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Is it just a nightmare for medical professionals to read? The 4-and-a-half-year-old boy fumbled and looked around in the consulting room
.
My mother sat at the examination table and told me: "After the child fell asleep at night, he suddenly screamed, his eyes straightened and sweating when he sat up
.
I asked him what happened, but he didn't say anything, and fell asleep after a while.
.
I asked him the next day, but I didn’t remember anything
.
After
2 months, this is the second time
.
"After some routine physical examinations on the child, the child is basically in good condition
.
I asked: "How is the child's activity in the kindergarten?" My mother immediately reacted: "The child has a very good IQ.
Except for this strange situation these two times, no other abnormalities have been found!" I suggest doing this for the child.
A polysomnography, video EEG, etc.
, the mother of the child thought about it and refused
.
I told her that the child may have night terrors, a form of sleep disorder
.
Regarding more detailed sleep disorders, I am not the specialist doctor, so I can only talk a little bit
.
If the child has frequent night terrors, he still hopes to undergo further examinations of the nervous system and sleep
.
The child's mother expressed understanding
.
As a pediatrician in a general hospital, you will encounter children from various departments
.
For the parents of children, if you hang up your account, they can at least give some advice and guidance even if they can’t handle it due to subjective and objective conditions.
.
Children’s sleep disorders are not uncommon in clinics, and learning some relevant knowledge is of great benefit to doctors and patients
.
Classification of sleep disorders The American Federation of Sleep Disorders revised the "International Classification of Disorder, the third edition, ICSD-3" [1], which divided sleep disorders into 7 categories: (1) Insomnia; (2) sleep-related breathing disorders; (3) central dyssomnia; (4) circadian rhythm sleep arousal disorder; (5) parasomnia; (6) sleep-related dyskinesia; (7) other sleep Obstacles
.
According to this classification, night terrors, also known as sleep terrors, sleep terrors, are parasomnias: they suddenly wake up from sleep and scream or shout, accompanied by extreme fear of autonomic symptoms and behavioral manifestations (such as sleep Suddenly sitting up, screaming, or dancing, sweating, tachycardia, unable to recall the past afterwards, etc.
)
.
The pathogenesis of night terrors ▎ sleep cycle We know that the normal sleep structure cycle is divided into two phases: non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREM) and rapid eye movement sleep (REM)
.
NREM and REM appear alternately, and one cycle is called a sleep cycle.
The two cycles go back and forth.
There are usually 4 to 5 sleep cycles per night, and each cycle is 90 to 110 minutes
.
Source: https:// According to the performance of EEG, human normal sleep cycle is divided into five stages, namely NREM Ⅰ, NREM Ⅱ, NREM Ⅲ, NREM Ⅳ, REM ( International sleep medicine divides the sleep stages into five stages: sleep onset, light sleep, deep sleep, deep sleep, and rapid eye movement.
Some sleep has more frequent episodes of symptoms in a particular sleep stage, or even In some cases, it only occurs in a specific sleep stage
.
For example, night terrors mostly occur in children aged 4 to 12, mainly in NREM Ⅲ stage [1]
.
▎Inducing factors for adult night terrors are mainly psychological stress such as tension and fear.
The clinical symptoms can be improved after the emotions are effectively adjusted and the psychological stress is effectively released
.
The exact mechanism of night terrors in children is still not clear clinically, but it is generally believed that the imperfect development of the nervous system may have a direct and profound impact on it
.
Night terrors may have physical, psychological, or pathological reasons, and are mostly caused by bad stimuli.
Children often have a positive family history
.
Environmental factors: Artificial light and electronic products affect the body's circadian rhythm.
These lights can inhibit the secretion of melatonin and cause parasomnias in children [2]
.
Genetic factors: The length of sleep time in children at night is largely affected by genetic factors.
In maintaining the duration of short-term sleep, genetic factors play a leading role
.
Psychological factors: If you are too excited to play during the day or before going to bed, watch horror and thrilling TV shows or listen to horror stories at night, or parents often scold, intimidate, or beat your children, they will be overstretched and the brain will always be in a state of excitement.
, Prone to night terrors
.
Children’s sleeping habits, certain physical diseases, poor sleeping environment, etc.
may be factors that cause night terrors in children
.
