What do people see before they die?

"I've been unconscious for a long time, and my thoughts seem to have separated from my body, floating, and passed through a dark tunnel, with a red light in front of me
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I saw my grandmother and my father, and my grandmother gave me my favorite dried sweet potatoes and fried peanuts.
I was ecstatic but couldn't stretch my hand out, as if bound by a rope
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I wanted to cry out for help, but I couldn't cry out
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My
father threw the food away, and snow fell in the sky in an instant
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My
grandmother and father suddenly disappeared, Satisfied and regretful, I turned to chase after them, drifting toward a dark intersection, as if something blocked me and dragged me back into the harsh reality
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The excitement, the joy, the serenity of meeting loved ones that I have experienced All the scenes disappeared without a trace
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” In July 1998, Liu Quankai, a doctor at Nanchang University Hospital, fell into a continuous coma due to severe hepatitis
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Later, he wrote about this near-death experience in a dissertation
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Coincidentally, Zdzislaw Beksinski, a master of the Polish dark arts, was dying in a car accident in his early years.
When he was dying, he saw nightmarish visions.
After waking up, he was troubled by these visions and decided to express them through painting (Figure 1)
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This nightmarish memory comes from the surreal world, making his paintings full of ghosts and mystery
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Figure 1 Zdzislaw Beksinski's paintings based on near-death memories (Source: Zdzislaw Beksinski's public works) With the continuous development of medical technology, many people who have been "dead" for a few minutes or even hours are fortunate enough to return to the world and have the opportunity to Answer a question - what kind of experience does a person experience when he is on the verge of death? In fact, many people who have been lucky enough to return to the world from the brink of death say that when they are on the verge of death, they experience inexplicable hallucinations, as if their consciousness is separated from the body
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However, due to the particularity of this phenomenon, it is difficult for scientists to conduct a more detailed analysis of this phenomenon
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What is a near-death experience? Near-Death-Experience (NDE) is a profound personal experience associated with death or imminent death
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The researchers say it shares similar characteristics: When feeling positive, such an experience may contain a variety of sensations, including detachment from the body, a sense of levitation, complete tranquility, safety, warmth, the experience of absolute dissolution, and the presence of light
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When feeling bad, the experience can be a painful one
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 Near-death experiences are not fantasy
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Such experiences generally include: the disappearance of pain, seeing a light or other image at the end of a tunnel, breaking out of the body and floating above it, or even flying into the universe.
The explanations for near-death experiences vary from science to religion
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Neuroscience research hypothesizes that near-death experiences are a subjective phenomenon caused by "disorders of physical multisensory integration" that occur during life-threatening events
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Some transcendental and religious beliefs about the afterlife include descriptions similar to near-death experiences
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In the United States, an estimated 9 million people have reported near-death experiences, according to a 2011 study in the Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
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Most of these near-death experiences result from severe injuries affecting the body or brain
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In their memories, near-death experiences were "more real than reality
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"
 Triggers for near-death experiences include blunt trauma, heart attack, suffocation, shock, and other life-threatening diseases or conditions
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In a hospital, one in 10 cardiac arrest patients has had a near-death experience
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Thousands of survivors who have escaped such pain and suffering say they have escaped from their wounded bodies and entered a realm beyond their daily existence, where the boundaries of time and space cannot bind them
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This shocking and mysterious experience changed their lives forever
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Recalling near-death experiences: More than just a hallucination? Advances in science in the 21st century have led to major changes in the scientific understanding of death, and at the same time, those who have experienced near-death experiences recall unexplained experiences
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A multidisciplinary team led by Sam Parnia, MD, director of critical care and research at NYU Grossman School of Medicine, recently published a study titled "Recalled experiences surrounding death: More than hallucinations?" in NYU Langone Health (Figure 2)
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The study, which reviews all relevant scientific evidence accumulated to date, is the first scientific study ever to reveal the full process of a near-death experience
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 Figure 2 Research results (Source: NYU Langone Health) The study concluded as follows: 1.
Thanks to advances in resuscitation and intensive care medicine, many people have survived death or near-death
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These survivors commonly had a near-death experience that involved a unique set of psychological recollections with common themes
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2.
