Wuhan to carry out "alcohol genetic testing" project, can detect whether they are suitable for drinking.

Some people blush as soon as they get drunk, and some people can not get drunk? Because genes determine how much you drink.
it is understood that Wuhan has carried out "alcohol genetic testing" project, testing people only need to draw a small amount of blood, can detect whether they are suitable for drinking. Liu Jianmin, a pharmacist in the Department of Pharmacy at the first hospital in Wuhan,
, said that alcohol genetic testing is actually a common name for the altaldehyde dehydrogenase ALDH2 genotype test.
alcohol is converted into acetaldehyde when ingested by the human body, which is then broken down into acetic acid and eventually metabolized.
this process involves enzymes, of which the most influential is acetaldehyde dehydrogenase.
human acetaldehyde dehydrogenase gene is divided into heterogeneous mutant type, pure mutation type and pure wild type three.
pure wild type of people have strong alcohol metabolism ability, can drink moderate amount.
hybrid mutants had weaker alcohol metabolism and should control alcohol consumption.
and purified mutants had the lowest alcohol metabolism, and it was best not to drink alcohol. Liu Jianmin, a
, said that the accuracy of a person's alcohol consumption can be up to 97% by genetic testing of acetaldehyde dehydrogenase.
, some people have questioned this: "Why white people drink more than yellow people?" Wu Jinhu, director of the pharmacy department of Wuhan Third Hospital, said that there are racial differences in genes, white people have a small chance of mutation of acetaldehyde dehydrogenase, so they can metabolize most of the alcohol smoothly, while yellow people are the opposite.
out of the "driven gene" to extend the life span of lung cancer patients", is a relatively new concept, it was put forward by Wu Yilong, vice president of Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital.
he says that important genes associated with cancer development are called "driven genes", which determine the direction of cancer: when the "drivegene" mutates, cancer cells become active.
if the "driven gene" is found through genetic testing, it can be treated with drugs for the gene and increase efficiency.
at present, this technology has been in the treatment of lung cancer, liver cancer, kidney cancer, bowel cancer, breast cancer and other fields of trial, the best effect is lung cancer.
data show that more than 10 kinds of lung cancer-related "driven genes" have been discovered globally, which has greatly extended the survival of many patients with lung cancer (one type of lung cancer).
if the usual treatment, up to 10 months of survival patients, through the "driven gene" test and then targeted treatment, its survival can be maintained at about 10 years. according to statistics
, the efficiency of anti-tumor drugs in China is only 25%, and 75% of the drugs are only partially effective or not at all.
But with the continuous application of genetic testing technology to the clinic, precision medicine for individuals is gradually improving this situation.
Zhong Nanshan for example: "In lung cancer treatment, the abnormalal ALK gene targeted treatment, for some patients are very effective."
Although these genetic abnormalities are rare, once found, the mono-antitherapy effect on this gene is very good.
" new technology to cure deafness to bring hope of the two words gene and genetic, genetic testing is also the fundamental means to maximize the loss of genetic diseases.
, the president of the American Association of Human Genetics, said that in the case of genetic deafness, if a patient is deaf because of a mutation in the GJB2 gene, early cochlear implants will have a good recovery effect, at least to avoid the loss of language.
also claim that China could close half of its schools for the deaf in the next five years if it does benefit from genetic testing.
, Morton argues, the language may be exaggerated, but thanks to advances in genetic testing, the number of genes and mutations that can be detected will increase year by year, raising hopes for a cure for deafness.
different risk of lung cancer for different smokers, for different genotypes of smokers, the same amount of smoking caused by the harm or hidden dangers, will it be different? According to information, the enzyme produced by the tobacco gene CPY2E1 can activate the pre-carcinogen (also known as an indirect carcinogen) in tobacco, the nitrosamine compound, making it carcinogenic.
if the CPY2E1 gene is defective, the activity of this enzyme increases, the carcinogens produced by smoking are activated in large numbers, and the risk of lung cancer increases significantly.
nitrate glycerin invalid or genetic mutation Liu Jianmin said, some people at high risk of cardiovascular disease, angina when to take nitroglycerin, but some patients will appear ineffective drug use phenomenon, or after more than half an hour to be effective, this is the result of the alcohol gene ALDH2 mutation.
