What is the cause of migraine after eating a piece of bread?

December 19, 2019 / BIOON / -- migraine is the third most common disease in the world, which will cause pain to tens of millions of people In fact, nearly a quarter of American families have migraine family members Photo source: migraine at ifpnews.com is not only a headache, but also a series of debilitating related symptoms, such as nausea, vomiting, light sensitivity and dizziness It is often difficult to determine what causes migraine, which can be caused by the environment, hormones, genetics, a potential disease, or some food, such as cheese, red wine or chocolate In recent years, more and more attention has been paid to glutin in wheat, rye and barley As a registered nutritionist and neurologist who specializes in headache treatment, the author often asks his patients to try a gluten free diet Some people suffer from celiac disease, which is a digestive system disorder caused by gluten allergy Migraine and gluten are closely related Gluten can induce immune cells to release antibodies to attack the substances regarded as foreign bodies When the individuals without celiac disease take in gluten, it will enter the gastrointestinal tract and be broken down and finally absorbed by the body In the patients with celiac disease, the immune system of the body will treat gluten as an exogenous substance, and use a special antibody called glutamine transaminase (TG) 2 serum autoantibody to destroy gluten The problem is that the healthy tissues of the body are destroyed in this process In other words, when the people who are sensitive to glutenin eat glutenin, their immune system will treat glutenin as an intruder, and generate antibodies to capture and destroy glutenin If glutenin is located in the gastrointestinal tract and absorbed by other organs, the antibodies will find and break it At the same time, it will damage the tissue or organ where gluten is located This will lead to the inflammatory reaction of the body, make the body in a high state of alert, damage various healthy organs, and then the organs will release molecules, leading to vascular leakage, and release water, electrolyte and protein into the tissue, and then cause the body swelling This inflammatory reaction will affect the whole body, not just the brain; in addition to migraine, it will induce a wide range of symptoms, such as gastrointestinal problems, fatigue, learning difficulties, etc How does gluten induce migraine? Only observing the inflammatory response of an individual who is intolerant to glutenin may not fully explain the relationship between glutenin and migraine; in recent years, scientists began to understand the mechanism and cause of migraine through in-depth research, and now it is considered as a common family genetic disease Early theories suggested that migraine was caused by vasodilation, but now neuroscientists are beginning to realize that this may not be all; now researchers have found that the cascade of reactions that triggered migraine involves the nerves in the trigeminal neurovascular pathway (TVP), that is, the nerve set that controls facial sensation and bite and chewing Photo source: Wikipedia for example, when trigeminal vascular pathway is activated by the presence of gluten, it will induce the release of a variety of chemicals, including histamine, which is a substance produced by immune cells in response to injury, allergy and inflammatory events Recently, researchers have found that trigeminal vascular pathways produce a risk factor for migraine, a protein called calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) When CGRP is released, meningeal vasodilation will be induced When the vasodilation occurs, the water drinking protein will penetrate into the meninges, causing swelling and secondary Swelling will activate the trigeminal nerve, thus transmitting information to other areas of the brain, including the hypothalamus, which will produce migraine related pain In the past year, a new drug named CGRP monoclonal antibody has been approved by FDA for migraine prevention, which can effectively block the binding of protein CGRP to its receptor How does food induce migraine? Whether it is glutenin sensitivity, celiac disease or migraine, there is always an inflammatory process in the body The researchers hypothesize that the inflammatory response to glutenin will make the body more likely to activate the trigeminal vascular pathway, thus inducing migraine At present, researchers have never conducted large-scale research to clarify how glutenin induces migraine Later researchers hope that I hope to finish the plan In general, food-induced migraine starts within 15 minutes after the body contacts the substance; if some people are celiac positive or allergic to wheat, the answer is simple: remove gluten from their diet, and if it is not, do we still need to remove gluten from people's food? This may be worth a try, because there is also a disease called non celiac glutenin sensitivity If no celiac disease occurs in the ouxile people, but they suffer from the symptoms of gluten sensitivity, then the removal of gluten may help reduce the frequency and severity of migraine The researchers speculate that the reason may be that the removal of gluten will reduce the chance of inflammatory reaction in the body, and the inflammatory reaction can activate the trigeminal nerve, thus inducing migraine At present, the valley for migraine The study of protein elimination is still in the experimental results Finally, the researchers said that we need to use drugs to treat the whole person, including looking for potential causes of migraine, and it may be beneficial to exclude the dietary reasons Now there are many products without gluten in the market, which may make it easier for people to remove gluten from their diet Reference: [1] Steiner, T.J., stovner, L.J & Birbeck, G.L migration: the seventh disabler J headache pain 14, 1 (2013) doi: 10.1186/1129-2377-14-1 Prevalence and Prevention (AMPP) Study： Demographics and Headache‐Related Disability ， JHFP (2016) doi：10.1111/head.12878 【3】 Migraine and Diet 【4】 Celiac Disease 【5】Caja， S.， Maki， M.， Kaukinen， K et al Antibodies in celiac disease： implications beyond diagnostics Cell Mol Immunol 8， 103–109 (2011) doi：10.1038/cmi.2010.65 【6】Lars Edvinsson The Trigeminovascular Pathway： Role of CGRP and CGRP Receptors in Migraine ， JHFP (2017) doi：10.1111/head.13081 【7】Edvinsson， L.， Haanes， K.A.， Warfvinge， K et al CGRP as the target of new migraine therapies — successful translation from bench to clinic Nat Rev Neurol 14， 338–350 (2018) doi：10.1038/s41582-018-0003-1 【8】Lin Han，Yao Liu，Hai Xiong， et al CGRP monoclonal antibody for preventive treatment of chronic migraine： An update of meta‐analysis ， Brain and Behavior (2019) doi：10.1002/brb3.1215 【9】 How does a piece of bread cause a migraine？ by Lauren Green， The Conversation