Who is in charge of ups and downs: China's biomedical industry under the background of great separation and confluence

At present, China's biopharmaceutical industry is in the transition period of policy change, power change and quality change The continuous transformation of the new and old kinetic energy of the industry is accelerating The rigid constraints of some regional resources and environment are strengthening, driving the spatial reorganization of the industrial value chain and the optimization and reconstruction of the industrial ecology On the one hand, the industrial chain link presents the trend of "big separation" of R & D, manufacturing and service; on the other hand, the industrial space pattern presents the trend of "big confluence" of regional industrial clusters In the "one separation and one integration", the two driving forces jointly promote the regional pattern change of China's biomedical industry 1、 Great separation: industrial chain differentiation and spatial optimization and reorganization In the process of industrial technology transformation and enterprise strategic upgrading, the biomedical industry chain is continuously subdivided, which is not only reflected in the separation of R & D, manufacturing and service in the industrial chain, the rapid development of emerging service formats such as external cro and CMO, but also reflected in the separation and layout of the industrial chain and the optimization and reorganization of the spatial value of the enterprise in a larger scope （1） The rise of cro and CMO reflects the trend of separation of industrial chain, and active innovative SMEs become an important part of industrial ecology The core of the ecological circle of biomedical industry is patent drugs, and the research and development of new drugs is related to the core competitiveness of pharmaceutical enterprises In recent years, due to the increase of R & D and production costs, more and more pharmaceutical companies choose cro and CMO to undertake drug exploration and discovery (target selection and confirmation, compound discovery and optimization, etc.), preclinical research (animal experiment, drug toxicology research, etc.), pilot scale-up (synthesis process, dosage form selection, preparation process, etc.), clinical research, drug registration and commercial production, etc Link Figure 1 The boom of cro and CMO in the development and rise of cro in China has made the innovative small and medium-sized enterprises in the field of biomedicine lower the R & D threshold, get rid of the production line link of "heavy capital", and create favorable conditions for them to achieve breakthrough development with their own innovation strength China is short of "heavyweight" pharmaceutical giants in Europe and the United States In 2016 and 2017, there was no Chinese enterprise in the top 50 list of global prescription drug sales In April 2019, global data released the list of the top 25 global pharmaceutical companies, the only listed Hengrui pharmaceutical in China, whose revenue in 2018 is only 5% of the first Pfizer The ecology of biomedical enterprises in China is mainly small and medium-sized enterprises With the rise of cro, CMO and other emerging business forms, more and more small and medium-sized enterprises can complete the whole process from research and development to production without building their own laboratories and factories, which is conducive to promoting the formation of innovation ecology of biomedical industry It is worth noting that with the continuous subdivision of the industrial chain, there will be more and more node service enterprises, and more and more active small and medium-sized enterprises will not only improve the efficiency of R & D services and reduce the cost of R & D transformation, but also generate the demand for collaborative innovation in a wider range of industrial chains （2） To adapt to the upgrading of development level and the optimization effect of spatial combination of elements, enterprises began to subdivide the regional layout of R & D, production and service links After years of accumulation and exploration, a number of pharmaceutical enterprises in China have begun to take the road of innovation The innovation path of enterprises can be divided into three types: first, the transformation from imitation to innovation; second, independent entrepreneurship and innovation; third, the innovation of VIC (VC + IP + cro, "venture capital + intellectual property + R & D outsourcing service") which is light on assets 1 The typical case of the transformation from imitation to innovation is the layout path of Hengrui Hengrui R & D center, which reflects the process of realizing the optimization of spatial combination of elements through the detailed and hierarchical spatial layout with the upgrading of development level In 1992, Hengrui established its first R & D center With the upgrading of innovation strategy from "imitation" to "creation", Hengrui stepped out of Lianyungang and promoted the detailed R & D layout of each region In the Yangtze River Delta, Hengrui has set up R & D centers in Shanghai, Suzhou and Nanjing, forming a pattern of collaborative innovation in the Yangtze River Delta Among them, aiming at the rich talent resources and R & D center of transnational pharmaceutical enterprises in Shanghai, Hengrui Shanghai R & D center is responsible for the research of innovative drugs and biopharmaceuticals; Nanjing R & D center undertakes the selection of innovative drugs by Shanghai R & D center, including the salt forming, crystal type selection and preparation type selection of APIs; Suzhou R & D center is responsible for the R & D of biological innovative drugs and the production of high-end preparations Hengrui has also arranged R & D centers in Chengdu and Jinan according to the characteristics of each region In addition, to meet the needs of international innovation strategy, Hengrui has successively set up R & D centers in Japan, the United States, Germany and Australia Figure 2 layout path of Hengrui pharmaceutical R & D center Figure 2 Independent entrepreneurship and innovation path a number of innovative enterprises such as Baiji Shenzhou and zaiding pharmaceutical have emerged in China's biomedical field These innovative enterprises, according to the characteristics of regional elements, restructure the spatial value in a broader region For example, Baiji Shenzhou, founded in Beijing, has an industrial base in Guangzhou, zaiding pharmaceutical, founded in Zhangjiang, Shanghai, and an industrial base in Suzhou 3 Vic mode innovation path of asset light (VC + IP + cro, "venture capital + intellectual property + R & D outsourcing services") highlights the trend of separation of R & D, manufacturing and service layout The differentiation and layout of enterprises promote the flow of regional industrial factors with higher frequency, and to some extent, it also intensifies the competition degree of industrial resources in various regions In essence, the essence of regional industrial resource competition is the competition of resource optimization allocation efficiency How to carry out differentiation positioning, improve the allocation efficiency of resources such as land, talent, technology, capital and equipment, realize effective industrial organization, and truly build the industrial ecology in line with regional characteristics has also become an important topic for regional thinking 2、 Confluence: the rise of regional clustering From a global perspective, the trend of clustering layout of biomedical industry is obvious The first tier of Boston gene city and San Francisco Bay area, the second tier of Cambridge, Lyon, France, Hamburg, Germany, Kobe, Japan and other regions have gathered outstanding biomedical research talents, innovative capital, medical centers and research and education institutions, and the global high-quality enterprises of biomedical industry are looking to It's converging here China's biomedical industry is mainly concentrated in the Yangtze River Delta, Beijing Tianjin Hebei, Pearl River Delta, Chengdu Chongqing and central China In terms of economy and innovation, these regions have concentrated more than 50% of the output value of the national pharmaceutical manufacturing industry, 30% of the National Pharmaceutical Industrial Enterprises above Designated Size, and more than 30% of the CDE accepted the drug declaration volume From the perspective of industrial park development, Zhangjiang biomedical industrial base, Suzhou BioBAY, Zhongguancun Life Park, Chengdu high tech Zone, Donghu high tech Zone and other parks gather important innovation and industrial resources in China For example, Zhangjiang biomedical industrial base has 1396 domestic patent applications, 192 drug clinical trials and 479 drugs accepted by CDE All three indicators rank first in all parks in the country On the whole, the industrial resources of biomedical industry in China are converging to the Yangtze River Delta, Beijing Tianjin Hebei, Pearl River Delta and other regions The regionalization of industrial resources and the globalization of industrial links have jointly formed the pattern of the concentration of industrial resources in local areas and the coordination of industrial links in the global scope 3、 Separation and integration: who is in charge of the ups and downs when the pattern changes? At one end is the separation of industrial chain links More and more biomedical small and medium-sized enterprises have become the nodes of industrial ecology Their activeness affects the vitality and innovation of industrial ecology At the other end is the convergence of industrial clusters in the spatial scope The concentration of regional dots requires the coordination of industrial chains in a wider range In the process of industrial pattern change of "separation" and "combination", the ability to balance "separation" and "combination" is actually the ability to build efficient factor integration and main body coordination in a larger scope and deeper level This ability is not only reflected in the ability to improve the efficiency of resource allocation, but also in the organizational ability of industrial resource reorganization and industrial ecological reconstruction Specifically reflected in the following two aspects: (1) in the face of the deconstruction of "division", reduce the transfer cost of technology and manufacturing, promote the efficiency of collaborative innovation among industrial subjects, and make the efficiency of collaboration between industrial links higher than that within industrial links (2) In response to the reconstruction of "integration", we should take industrial chain collaboration as the core, build closer industrial chain collaboration in a broader space, from the regionalization of global resources to the globalization of regional industries, and realize the close collaboration between the development of vertical industrial chain and horizontal spatial chain 4、 Summary in the deconstruction and reconstruction of the pattern, close value link and efficient organization coordination become the key to determine the future industrial competition, and the most effective way to solve the resource link and organization coordination is actually the digital link of industrial resources and the digital coordination of industrial organizations Based on the industry digital platform, it can quickly realize the free flow of industry digital resources without boundary, region and hierarchy, quickly realize the resource link, and carry out the virtual reorganization of industrial organization, so as to realize the efficient core control of industrial chain and industrial ecological coordination The best way to predict the future is to create it! In the era of industrial separation and confluence, the ability of industrial digitalization is an important force to determine the new pattern of China's biomedical industry Whoever takes the lead in the integration of BT and it, will create the first opportunity and future for himself in the new race track competition!