, alcohol genetic testing can guide doctors in prescribing drugs.
in addition, the current high cost of genetic testing hinders the patient's experience with the technology.
it is understood that the current cost of genetic testing in about 16,000 yuan.
but with the development of science and technology, the next two or three years or will reduce prices, genetic testing may become the main means of clinical testing.
gene-related information: the first immune gene of the baby was born in China, a pair of twins a gene has been modified, so that they are born naturally resistant to AIDS.
November 26th, People's Daily online published a report entitled "The world's first gene-edited baby for HIV-immune disease was born in China". He Jiankui, a scientist from Shenzhen, China, announced a day before the 2nd International Human Genome Editing Summit that a pair of gene-edited babies named Lulu and Nana were born in China in November,
reported.
one of the twins' genes has been modified to allow them to naturally fight AIDS after birth.
this is the world's first gene-editing baby to be immune to AIDS, and it also means that China has made a historic breakthrough in the field of gene-editing technology in the field of disease prevention.
the news shocked the academic community.
" the incident has gone far beyond the scope of technical problems, the consequences are unpredictable, must be the focus of ethical debate.
even if the technology is 100% reliable, whether or not humans can edit their own reproductive cells and embryos, (seeing the news) the vast majority of people are sure the brain is blank, including myself.
" Zhang Linxuan, executive deputy director of Tsinghua University's Comprehensive AIDS Research Center, told First Financial. he
He Jiankui, Associate Professor, Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology.
the main research laboratory uses the cross-technology of physics, statistics and informatics to study complex biological systems.
research focuses on immune group library sequencing, personalized medicine, bioinformatics, and systems biology.
He Jiankui has a multidisciplinary background and has made research breakthroughs in gene sequencer research, CRISPR gene editing, bioinformatics and other fields.
his lab applied high-throughput sequencing to diversity studies in the immune cell receptor pool.
the experiment began in March 2017 and ended in March 2019.
from the "Shenzhen and American Women's And Paediatric Hospital Medical Ethics Committee review application" can be seen, the study is intended to use CRISPR-Cas9 technology to edit the embryo, through the embryo implanted genetic testing and pregnancy comprehensive testing can obtain individuals with CCR5 gene editing, so that the baby from the mother's womb before the ability to fight cholera, smallpox or AIDS.
" Now Professor He did not accept media interviews, in a few days unified response.
for this case, more information can not be disclosed, this experiment is not because the mother has AIDS, also can not disclose the baby was born in which hospital, because personal privacy can not say too much. Chen Yuanlin, head of media for he jiankui, told First Financial
.
, He Jiankui said that gene-editing surgery is one more step than conventional IVF, that is, during the fertilized egg, Cas9 protein and a specific boot sequence, with 5 microns, about one-twentieth of the hair of the needle injected into a single-celled fertilized egg.
his team used crispR/Cas9 gene editing, a technique that pinpoints and modifies genes, also known as "gene scalpels."
this gene surgery modified the CCR5 gene, and CCR5 gene is hiv virus invasion of the body's cells, one of the main auxiliary receptors.
previous data showed that about 10% of the Nordic population naturally have a lack of CCR5 gene.
people with this mutation can close the door to the most pathogenic HIV infection, so that the virus can not invade human cells, that is, can naturally immune to HIV virus.
He Jiankui will also present experimental data from his project team on mouse, monkey and human embryos at the summit.
genetic sequencing of 50 human embryos showed no off-targeting, while more than 44 percent of all normal human embryos were edited effectively.
He Jiankui also showed the results of the genetic surgery baby umbilical cord blood test results, proving that the gene surgery was successful, did not find off-target phenomenon.
he said the results still required time to observe and test, so a 18-year follow-up plan was in place.
Source: Decoding Medicine, Sohu.com.