons by 2020 If the use of phythase genetically modified corn, it can replace 800,000 tons, 1.2 million.