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Xinzhiyuan Report Source: Neuroscience Editor: Xiao Xianyu [Xinzhiyuan Guide] Researchers at Dartmouth College reported that unique information about familiar faces is encoded in a "neural code" shared in the brain
.
In addition, shared information about personal familiar faces extends to areas of the brain involved in social processing, which indicates the existence of shared social information in the brain
.
Even if the face is blind, the faces of acquaintances can always be distinguished
.
Why is this? Perhaps a study from Dartmouth College can answer this doubt
.
Is there shared social information between brains? The ability to recognize familiar faces is the foundation of social interaction
.
In this recognition process, in addition to providing visual information, personal related information of a familiar person is also activated
.
But how the brain processes this information among acquaintances has always been a problem
.
This time, the answer to this question may have been revealed
.
A new study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, for the first time clarified that unique information about familiar faces is encoded in a "neural code" shared in the brain
.
"In the field of visual processing, we found that information about familiar faces in past impressions is shared in the brains of people who have the same friends and acquaintances.
" A graduate student in brain science conducted this research and is now a neuroscience postdoctoral scholar at the University of California, Berkeley
.
"The surprising part we found is that the shared information about the familiar faces of individuals also extends to non-visual areas that are important for social processing, which indicates that there is shared social information between the brains
.
" Understanding the similarity of brain activity Sexual method—Hyperalignment In this study, the research team applied a method called Hyperalignment.
This method creates a common understanding of the similarity of brain activity between participants in the social activities of acquaintances.
The representation space
.
Hyperalignment schematic experimental method.
The team found 14 graduate students who had "knowledged each other for at least two years" as volunteers, and extracted their brains presented in three functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) tasks Data
.
In two of the tasks, the volunteers will first see the other "four acquaintance graduate students", and then they will see the "pictures of four unknown people", just to get familiar with them visually
.
In the third task, the volunteers watched some scenes of the Budapest Grand Hotel, which used some public movie data
.
The researchers mapped the volunteers' brain responses into a common representation space, which enabled them to use machine learning classifiers to predict what stimuli the volunteers were looking at based on the volunteers' brain activity
.
The results of the experiment show that the areas of the brain that are mainly involved in the visual processing of faces can accurately decode the identities of "newly recognized" and "previously recognized" faces
.
However, outside of the visual area, the brain does not have much decoding for people who have just been familiar with or have just met visually
.
Volunteers only know what this person looks like, but they don't know who this person is, and the brain doesn't have any other information about him
.
When decoding the identities of people who have been acquainted with in the past, the results of the study show that there are more shared information in the brains of volunteers, and the decoding area is not limited to the visual area
.
When decoding the identities of people who have been acquainted with in the past, the decoding accuracy is very high in the other four areas outside the visual system
.
These four areas include the dorsal medial prefrontal cortex (it is known to be involved in social information processing, processing the intentions and characteristics of others); the precuneus (this area is more active when dealing with familiar faces in the past); the insula (has been Knowledge is involved in emotional processing); and temporal-parietal connections that play an important role in social cognition and representing the mental state of others (also known as "theory of mind")
.
"Mind Theory" area "This conceptual space for sharing other people's personal information allows us to communicate with people we know together", Research Associate Professor of the Cognitive Science Program of Dartmouth University, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Professional Medicine, University of Bologna Said Maria (Ida) Gobbini, associate professor and senior author
.
Gobbini also introduced that the team’s past research using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) experiments found that when a person sees a person they are familiar with, these “theory of mind” areas in the brain will be affected.
Activate
.
"When we see a person we know, we immediately activate who that person is, which allows us to interact with familiar people in the most appropriate way
.
" For example, the way you interact with friends or family may interact with you Colleagues or bosses interact in very different ways
.
James Haxby, professor of psychology and brain science at Dartmouth University and co-author, said: "We used to think that it is possible that everyone has their own way of describing what people look like, but this is not the case
.
Our research shows that the brain is processing Familiar faces do use some of the general brain functions
.
