A resource bank of human intestinal strains built by microorganisms

More and more evidences show that gut microbes are closely related to host health and growth.
In the future development of human health management and medical industry, gut microbial resources have great potential, which is revealing the causal relationship between host phenotype and gut flora.
Plays a vital role in the research
.

At present, only less than half of the gut microbial species have been successfully cultured and named in the laboratory
.

The lack of intestinal microbial strain resources greatly limits the application and research of intestinal microbes
.

In view of the fact that the construction of the intestinal microbial strain resource bank is the basis for the development and utilization of intestinal microbes, and is a crucial part of understanding the host-microbe interaction mechanism, the Liu Shuangjiang research team has been committed to healthy people The cultivation of intestinal microbial strain resources of model animals and the construction of strain resource bank
.

On May 21, 2021, Microbiome magazine reported the team's work to construct a human gut microbe biobank (hGMB) for healthy people (Liu, Du et al.
2021)
.

hGMB includes 400 different species, 102 of which are isolated, cultured and identified for the first time.
1170 representative strains are stored in the China Collection of Common Microorganisms.
It has provided several strain services to scientific research and industry.
Support the development of intestinal microbial function and the research of microbial-host interaction
.

In order to give full play to and tap the value of strain resources, the species information of the resource library has been published on the website (hgmb.
nmdc.
cn)
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The establishment of a Chinese gut microbial resource bank has long-term strategic significance and economic and social value
.

The construction of hGMB took two years.
The research team selected more than 20,000 single clones from 239 fresh stool samples of healthy people from different regions and different ages.
After expanding the culture, more than 10,000 pure culture isolates were identified.
, The research team performed genome sequencing, taxonomic description and naming of all new species discovered this time
.

Through the analysis of the intestinal metagenomics of healthy people (n=1,129), it was found that 85 new species in the strain library appeared in more than 90% of healthy people's intestines
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Further analysis of the global human intestinal 16S amplicon data (n=11,647) shows that hGMB covers 79% of the human intestinal tract known common genera and 75% of the common species; compared with the largest human intestinal genome database UHGG.
, HGMB contributes 24 "dark" species that have not been detected but are ubiquitous in the intestinal immunization study
.

Before this work, Liu Shuangjiang's team also published in 2020 the largest model animal mouse gut microbe resource bank (mouse gut microbe biobank, mGMB), mGMB contains 126 kinds of microorganisms and their genomes, of which 77 kinds of microorganisms are the first time.
The successful isolation and cultivation of new species increased the cultivable mouse gut microbial strain resources from 48 genera to 110 genera, from 76 to 180 species, and a set of anaerobic microorganism isolation and culture was formed in the process The simplest standardized process described with species identification (Nat Comm, 2020)
.

The hGMB work was jointly completed by Liu Chang, Du Mengxuan, Rexidin Abduani, Yu Haiying and others from the Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences.
Researchers Liu Shuangjiang and Dr.
Liu Chang are the corresponding authors of the article
.

This work was supported by the Pilot B Special Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDB38020300) and the National Key Research and Development Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology (2019YFA0905601)
.

  Article link: https://doi.
org/10.
1186/s40168-021-01064-3