If some children like to burrow their heads into the bed while sleeping, it is easy to cause hypoxia in the brain; some children fall asleep in a prone position or press their hands on their chests, compress the heart, affect blood circulation, and cause awakening at night
.
Identification of night terrors 1.
Epilepsy: For frequent or multiple episodes of night terrors, an EEG examination should be performed to rule out the possibility of epilepsy
.
In general, the EEG of night terrors is mostly normal.
If the EEG is abnormal, the performance of night terrors may be caused by epilepsy [3]
.
2.
Nightmare: Sometimes it is difficult to distinguish nightmares from night terrors
.
The identification in "Healthy Sleep Habits, Healthy Child" by Marc Weissbluth, an American medical doctor, is worth learning (Table 1)
.
"Healthy Sleep Habits, Healthy Child".
Source: a book purchase platform Table 1.
Differentiation of night terrors and nightmares For children with night terrors, what problems should parents pay attention to? 1.
Observe the children's emotions and relieve their anxiety , Relax and cultivate their strong will and cheerful personality
.
After going to bed, the family cordially accompanies the child to talk, or listen to a piece of relaxing music together, so that the child will fall asleep in a comfortable mood
.
Regardless of the child’s fault, treat the child patiently and tenderly, and try to find out the child’s strengths and give praise
.
2.
Appropriately increase the child's exercise volume during the day, which can promote the balance of brain neurotransmitters, enhance physical fitness, and improve sleep quality
.
3.
Cultivate children's good work and rest habits, don't turn on the lights to sleep, have a correct sleeping posture, and don't eat too much before going to bed
.
4.
The bed should be soft and the quilt should be light and warm; pajamas should be loose, not too small or too tight
.
5.
If your child has frequent night terrors, you should take your child to the hospital for related examinations
.
6.
In recent years, many studies have shown that the biological properties of vitamin D in addition to promoting the body's absorption of calcium and phosphorus, thereby regulating a variety of physiological functions, it also plays a role in improving sleep and treating sleep-related diseases [4]
.
Summary In summary, normal sleep has a very good role in promoting the growth and development of children.
Daytime fatigue will also be effectively eliminated during sleep and full energy will be restored, thereby enhancing the body's immunity and laying a solid foundation for maintaining the body's health
.
Although no drugs are used, the doctor’s advice and explanation have a better soothing effect on the parents of children with night terrors, so that they can let go of their anxiety; on the other hand, the parents of the children understand the knowledge of night terrors and are facing In such a situation, it can cope calmly and better alleviate the performance of night terrors in children
.
References [1].
Qin Junde, Gong Caifen.
EEG characteristics of onset symptoms during sleep and their relationship with sleep stages.
Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 2015, 14 (8): 690-692.
[2].
Yang Shichang, Xu Yahui, Yang Weiwei Current status of research on sleep disorders in children.
Chinese Journal of Practical Pediatrics, 2018, 33 (5): 397-400.
[3].
Petit D, Pennestri MH, Paquet J, et al.
Childhood sleepwalking and sleep terrors: A longitudinal study of prevalence and familial aggregation [J].
JAMA Pediatrics, 2015,169(7):653.
[4].
Huang Haizhong, Xu Yuxiang, Ren Yanni.
Analysis of Vitamin D in the Treatment of Sleep Disorders in Children.
Medical Theory and Practice, 2016,29(4): 507 -508.
Source of this article: Pediatrics Channel of the Medical Circle Author of this article: Zhang Guangcheng Editor in charge: CiCi recommends reading 9 cases of vomiting in children's specialties who have seen 9 visits and stumped! (Part 1) The truth is revealed: 9 cases of vomiting in children's specialties that have been stumped by 9 visits! (Bottom) Itchy, there are 21 mite allergies hidden in girls' eyelashes.
Can children with allergic physique be vaccinated? Things to know before children’s new crown vaccination.
The medical community strives for the accuracy and reliability of its published content when it is approved.
However, it does not make any comments on the timeliness of the published content and the accuracy and completeness of the cited information (if any).
Promises and guarantees, and does not assume any responsibility due to the outdated content, the possible inaccuracy or incompleteness of the cited information, etc. .
Relevant parties are requested to check separately when adopting or using this as a basis for decision-making
.