"Reference: https://neurosciencenews.
com/social-brain-face-processing-19577/
.
In addition, shared information about personal familiar faces extends to areas of the brain involved in social processing, which indicates the existence of shared social information in the brain
.
Even if the face is blind, the faces of acquaintances can always be distinguished
.
Why is this? Perhaps a study from Dartmouth College can answer this doubt
.
Is there shared social information between brains? The ability to recognize familiar faces is the foundation of social interaction
.
In this recognition process, in addition to providing visual information, personal related information of a familiar person is also activated
.
But how the brain processes this information among acquaintances has always been a problem
.
This time, the answer to this question may have been revealed
.
A new study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, for the first time clarified that unique information about familiar faces is encoded in a "neural code" shared in the brain
.
"In the field of visual processing, we found that information about familiar faces in past impressions is shared in the brains of people who have the same friends and acquaintances.
" A graduate student in brain science conducted this research and is now a neuroscience postdoctoral scholar at the University of California, Berkeley
.
"The surprising part we found is that the shared information about the familiar faces of individuals also extends to non-visual areas that are important for social processing, which indicates that there is shared social information between the brains
.
" Understanding the similarity of brain activity Sexual method—Hyperalignment In this study, the research team applied a method called Hyperalignment.
This method creates a common understanding of the similarity of brain activity between participants in the social activities of acquaintances.
The representation space
.
Hyperalignment schematic experimental method.
The team found 14 graduate students who had "knowledged each other for at least two years" as volunteers, and extracted their brains presented in three functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) tasks Data
.
In two of the tasks, the volunteers will first see the other "four acquaintance graduate students", and then they will see the "pictures of four unknown people", just to get familiar with them visually
.
In the third task, the volunteers watched some scenes of the Budapest Grand Hotel, which used some public movie data
.
The researchers mapped the volunteers' brain responses into a common representation space, which enabled them to use machine learning classifiers to predict what stimuli the volunteers were looking at based on the volunteers' brain activity
.
The results of the experiment show that the areas of the brain that are mainly involved in the visual processing of faces can accurately decode the identities of "newly recognized" and "previously recognized" faces
.
However, outside of the visual area, the brain does not have much decoding for people who have just been familiar with or have just met visually
.
Volunteers only know what this person looks like, but they don't know who this person is, and the brain doesn't have any other information about him
.
When decoding the identities of people who have been acquainted with in the past, the results of the study show that there are more shared information in the brains of volunteers, and the decoding area is not limited to the visual area
.
When decoding the identities of people who have been acquainted with in the past, the decoding accuracy is very high in the other four areas outside the visual system
.
These four areas include the dorsal medial prefrontal cortex (it is known to be involved in social information processing, processing the intentions and characteristics of others); the precuneus (this area is more active when dealing with familiar faces in the past); the insula (has been Knowledge is involved in emotional processing); and temporal-parietal connections that play an important role in social cognition and representing the mental state of others (also known as "theory of mind")
.
"Mind Theory" area "This conceptual space for sharing other people's personal information allows us to communicate with people we know together", Research Associate Professor of the Cognitive Science Program of Dartmouth University, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Professional Medicine, University of Bologna Said Maria (Ida) Gobbini, associate professor and senior author
.
Gobbini also introduced that the team’s past research using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) experiments found that when a person sees a person they are familiar with, these “theory of mind” areas in the brain will be affected.
Activate
.
"When we see a person we know, we immediately activate who that person is, which allows us to interact with familiar people in the most appropriate way
.
" For example, the way you interact with friends or family may interact with you Colleagues or bosses interact in very different ways
.
James Haxby, professor of psychology and brain science at Dartmouth University and co-author, said: "We used to think that it is possible that everyone has their own way of describing what people look like, but this is not the case
.
Our research shows that the brain is processing Familiar faces do use some of the general brain functions
.
"Reference: https://neurosciencenews.
com/social-brain-face-processing-19577/
