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*The professional part involved in this article is only for medical professionals to read for reference for future generations, more for yourself! Women of childbearing age are a high risk group of thyroid diseases.
Abnormal thyroid function can significantly increase the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes, especially untreated hypothyroidism during pregnancy, which can also affect the brain development of the fetus and cause mental retardation after birth.
Therefore, women of childbearing age should pay special attention to thyroid diseases, and strive for early detection and treatment to avoid adverse consequences caused by thyroid diseases.
(Image source Visual China) What is the impact of hypothyroidism on pregnancy? Firstly, hypothyroidism is an important cause of female infertility; secondly, pregnant women with hypothyroidism during pregnancy can significantly increase spontaneous miscarriage, fetal distress, stillbirth, low birth weight, pregnancy-induced hypertension, and placental dissection and other undesirable pregnancies.
The risk of the outcome.
Third, hypothyroidism in pregnant women can seriously affect the brain development of the fetus.
Early pregnancy (12 weeks before pregnancy) is the most critical period for fetal brain development.
Most of the brain stem and the main part of the brain’s neural development are completed in this stage.
At this stage, the fetus’s own thyroid function has not yet been fully established, and the fetal brain The thyroid hormone needed for development mainly depends on the mother's supply, and the lack of the mother's thyroid hormone will cause the fetus's mental development disorder.
3D simulation diagram of a developing fetus (Image source: Vision China) What are the hazards of hyperthyroidism to pregnancy? The effects of hyperthyroidism during pregnancy on pregnant women include spontaneous abortion, premature delivery, severe preeclampsia, congestive heart failure, thyroid crisis, placental abruption and infection; the effects on the fetus include neonatal hyperthyroidism, intrauterine growth retardation, premature infants, Full-term small sample (SGA), stillbirth.
Hyperthyroidism crisis can endanger the life of pregnant women; fetal congenital hyperthyroidism can increase perinatal mortality.
Therefore, timely identification, early and reasonable treatment and effective control of hyperthyroidism are extremely necessary to improve the outcome of pregnancy and the prognosis of the offspring.
Be sure to check thyroid function before pregnancy.
Although hyperthyroidism during pregnancy has a greater impact on fetal development, it does not mean that patients with hyperthyroidism are infertile.
The key is to have early screening, timely treatment and effective control, which is extremely necessary to improve the outcome of pregnancy and the prognosis of the offspring.
How to deal with abnormal thyroid function during pregnancy? After the pre-pregnancy examination finds abnormal thyroid function (including hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, and subclinical hypothyroidism), be sure to adjust the thyroid function to normal before considering pregnancy.
For patients with hyperthyroidism before pregnancy, it is best to conceive after the hyperthyroidism is cured and the drug is stopped, or when the condition can be well controlled by taking a small dose of antithyroid drugs (ATD); for newly discovered hyperthyroidism during pregnancy, If the patient chooses to continue pregnancy, antithyroid drugs (ATD) are the first choice, with propylthiouracil in the first trimester, and methimazole in the second and third trimester.
If the patient is not suitable for medical treatment, surgery can also be performed during 4-6 months of pregnancy.
It is currently believed that hyperthyroidism syndrome during pregnancy has no adverse effects on mothers and infants and does not require special treatment.
If it is subclinical hyperthyroidism caused by Graves disease, it is still necessary to closely observe changes in thyroid function.
After the detection of "hypothyroidism" (including "subclinical hypothyroidism") before pregnancy, thyroid hormone should be supplemented in time, and the condition of hypothyroidism should be controlled (TSH<2.
5mIU/L) before considering pregnancy.
If “hypothyroidism” is detected in the first trimester, thyroid hormone supplement therapy must be given immediately so that the pregnant women's thyroid function can be controlled as soon as possible.
The goal of TSH treatment for patients with hypothyroidism during pregnancy is: TSH is controlled at the lower 1/2 of the pregnancy-specific reference range.
