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The use of plant growth regulators as a technical measure for high-yield, high-quality and high-efficiency agriculture has been widely used all over the world, including developed countries such as the United States, European Union countries, and Japan, and is mainly applied to some fruits, vegetables, potatoes, soybeans and other crops.
such as ethephon , gibberellic acid , naphthalene acetic acid , indole butyric acid , paclobutrazol , chlormequat, forchlorfenuron , 6- benzylamino adenine (6-BA) and the like
.
For example, the types of plant growth regulators registered and used on cucumbers in China mainly include thidiazuron, forchlorfenuron, nucleotides, brassinolide, sodium nitrophenolate, naphthaleneacetic acid, indinobutyric acid, etc.
Promote the growth of female flowers and increase the fruit setting rate
.
Plant growth regulators are also called exogenous plant hormones, and their effects are the same as or similar to those of plant endogenous hormones produced by plants themselves
.
For example: use brassinolide, indole acetic acid, S-induction, etc.
(1) Management of plant growth regulators
China has formulated 73 maximum residue limits for 12 kinds of plant growth regulators in 47 kinds of agricultural products, and included plant growth regulator residues in the scope of routine monitoring and risk assessment of agricultural product quality and safety, and the use of plant growth regulators After the implementation of safety monitoring and follow-up assessment to ensure the quality and safety of agricultural products
.
From the monitoring and evaluation of the Ministry of Agriculture, the samples with plant growth regulators in the agricultural products at harvest are only very few.
Even if they are detected individually, the residues are
(2) Dosage of plant growth regulator
Plant growth regulators are low in toxicity, small in dosage, and easily degradable.
As long as they are applied in accordance with the state's prescribed period of use and usage, there is no problem of excessive residues, and they will not accumulate in the human body
.
It is used in the flowering period and the early stage of fruit setting, and the interval between harvesting is long, and the residues in the mature and harvested agricultural products are generally very low
1.
Regarding swelling agent In recent years, rumors such as "swelling agent" have made the quality and safety of agricultural products extremely sensitive, causing consumers to panic completely unnecessary
.
At the same time, some lawbreakers have heard hearsay, and even deliberately spread false rumors about the quality and safety of agricultural products, causing economic damage to vegetable farmers and fruit farmers, making consumers suspicious and even afraid to buy them easily
Swelling agent is also called swelling agent and fruit swelling agent.
The main components are generally 6-benzylamino adenine (6-BA), forchlorfenuron (pyrofluron, KT-30), diethylaminoethanol hexanoate (DA Diethyl diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate) or other substances and the compound preparation, is a new type of high-efficiency plant growth regulator
.
The main function of swelling is to strengthen cell division, increase the number of cells, accelerate protein synthesis, and promote organ formation through the gradual transformation of plant vegetative growth to reproductive growth
2.
Regarding the phenomenon of "watermelon cracking" in some parts of Jiangsu, researcher Zhang Chaoxian of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences believes that this is caused by a combination of many factors
.
First of all, it has to do with the varieties grown
3.
Are plant growth regulators such as swelling agents safe? The "Pesticide Management Regulations" treat plant growth regulators as pesticides for unified management
.
To measure or express the acute toxicity of pesticides, the median lethal dose (LD 50 ) is often used as an indicator
(1) Very toxic (extremely toxic)
.
LD 50 is less than 1 mg per kilogram of body weight
(2) Very toxic
.
The LD 50 is 1-50 mg per kilogram of body weight, such as monocrotophos, phosphoramine, methamidophos, and parathion
.
(3) High toxicity
.
The LD 50 is 50-100mg per kilogram of body weight, such as carbofuran, cyanide, zinc phosphide, scotch, and dichlorvos
.
(4) Poisoning
.
The LD 50 is 100-500mg per kilogram of body weight, such as dimethoate, sulfacarb, and pyrethroid pesticides
.
(5) Low toxicity
.
The LD 50 is 500-5000mg per kilogram of body weight, such as malathion, phoxim, acephate, butachlor, and glyphosate
.
(6) Slightly toxic
.
The LD 50 is 5000～15000mg per kilogram of body weight, such as carbendazim, chlorothalonil, and Zinc
.
(7) Actually non-toxic
.
LD 50 is greater than 15000 mg per kilogram of body weight
.
According to the LD 50 of various plant growth regulators , the toxicity of plant growth regulators is generally low or slightly toxic
.
Because it is a kind of compound that regulates plant growth and development, it is not aimed at killing harmful organisms
.
The residue of plant growth regulator refers to the amount of its toxicity and active ingredients present in the plant body and in the soil
.
Under normal conditions of use, plant growth regulators entering the body of vegetables will gradually degrade with the progress of metabolism, and the efficacy of the medicine will gradually disappear
.
The amount of residue in the vegetable is very low, even if there is a small amount of residue, it will be destroyed to varying degrees during the cooking process
.
There is no need to worry that eating agricultural products treated with plant growth regulators will cause precocious puberty or other physiological dysfunctions in children
.
The targets of plant growth regulators are the cells, tissues and organs of plants.
They work by binding to plant receptors.
This interacts with the targets of animal (including human) hormones (ie, animal cells, tissues and organs and animal hormone receptors).
) Is completely different
.
Because the human body does not have receptors for plant growth regulators, plant growth regulators will not affect the development of humans, including children
.
At present, many developed countries include swelling agents on the list that does not require toxicity management
.
Therefore, plant growth regulators are low in toxicity, small in dosage, and easily degraded.
As long as they are applied in accordance with the state's prescribed period of use and usage, there is no problem of excessive residues, and they will not accumulate in the human body
.
Therefore, do not "talk about the discoloration of the agent", and the correct and reasonable use of the registered plant growth regulator will not affect the safety of agricultural products, but can improve the quality on the contrary
.
