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On February 28, the High-Tech Research and Development Center (Basic Research Management Center) of the Ministry of Science and Technology released the top ten scientific advances in China in 2021
.
The two chemical achievements of "synthesis from carbon dioxide to starch" and "large-scale preparation of high-performance fiber lithium-ion batteries" were selected
For these 10 major scientific and technological progress, 30 achievements were selected from 310 recommended scientific research progresses, and then more than 3,500 well-known experts and scholars, including academicians of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Engineering, and director of the State Key Laboratory, conducted online voting and finally produced the results.
.
Among them, "synthesis from carbon dioxide to starch" was completed by Ma Yanhe's research team from Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
.
By designing an unnatural pathway from carbon dioxide to starch synthesis from scratch, the research team adopted modular reaction adaptation and protein engineering methods to solve the problems of computer pathway thermodynamic matching, metabolic flow balance and by-product suppression, and overcome artificial pathway assembly and leveling.
"Achieving large-scale preparation of high-performance fiber lithium-ion batteries" was completed by Peng Huisheng and Chen Peining of Fudan University
.
The research team systematically revealed the variation law of the internal resistance of the fiber lithium-ion battery with the length, effectively solved the problem of the interface stability between the active material and the fiber electrode, and continuously constructed a new type of fiber polymer lithium with good safety and comprehensive electrochemical performance.
Also included in China's top ten scientific and technological progress are "Mars exploration mission Tianwen-1 probe successfully landed on Mars", "Chinese space station Tianhe core module was successfully launched, Shenzhou 12th and 13th manned spacecraft were successfully launched and cooperated with Tianwen.
Successfully completed docking with the core module", "Chang'e-5 lunar samples reveal the mystery of lunar evolution", "reveal the mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 escaping antiviral drugs",
etc.
The selection activity of the top ten scientific advances in China has been held for 17 sessions so far.
It aims to showcase the scientific progress of major basic research in China, stimulate the scientific enthusiasm and dedication of the scientific and technological workers, carry out the popularization of basic research science, and promote the public's understanding, concern and support for basic research.
, to create a good scientific atmosphere in the whole society
.
Link
link linkSelected chemical achievements in previous years
Selected chemical achievements in previous years2020: Quantum interference phenomenon in chemical reactions observed experimentally
2020: Quantum interference phenomenon in chemical reactions observed experimentally The process of chemical reactions is accompanied by complex quantum mechanical phenomena, but they are often difficult to observe directly, so the nature of chemical reactions is difficult to understand thoroughly
.
The research team of Academician Yang Xueming, Academician Zhang Donghui, Sun Zhigang and Xiao Chunlei of the Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences provides a research example
2019: Elucidating the mechanism of europium ion pair enhancing the life of perovskite solar cells
2019: Elucidating the mechanism of europium ion pair enhancing the life of perovskite solar cells In order to improve the intrinsic stability, the research group of Zhou Huanping from the School of Engineering of Peking University, the research group of Yan Chunhua and Sun Lingdong from the School of Chemical and Molecular Engineering and their collaborators proposed to introduce europium ion pairs as "redox shuttles" in the perovskite active layer.
”, which can greatly improve the service life of the device
.
This method solves an important essential factor limiting the stability of lead-halide perovskite solar cells, which can be extended to other perovskite optoelectronic devices, and also has reference significance for other inorganic semiconductor devices facing similar problems
2018: Elucidating the atomic structure and magic number effect of hydrated ions
2018: Elucidating the atomic structure and magic number effect of hydrated ions The combination of ions and water molecules to form hydrated ions is one of the most common and important phenomena in nature, but its microstructure and dynamics have always been the focus of debate in academia.
The key lies in the lack of atomic-scale experimental characterization methods and accurate and reliable computational simulation methods.
.
Researchers from the Center for Quantum Materials Science, School of Physics, Peking University, and the School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering collaborated to develop a novel scanning probe technique based on higher-order electrostatic forces, clarifying the atomic configuration of ionic hydrates at the interface for the first time, establishing the The direct correlation between the microstructure and transport properties of hydrates overturns the traditional understanding of ion transport in confined systems
(Organized by Chen Fei)