If the pregnancy-specific reference range cannot be obtained, the TSH can be controlled below 2.
5mIU/L.
Abnormal thyroid function can significantly increase the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes, especially untreated hypothyroidism during pregnancy, which can also affect the brain development of the fetus and cause mental retardation after birth.
Therefore, women of childbearing age should pay special attention to thyroid diseases, and strive for early detection and treatment to avoid adverse consequences caused by thyroid diseases.
(Image source Visual China) What is the impact of hypothyroidism on pregnancy? Firstly, hypothyroidism is an important cause of female infertility; secondly, pregnant women with hypothyroidism during pregnancy can significantly increase spontaneous miscarriage, fetal distress, stillbirth, low birth weight, pregnancy-induced hypertension, and placental dissection and other undesirable pregnancies.
The risk of the outcome.
Third, hypothyroidism in pregnant women can seriously affect the brain development of the fetus.
Early pregnancy (12 weeks before pregnancy) is the most critical period for fetal brain development.
Most of the brain stem and the main part of the brain’s neural development are completed in this stage.
At this stage, the fetus’s own thyroid function has not yet been fully established, and the fetal brain The thyroid hormone needed for development mainly depends on the mother's supply, and the lack of the mother's thyroid hormone will cause the fetus's mental development disorder.
3D simulation diagram of a developing fetus (Image source: Vision China) What are the hazards of hyperthyroidism to pregnancy? The effects of hyperthyroidism during pregnancy on pregnant women include spontaneous abortion, premature delivery, severe preeclampsia, congestive heart failure, thyroid crisis, placental abruption and infection; the effects on the fetus include neonatal hyperthyroidism, intrauterine growth retardation, premature infants, Full-term small sample (SGA), stillbirth.
Hyperthyroidism crisis can endanger the life of pregnant women; fetal congenital hyperthyroidism can increase perinatal mortality.
Therefore, timely identification, early and reasonable treatment and effective control of hyperthyroidism are extremely necessary to improve the outcome of pregnancy and the prognosis of the offspring.
Be sure to check thyroid function before pregnancy.
Although hyperthyroidism during pregnancy has a greater impact on fetal development, it does not mean that patients with hyperthyroidism are infertile.
The key is to have early screening, timely treatment and effective control, which is extremely necessary to improve the outcome of pregnancy and the prognosis of the offspring.
How to deal with abnormal thyroid function during pregnancy? After the pre-pregnancy examination finds abnormal thyroid function (including hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, and subclinical hypothyroidism), be sure to adjust the thyroid function to normal before considering pregnancy.
For patients with hyperthyroidism before pregnancy, it is best to conceive after the hyperthyroidism is cured and the drug is stopped, or when the condition can be well controlled by taking a small dose of antithyroid drugs (ATD); for newly discovered hyperthyroidism during pregnancy, If the patient chooses to continue pregnancy, antithyroid drugs (ATD) are the first choice, with propylthiouracil in the first trimester, and methimazole in the second and third trimester.
If the patient is not suitable for medical treatment, surgery can also be performed during 4-6 months of pregnancy.
It is currently believed that hyperthyroidism syndrome during pregnancy has no adverse effects on mothers and infants and does not require special treatment.
If it is subclinical hyperthyroidism caused by Graves disease, it is still necessary to closely observe changes in thyroid function.
After the detection of "hypothyroidism" (including "subclinical hypothyroidism") before pregnancy, thyroid hormone should be supplemented in time, and the condition of hypothyroidism should be controlled (TSH<2.
5mIU/L) before considering pregnancy.
If “hypothyroidism” is detected in the first trimester, thyroid hormone supplement therapy must be given immediately so that the pregnant women's thyroid function can be controlled as soon as possible.
The goal of TSH treatment for patients with hypothyroidism during pregnancy is: TSH is controlled at the lower 1/2 of the pregnancy-specific reference range.
If the pregnancy-specific reference range cannot be obtained, the TSH can be controlled below 2.
5mIU/L.
