When will the dream of soybean kingdom come back

Introduction: Reflection and Prospect of China's soybean food industry Soybean production once ranked first in the world in China At present, there is a certain gap between China and developed countries in terms of planting area, yield, variety and processing development Nearly half of the soybeans used for processing in China need to be imported Recently, with the outbreak of BSE, people have questioned the safety of animal protein, and scientists began to study more plant protein, The effect of soybean food on human health has also attracted more and more attention, which makes the soybean food industry in our country face a great opportunity for development Output decline is not optimistic Although China is the hometown of soybeans, its annual output is less than 1 / 10 of the global total output, with an average of 15 million tons From the first place in the world before 1954 to the fourth place (Brazil and Argentina ranked second and third respectively) The annual output of soybeans in the United States ranks first in the world, reaching more than 70 million tons, accounting for about 50% of the world total In fact, since 1996, China has become a soybean importing country from a traditional soybean producing and exporting country In 2000, China's soybean import soared Due to the uneven quality and price of soybeans, many enterprises would rather go to the United States, Brazil, Argentina and other countries to purchase soybeans than domestic soybeans Domestic soybean production has been declining, but the domestic market demand for soybean is growing At present, there is a long gap between the output and demand of soybean in China In 2000, the total processing capacity of soybean in China was 23.54 million tons, including 10.41 million tons of imported soybean, which is nearly half of the gap Oil mills need to import soybeans for 6-7 months every year to maintain production Therefore, China is listed as the "world's largest" soybean importer Industry insiders said that North and South America, especially the United States, have obvious price advantages in soybeans The price per ton in the Chinese market is about 500 yuan lower than that of domestic soybeans After China's accession to the WTO, its price will be further reduced According to industry insiders, soybeans are mainly used for pressing oil, making soy food and feed Taking oil extraction as an example, China's monthly crushing volume is 1.57 million tons, estimated at 100-200 yuan per ton of oil extraction profit, and the whole year is 1.8-3.6 billion yuan Such a huge market opportunity, however, has to bear the pain of ceding large profits due to excessive dependence on imports The processing of rough varieties is monotonous From the aspect of processing, the traditional soybean food in China has unique taste, flavor, rich nutrition, easy digestion and absorption, and full use of effective ingredients of soybean But at present, there are not many varieties and innovations There are 1200 kinds of bean products in the United States and only 100 kinds in China In addition, some products have high salt content, short shelf life, backward processing methods and low degree of mechanization The production mode restricts the development of the whole soybean industry At present, the export of soybean products is very small, such as Beijing is almost blank In addition, the sanitary status of soybean food processing in China needs to be improved: in the process of processing, there are secondary pollution problems from production water to machinery and equipment, and there are different degrees of security risks in traditional processing auxiliary materials such as gypsum, brine and other coagulants, Monascus natural pigment used in tofu milk for a long time; most of the transportation and sales processes are without packaging and cold Under the condition of storage, due to the large moisture content of tofu, soybean milk and other products, it is easy to lead to corruption Recently, in Guangdong, Jilin, Zhejiang, Liaoning and other places, "poor students' soy milk" incidents have exposed the "hard injury" of the health problems of soy products There is a great business opportunity in the long drought and rain However, all kinds of information have shown that: soybean food will become the mainstream food of human health, which also makes China's soybean food industry face a new development opportunity Since 1994, according to the suggestions put forward to the State Council and relevant ministries and commissions by the national food and nutrition advisory committee, China's cities have implemented the "soybean action plan" It is estimated that by 2010, the per capita consumption of soybeans in China will be about 16 kg, and the demand for soybeans will reach 23.1 million tons; by 2030, the per capita consumption of soybeans is expected to be 25 kg, and the total demand may reach 40 million tons In the "Tenth Five Year Plan" of food industry, China takes the soybean food industry as a key point of food industry, and gives support in policy and capital investment At the end of the "Tenth Five Year Plan", it is required to preliminarily form the framework of modern soybean food industry, and realize that the industrial soybean food accounts for 30% of the total consumption of soybean food In the world, as a healthy food, soybean is recognized and accepted by more and more people Especially in the western developed countries, soybean has many kinds of bioactive components, which can prevent the "rich disease" caused by over nutrition, including hypertension and heart disease Especially in recent years, the outbreak of BSE and FMD in EU has made EU, Latin America and other countries pay more and more attention to food safety Many consumers' dietary structure has changed from animal protein to plant protein This is a good opportunity for China to expand the export of soybeans and their products to the European Union and Latin America According to relevant media reports, because some people use soymilk instead of breakfast milk, the price of soymilk in Europe is far higher than that of milk at present In the international soybean processing technology seminar held in Harbin in October 2001, Dr Liu Keshun of the North American Soybean Food Association analyzed the current situation of China's soybean industry and put forward suggestions for the development of China's soybean industry to follow the international road He believes that in the processing and utilization of soybean, China should focus on the technical transformation and equipment renewal of traditional soybean food processing industry, so as to make it industrialized, commercialized and standardized; at the same time, we should invest heavily in the research, development, promotion and sales of soybean food, focus on the development of long-term quality soybean products and convenient soybean products, and develop them in a targeted way Products of Chinese consumers It is emphasized that the development of soybean food must start from the development of soybean varieties, increase funds, strengthen scientific research and cultivate new and excellent varieties Relevant experts also believe that although the processing technology of some advanced countries is temporarily in the lead, almost all the products are genetically modified foods Most of the products in China are non genetically modified soybeans In the absence of a final conclusion on the safety of genetically modified foods, our soybean food is undoubtedly more safe Therefore, the soybean food industry in China has broad prospects for development (author:) share to feed Weibo share to: