Where will pesticide go in the future?

[market analysis of China Pharmaceutical network] the English name of pesticide is pesticide, which is composed of pest and cide (meaning "kill") From the meaning of English phrase, it can be interpreted as "killing agent" It can be divided into insecticide insecticide, which means pest; fungicide fungicide, which means pathogen and herbicide herbicide, which means weed (where is the future of pesticide with increasingly serious disease and pest resistance? Picture source: Baidu picture) Pesticide residues, zero growth of pesticides and other topics have always been the focus of discussion inside and outside the industry In the face of increasingly serious problems of disease and insect resistance and food safety, increasing the dosage of pesticides will not be the trend of future development Where should pesticides go in the future? Recently, Mr Zhang Yibin, a senior in the pesticide industry, talked about his views on future pesticides Insecticides, fungicides and herbicides are all related to "kill", which makes people think that pesticides are substances related to "kill", and they must be toxic if they want to "kill" Therefore, pesticide is a kind of toxic substance People mistakenly associate "poison" with "medicine", and draw an equal sign between "pesticide" and "poison" In order to change the name of pesticide, it is proposed that "pesticide" should be changed into "pest control agent", so as to change the word "kill" into "control", which is more scientific, more appropriate and more scientific Through the control of harmful organisms, the environment can be effectively protected and the "food chain" of nature will not be damaged So, what kind of substance should this "pesticide" be? What kind of "pesticide" will be in the future? Zhang Yibin believes that, like today's "pesticide", the primary condition of "pesticide" in the future is that it can effectively control the insects, bacteria and grass that hinder the stable and high-yield agricultural production and can effectively control the crops, as well as environmental health and safety Using insect's unique pheromone to control the growth and reproduction of insects will produce its unique substance - insect growth regulator Using insect growth regulator can effectively control insect population, greatly reduce the use of pesticides, and achieve the "reduction" of pesticide use At the same time, it can ensure environmental health and safety Insect growth regulators can be divided into sex pheromones, set pheromones, attractants, repellents and so on Insects have "sociality" (such as ants, bees), and "semi sociality" (such as beetles and Rangers), and they gather by pheromones For example, when the queen is attacked, it will secrete some chemical substances, which can make the workers in a certain area fly to defend immediately People consider using set pheromones to gather and kill insects Usually to kill dozens of acres or dozens of square kilometers of pests often need to use hundreds of grams or even thousands of grams of drugs However, by using a few milligrams of set pheromones, we can attract insects of tens of mu or even square kilometers to a place of tens of square meters with high density, and then annihilate them at one stroke At this time, we can reduce the dosage of pesticides by several orders of magnitude, greatly reduce the dosage of pesticides, and truly realize the zero growth of pesticide use However, due to the high requirements of photoactivity and chiral purity of this pheromone, it is very difficult to synthesize this pheromone At present, there are only 100 pheromones from hundreds of thousands of insects in the world Among the insecticides, fungicides and herbicides, herbicides are a kind of herbicides with large market category, structure and variety, and their mechanism of action has been studied thoroughly Nowadays, it is very difficult to find new herbicide varieties and categories At present, the development of herbicide resistant transgenic crops is also an important direction of herbicide development Plants have exclusive characteristics For their own growth and reproduction, they often secrete substances that can kill other plants People call them "different plants kill biomass" Through extraction, analysis and determination of its structure, it was further synthesized by simulation or used as a "lead compound" for the development of new herbicides In the future, the direction of fungicides is to activate the resistance of crop pathogens, which is the lower one among all kinds of harmful organisms, and also easy to produce resistance Human beings often improve their resistance to pathogens by eating health products, that is, immunity Some people also apply this concept to the disease resistance of crops, that is to say, by using certain substances to enhance the disease prevention function of crops, trigger or activate the disease resistance of plants At present, this kind of substance is called "disease resistant activator" academically, for example, enbenzisothiazole and activator ester are the early listed disease resistant activator varieties Resistance is an inevitable behavior or basic physiological function for all organisms to protect themselves The disease resistant activator itself has no bactericidal or bacteriostatic effect It can make crops not susceptible to disease after use, and its function can only be presented after a certain period of time It is necessary for all organisms to protect themselves by using their unique functions as the direction of developing new pesticide resistance The resistance formation of many organisms is often related to their genes and some substance or enzyme (such as P450 enzyme) formed by themselves It has been considered whether the material can be extracted or simulated to be a powerful weapon against the invasion of pests and a target for the determination and development of new insecticides
If the above mentioned substances can be applied in practice, it can completely change the concept of traditional pesticides, and really make pesticides change from simple "killing" to active regulation and control of harmful organisms, so that human beings can step into the "king of freedom" from the "Kingdom of necessity" The preparation and use of such "pesticides" are exactly what people expect and look forward to, no doubt It is much more difficult to prepare and use this kind of pesticide