Yunnan herbal medicine "Shenshi" space breeding into a new channel for cultivation of traditional Chinese Medicine

With the increasing global demand for traditional Chinese medicine and the sharp decrease of wild resources, artificial breeding and large-scale planting of traditional Chinese medicine have become the focus of China's biopharmaceutical industry Jin Hang, director of the Institute of medicinal plants, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, a plant expert who is carrying out the Shenshi Gentiana aerospace breeding project, said in an interview that space breeding has become a new channel for artificial breeding of traditional Chinese medicine in Yunnan Space breeding is a new technology of crop breeding, which uses space high vacuum, space high energy ion radiation, microgravity and other comprehensive factors to make crop seeds produce mutations that cannot be obtained on the price ball, and then return to the ground to select new varieties China's space breeding began in 1987 Up to now, thousands of plant seeds, test tube seedlings, biological strains and materials have been launched successively Most of the "space seeds" are characterized by high yield, high quality, early maturity and strong disease resistance At present, there are 60 new varieties of aerospace breeding in China, and more than 100 lines have been widely used in agricultural production Space breeding technology has become one of the important ways to rapidly cultivate good varieties of crops However, the space flight of Chinese herbal seeds is still in its infancy "The research on artificial breeding and genetic improvement of traditional Chinese medicine started late," said Jin Hang At present, a large number of traditional Chinese medicine is still in the process of wild state to artificial domestication, and the technical level of breed selection is still lagging behind the main crops In recent years, with the increasing demand of traditional Chinese medicine, the sharp decrease of wild medicinal resources, and the degradation of germplasm in artificial cultivation, it is urgent to select and cultivate improved varieties of traditional Chinese medicine As a new channel of artificial breeding, space breeding has entered the vision of scientists In Yunnan, the province with the most abundant medicinal materials resources in China, the prices of Panax notoginseng, Gastrodia elata, Paris polyphylla, Pinellia ternata and other traditional Chinese medicine seeds have traveled in space "Yunnan's rich medicinal resources are one of the advantages of space carrying of traditional Chinese medicine," said Jin Hang However, due to the factors such as small number of seeds carried, unscientific screening, and the impact on life rate, most of the seeds of traditional Chinese medicine have "no information" after returning to the earth, so artificial breeding has not been realized In June 2013, Gentiana seeds from Lincang, Yunnan Province "fight in space again", carrying "Shenshi" to the sky The local government plans to implement the 7-year space breeding project of Gentiana and develop the aerospace biopharmaceutical industry "Although there are only 9 grams of Gentiana seed in the sky, the seed particles of Gentiana are very small, up to 50000 grains per gram, which is very beneficial to the emergence rate of early seedling." As a breeding expert of the project, Jin Hang told reporters that the first experiment of the experimental group will carry out the determination of seed life rate, and seed at the same time, and then carry out seedling cultivation in Yunnan gentian planting base of Kunming and Lincang, and carry out the breeding of improved varieties after the seedlings are transplanted Jinhang introduced that the breeding project will carry out the continuous directional screening of Gentiana yunnanensis for more than 4 generations to select the Gentiana yunnanensis varieties with high yield, high quality and high resistance, which are suitable for mechanized production and planting in different sea wave regions "Our breeding direction of" space Gentiana "is mainly to improve the content of medicinal ingredients on the premise of maintaining the yield In the future, space breeding is expected to be promoted in a number of major medicinal materials, such as Dendrobium, Panax notoginseng and breviscapus prices, so as to promote the development of Yunnan biopharmaceutical industry " "Space breeding is undoubtedly a new way of artificial breeding of traditional Chinese medicine." Jinhang said that the excellent varieties selected by this technology can solve the severe shortage or even endangered situation of some medicinal materials, and it is expected to speed up the selection process of Chinese medicinal materials and promote the sound development of Chinese medicinal materials industry from the source.