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The lack of genetic variation and serious homogenization in the germplasm resource population of a species are the problems
of narrow genetic base faced by major crops at present.
Narrow genetic base is a global problem
that makes it difficult to make breakthroughs in crop improvement.
Recently, the Vegetable Functional Genomics Team of the Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, and a number of cooperation within the United Nations, proposed a directional artificial evolution strategy to create a new compact plant type of Cucurbitaceae melon crops in view of the narrow genetic base of Cucurbitaceae crops and the difficulty of obtaining compact plant types, which greatly improved the production efficiency of Cucurbitaceae melon crops and significantly saved labor input
。 The findings were published on December 13, 2022 in Nature Plants under the title Architecture design of cucurbit crops for enhanced productivity by a natural allele
.
of narrow genetic base faced by major crops at present.
Narrow genetic base is a global problem
that makes it difficult to make breakthroughs in crop improvement.
Recently, the Vegetable Functional Genomics Team of the Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, and a number of cooperation within the United Nations, proposed a directional artificial evolution strategy to create a new compact plant type of Cucurbitaceae melon crops in view of the narrow genetic base of Cucurbitaceae crops and the difficulty of obtaining compact plant types, which greatly improved the production efficiency of Cucurbitaceae melon crops and significantly saved labor input
。 The findings were published on December 13, 2022 in Nature Plants under the title Architecture design of cucurbit crops for enhanced productivity by a natural allele
.
Cucurbitaceae crops such as cucumbers, melons and watermelons are important economic vegetable/fruit crops in the world, and the main stems and internodes of these crops are long, which makes the cultivation population less dense, time-consuming and labor-intensive to manage, and low production efficiency
.
Compact plant type with dominant genetic characteristics and does not affect fruit set and yield has become an important direction
for the urgent improvement of Cucurbitaceae crops.
.
Compact plant type with dominant genetic characteristics and does not affect fruit set and yield has become an important direction
for the urgent improvement of Cucurbitaceae crops.
In order to solve this breeding problem, the research team found the only Chinese pumpkin dwarf germplasm controlled by a dominant single gene out of more than 2,000 pumpkin
germplasms.
Mapping cloning and genetic verification revealed the deletion of 76 bp on the 5' UTR of the pumpkin CmoYABBY1 gene, which greatly shortened
the main stem of pumpkin by enhancing the protein translation level of CmoYABBY1 。 The analysis found that there was a conserved element B-region in the 76bp sequence in cucurbitaceae crops, and the research team used gene editing tools to target the deletion of B-region in cucumbers and watermelons, creating various missing forms of B-region, which enhanced the translation of YABBY1 to varying degrees, and then shortened the length of the main stem of cucumbers and watermelons to varying degrees, thereby achieving fine adjustment
of stem length 。 According to the different cultivation patterns of different melon crops, the research team accurately configured the new allele plants obtained by gene editing, and found that the dwarf plants obtained by gene editing can significantly increase area yield or significantly reduce labor costs
.
germplasms.
Mapping cloning and genetic verification revealed the deletion of 76 bp on the 5' UTR of the pumpkin CmoYABBY1 gene, which greatly shortened
the main stem of pumpkin by enhancing the protein translation level of CmoYABBY1 。 The analysis found that there was a conserved element B-region in the 76bp sequence in cucurbitaceae crops, and the research team used gene editing tools to target the deletion of B-region in cucumbers and watermelons, creating various missing forms of B-region, which enhanced the translation of YABBY1 to varying degrees, and then shortened the length of the main stem of cucumbers and watermelons to varying degrees, thereby achieving fine adjustment
of stem length 。 According to the different cultivation patterns of different melon crops, the research team accurately configured the new allele plants obtained by gene editing, and found that the dwarf plants obtained by gene editing can significantly increase area yield or significantly reduce labor costs
.
The research team believes that the various deletions of B-region in YABBY1 gene are effective strategies to optimize the length of the main stem of cucurbitaceae melon crops, which can greatly improve the production efficiency
of cucurbitaceae crops.
At the same time, Nature Plants also published a review article entitled Compact plants enhance productivity written by Academician Lin Hongxuan's team, which introduced the results and gave high praise
.
of cucurbitaceae crops.
At the same time, Nature Plants also published a review article entitled Compact plants enhance productivity written by Academician Lin Hongxuan's team, which introduced the results and gave high praise
.
The first completion and newsletter of the thesis was the Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of
Agricultural Sciences.
The first authors are Wang Shenhao (now associate professor), a postdoctoral fellow jointly trained by the Institute of Vegetables and Flowers of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and Northwest A&F University, Wang Kun, a doctoral student at the Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, and Professor
Li Zheng of the College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University.
The corresponding author is Yang Xueyong, researcher
of the Institute of Vegetables and Flowers.
Huang Sanwen, a researcher from the Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences and the Shenzhen Institute of Agricultural Genomics, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, guided the study, and Li Haizhen, a researcher from the Vegetable Research Institute of the Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, provided pumpkin germplasm resources and group materials
for the results.
The research was supported
by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Innovation Project of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences.
Agricultural Sciences.
The first authors are Wang Shenhao (now associate professor), a postdoctoral fellow jointly trained by the Institute of Vegetables and Flowers of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and Northwest A&F University, Wang Kun, a doctoral student at the Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, and Professor
Li Zheng of the College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University.
The corresponding author is Yang Xueyong, researcher
of the Institute of Vegetables and Flowers.
Huang Sanwen, a researcher from the Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences and the Shenzhen Institute of Agricultural Genomics, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, guided the study, and Li Haizhen, a researcher from the Vegetable Research Institute of the Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, provided pumpkin germplasm resources and group materials
for the results.
The research was supported
by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Innovation Project of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences.
Original link: https://doi.
org/10.
1038/s41477-022-01297-6
org/10.
1038/s41477-022-01297-6
