Wheat growing well in Henan Province at present

Introduction: current situation and analysis of wheat growth management in Henan Province This year, the wheat production in Henan Province started well, with a sown area of 73.4 million mu, an increase of 560000 Mu over the previous year; the wheat sowing base is good, the sown area is large when sufficient moisture is available, the key technology promotion area of wheat sowing is large, and the scientific and technological content is high; the growth of wheat seedlings before winter is relatively sufficient, and the seedling condition during the overwintering period is better than that in previous years However, the special climate conditions of last winter also brought some problems that can not be ignored to the wheat production of the whole province It is mainly manifested in the following aspects: the area of flourishing wheat field before winter is large; part of wheat field in winter is suffering from freezing damage, with the frozen area of more than 21.5 million mu, including the severely frozen area of more than 3.7 million mu; the occurrence of diseases and insect pests is early, showing a trend of heavy occurrence, especially stripe rust, which was found at the beginning of November last year Up to now, stripe rust has been found in 16 counties, which is rare for many years In addition, due to the slow recovery of temperature since the beginning of spring and the general delay of wheat rejuvenation, the management of wheat field started later this spring In view of the special situation of wheat production this year, the Henan provincial Party committee and the provincial government attach great importance to it All localities strengthen the organization and leadership, take effective measures, and strive to implement the work of wheat field management Up to now, the whole province has cultivated 57.74 million mu of wheat field in spring, fertilized 57.31 million mu, accounting for 78.7% and 78.1% of the wheat planting area, watered 21.45 million mu, controlled 56.06 million mu of diseases and insect pests, and chemical weeding 31.12 million mu Especially in winter, the frozen wheat fields have been fully managed Due to the timely management and technical measures in place, it effectively promoted the transformation and upgrading of frozen wheat seedling in the whole province 2 The current wheat seedling situation, existing problems and the next management suggestions: due to the solid and effective management of wheat field in spring, and with the gradual rise of temperature, the wheat seedling situation transformation in Henan is better According to statistics, the proportion of the first, second and third kinds of wheat seedlings in the province is 45:38.2:16.8, which is 8.8 percentage points higher than that of the same period last year At present, the wheat in the whole province is in the period of booting to heading from north to south According to the local reports, the wheat is growing well Although the wheat growth in Henan Province is generally good, there are still some problems that can not be ignored: first, there is enough rain and snow in the past winter and this spring, and the moisture is good, which is beneficial to the occurrence and spread of diseases and pests In the near future, with the further rise of temperature and the general rainfall in April 8-9, the occurrence of various wheat diseases and insect pests will continue to increase In particular, the occurrence peak of wheat stripe rust is from the middle of April to the first ten days of May At the same time, according to the prediction of plant protection department, this year, wheat midge in some wheat areas of the province showed a trend of occurrence, and there was a great risk of occurrence in some wheat fields Secondly, some of the wheat fields were de fertilized because of the insufficient application of base fertilizer, the excessive growth of wheat before winter and the excessive consumption of nutrients Third, drought appeared in some areas At present, the drought area of the whole province is 5.36 million mu In view of the climate characteristics of wheat growth in the middle and later period of Henan Province and the main problems existing in the current wheat growth, the next step of wheat field management should focus on the following measures: first, timely watering From heading to maturity, wheat needs the most water in the whole growth period It is very important to keep suitable soil moisture for the formation of wheat grain and the increase of grain weight Therefore, according to the needs of wheat growth and soil moisture in the field, water should be timely to ensure the water supply for wheat growth In particular, to grasp the time, timely and early grouting water can not only meet the needs of wheat growth, but also play an important role in stabilizing the ground temperature, adjusting the microclimate in the field, and preventing the harm of dry hot wind Second, timely control of wheat diseases and insect pests At present, it is not only the period when many kinds of diseases and insect pests occur in the whole province, but also the critical period for the prevention and control of wheat diseases and insect pests According to the prediction of plant protection department, the wheat diseases and insect pests in the middle and later period of this year will be more serious, mainly including stripe rust, sheath blight, powdery mildew, leaf rust, ear aphid, red spider and sucking bug Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the prediction of diseases and insect pests, check the condition of disease and insect as soon as possible, select the right pesticide, seize the favorable opportunity, and control in time Especially for wheat stripe rust, it is necessary to strengthen the general survey and control it in time Third, do well in foliar fertilizer spraying Spraying fertilizer on the leaf at the later stage of wheat growth can improve the symptoms of wheat de fertilization and supplement the nutrition during grain filling, which is an effective measure to improve the grain weight and quality of wheat At the same time, it can enhance root activity, prevent lodging and dry hot wind Therefore, during the period from booting to filling, foliar spraying should be done well, and "one spray and Three Preventions" can be carried out in combination with disease and insect control