Copyright statement The original text of this article is welcome to forward to the circle of friends-End-
.
My mother sat at the examination table and told me: "After the child fell asleep at night, he suddenly screamed, his eyes straightened and sweating when he sat up
.
I asked him what happened, but he didn't say anything, and fell asleep after a while.
.
I asked him the next day, but I didn’t remember anything
.
After
2 months, this is the second time
.
"After some routine physical examinations on the child, the child is basically in good condition
.
I asked: "How is the child's activity in the kindergarten?" My mother immediately reacted: "The child has a very good IQ.
Except for this strange situation these two times, no other abnormalities have been found!" I suggest doing this for the child.
A polysomnography, video EEG, etc.
, the mother of the child thought about it and refused
.
I told her that the child may have night terrors, a form of sleep disorder
.
Regarding more detailed sleep disorders, I am not the specialist doctor, so I can only talk a little bit
.
If the child has frequent night terrors, he still hopes to undergo further examinations of the nervous system and sleep
.
The child's mother expressed understanding
.
As a pediatrician in a general hospital, you will encounter children from various departments
.
For the parents of children, if you hang up your account, they can at least give some advice and guidance even if they can’t handle it due to subjective and objective conditions.
.
Children’s sleep disorders are not uncommon in clinics, and learning some relevant knowledge is of great benefit to doctors and patients
.
Classification of sleep disorders The American Federation of Sleep Disorders revised the "International Classification of Disorder, the third edition, ICSD-3" [1], which divided sleep disorders into 7 categories: (1) Insomnia; (2) sleep-related breathing disorders; (3) central dyssomnia; (4) circadian rhythm sleep arousal disorder; (5) parasomnia; (6) sleep-related dyskinesia; (7) other sleep Obstacles
.
According to this classification, night terrors, also known as sleep terrors, sleep terrors, are parasomnias: they suddenly wake up from sleep and scream or shout, accompanied by extreme fear of autonomic symptoms and behavioral manifestations (such as sleep Suddenly sitting up, screaming, or dancing, sweating, tachycardia, unable to recall the past afterwards, etc.
)
.
The pathogenesis of night terrors ▎ sleep cycle We know that the normal sleep structure cycle is divided into two phases: non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREM) and rapid eye movement sleep (REM)
.
NREM and REM appear alternately, and one cycle is called a sleep cycle.
The two cycles go back and forth.
There are usually 4 to 5 sleep cycles per night, and each cycle is 90 to 110 minutes
.
Source: https:// According to the performance of EEG, human normal sleep cycle is divided into five stages, namely NREM Ⅰ, NREM Ⅱ, NREM Ⅲ, NREM Ⅳ, REM ( International sleep medicine divides the sleep stages into five stages: sleep onset, light sleep, deep sleep, deep sleep, and rapid eye movement.
Some sleep has more frequent episodes of symptoms in a particular sleep stage, or even In some cases, it only occurs in a specific sleep stage
.
For example, night terrors mostly occur in children aged 4 to 12, mainly in NREM Ⅲ stage [1]
.
▎Inducing factors for adult night terrors are mainly psychological stress such as tension and fear.
The clinical symptoms can be improved after the emotions are effectively adjusted and the psychological stress is effectively released
.
The exact mechanism of night terrors in children is still not clear clinically, but it is generally believed that the imperfect development of the nervous system may have a direct and profound impact on it
.
Night terrors may have physical, psychological, or pathological reasons, and are mostly caused by bad stimuli.
Children often have a positive family history
.
Environmental factors: Artificial light and electronic products affect the body's circadian rhythm.
These lights can inhibit the secretion of melatonin and cause parasomnias in children [2]
.
Genetic factors: The length of sleep time in children at night is largely affected by genetic factors.
In maintaining the duration of short-term sleep, genetic factors play a leading role
.
Psychological factors: If you are too excited to play during the day or before going to bed, watch horror and thrilling TV shows or listen to horror stories at night, or parents often scold, intimidate, or beat your children, they will be overstretched and the brain will always be in a state of excitement.
, Prone to night terrors
.
Children’s sleeping habits, certain physical diseases, poor sleeping environment, etc.
may be factors that cause night terrors in children
.
If some children like to burrow their heads into the bed while sleeping, it is easy to cause hypoxia in the brain; some children fall asleep in a prone position or press their hands on their chests, compress the heart, affect blood circulation, and cause awakening at night
.
Identification of night terrors 1.
Epilepsy: For frequent or multiple episodes of night terrors, an EEG examination should be performed to rule out the possibility of epilepsy
.
In general, the EEG of night terrors is mostly normal.
If the EEG is abnormal, the performance of night terrors may be caused by epilepsy [3]
.
2.
Nightmare: Sometimes it is difficult to distinguish nightmares from night terrors
.
The identification in "Healthy Sleep Habits, Healthy Child" by Marc Weissbluth, an American medical doctor, is worth learning (Table 1)
.
"Healthy Sleep Habits, Healthy Child".
Source: a book purchase platform Table 1.
Differentiation of night terrors and nightmares For children with night terrors, what problems should parents pay attention to? 1.
Observe the children's emotions and relieve their anxiety , Relax and cultivate their strong will and cheerful personality
.
After going to bed, the family cordially accompanies the child to talk, or listen to a piece of relaxing music together, so that the child will fall asleep in a comfortable mood
.
Regardless of the child’s fault, treat the child patiently and tenderly, and try to find out the child’s strengths and give praise
.
2.
Appropriately increase the child's exercise volume during the day, which can promote the balance of brain neurotransmitters, enhance physical fitness, and improve sleep quality
.
3.
Cultivate children's good work and rest habits, don't turn on the lights to sleep, have a correct sleeping posture, and don't eat too much before going to bed
.
4.
The bed should be soft and the quilt should be light and warm; pajamas should be loose, not too small or too tight
.
5.
If your child has frequent night terrors, you should take your child to the hospital for related examinations
.
6.
In recent years, many studies have shown that the biological properties of vitamin D in addition to promoting the body's absorption of calcium and phosphorus, thereby regulating a variety of physiological functions, it also plays a role in improving sleep and treating sleep-related diseases [4]
.
Summary In summary, normal sleep has a very good role in promoting the growth and development of children.
Daytime fatigue will also be effectively eliminated during sleep and full energy will be restored, thereby enhancing the body's immunity and laying a solid foundation for maintaining the body's health
.
Although no drugs are used, the doctor’s advice and explanation have a better soothing effect on the parents of children with night terrors, so that they can let go of their anxiety; on the other hand, the parents of the children understand the knowledge of night terrors and are facing In such a situation, it can cope calmly and better alleviate the performance of night terrors in children
.
References [1].
Qin Junde, Gong Caifen.
EEG characteristics of onset symptoms during sleep and their relationship with sleep stages.
Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 2015, 14 (8): 690-692.
[2].
Yang Shichang, Xu Yahui, Yang Weiwei Current status of research on sleep disorders in children.
Chinese Journal of Practical Pediatrics, 2018, 33 (5): 397-400.
[3].
Petit D, Pennestri MH, Paquet J, et al.
Childhood sleepwalking and sleep terrors: A longitudinal study of prevalence and familial aggregation [J].
JAMA Pediatrics, 2015,169(7):653.
[4].
Huang Haizhong, Xu Yuxiang, Ren Yanni.
Analysis of Vitamin D in the Treatment of Sleep Disorders in Children.
Medical Theory and Practice, 2016,29(4): 507 -508.
Source of this article: Pediatrics Channel of the Medical Circle Author of this article: Zhang Guangcheng Editor in charge: CiCi recommends reading 9 cases of vomiting in children's specialties who have seen 9 visits and stumped! (Part 1) The truth is revealed: 9 cases of vomiting in children's specialties that have been stumped by 9 visits! (Bottom) Itchy, there are 21 mite allergies hidden in girls' eyelashes.
Can children with allergic physique be vaccinated? Things to know before children’s new crown vaccination.
The medical community strives for the accuracy and reliability of its published content when it is approved.
However, it does not make any comments on the timeliness of the published content and the accuracy and completeness of the cited information (if any).
Promises and guarantees, and does not assume any responsibility due to the outdated content, the possible inaccuracy or incompleteness of the cited information, etc. .
Relevant parties are requested to check separately when adopting or using this as a basis for decision-making
.
Copyright statement The original text of this article is welcome to forward to the circle of friends-End-