Recollections of near-death experiences are inconsistent with hallucinations and psychedelic drug-induced experiences
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Instead, they follow a specific narrative arc involving the following perceptions (Fig.
3): Fig.
3 The whole process of a near-death experience (source: [2]) (a) Consciousness is separated from the body, with a high, expansive consciousness and awareness of death (b) the body follows consciousness to a destination; (c) a meaningful and purposeful review of life, including critical analysis of all actions, intentions, and thoughts directed toward others; (d) sensory feedback to a place like "home"; (e) to come alive again
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3.
The experience of death ultimately forms a previously unknown, independent sub-theme that is associated with long-term psychological feelings and growth states
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4.
Research has shown that gamma activity and electrical impulses are often a marker of heightened states of consciousness on the electroencephalogram (EEG), which is precisely linked to death, further supporting the claim of millions of near-death survivors, Their reports stated that they had experienced wakefulness and increased consciousness
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5.
Terrible or painful experiences related to death often have neither the same theme, nor the same narrative, unspeakable process
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"Cardiac arrest is not a heart attack, but a sign that a disease that kills a person is entering its final stages ," said author Pania
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"The advent of CPR showed us that death is not an absolute state, but a A process that can be reversed even after some people begin cardiac arrest
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 Why do scientists conduct scientific research on dying? When the heart stops beating, brain cells are not irreversibly damaged within minutes of being deprived of oxygen Damage
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Instead, they reach a state of "death" within hours, which allows scientists to objectively study the physical and psychological events associated with death
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To date, there is evidence that neither physiological nor cognitive processes end with death, although systematic studies have failed to demonstrate the authenticity, meaning, and divergent consciousness associated with death in patients' experiences, the researchers said.
Their existence cannot be denied
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"Few studies have explored what happens when we die in an objective and scientific way, but these findings provide intriguing insights into 'how human consciousness exists' and may pave the way for further research," Pania added.

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 Near-death experiences are similar to complex partial seizures in epilepsy Many neurologists have noted certain similarities between near-death experiences and complex partial seizures in epilepsy
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An article published in Scientific American "WhatNear-Death Experiences Reveal about the Brain" revealed this puzzle (Figure 4)
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Studies have found that this type of epilepsy causes loss of consciousness and tends to occur in specific areas of one brain hemisphere
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The onset is aura, and the patient may have a characteristic aura experience
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People with epilepsy may be unable to perceive the size of objects, have abnormal taste, smell, or bodily sensations, experience memory hallucinations, have symptoms of depersonalization, or fall into ecstasy
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Figure 4 Research results (Source: Scientific American) Neurosurgeons implanted electrodes that stimulated a cortical area called the insula in the brains of epileptic patients, inducing ecstatic feelings
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This helps locate the epilepsy lesion in preparation for possible surgical resection
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Patients report that they are ecstatic, happy, and have increased self-awareness or perception of the outside world
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Stimulating gray matter in other areas of the brain can also cause them to experience out-of-body experiences or visual hallucinations
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 Whether the epilepsy is induced by a spontaneous disease or triggered by a surgeon's electrodes, the straightforward link between abnormal neural activity patterns and subjective experiences demonstrates that the sensations arise from physiological mechanisms rather than paranormal factors such as the soul
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The same may be true of near-death experiences
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 Why does the brain, in the face of blood loss and oxygen deprivation, treat its struggle to function as a positive, blissful experience rather than fear? We still haven't found the answer
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Interestingly, however, humans also experience extremes in other contexts
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For example, when diving, alpine climbing, flying, playing choking or fainting games, reduced oxygen can make people happy, dizzy, and highly excited
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Perhaps many forms of death involve this state of ecstasy, provided the person is clear-headed and not paralyzed by opium or other pain-relieving drugs
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Before entering what Hamlet called the "mysterious realm where no one has ever returned," a mind bound by a dying body will visit its own heaven or hell
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 The exploration of near-death experiences is also an exploration of human nature
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Research on "near-death experiences" does not mean that there must be an "after-death world"
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It means more that we can still comfort and help when we can no longer heal and save
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If NDEs are mostly warm and peaceful, then we, who know this, will be more at ease when we approach death
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Source of the title map: The Conversation, only for academic exchanges
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Author|Qiao Weijun Typesetting|Mu Zijiu End Reference: [1]Recalled experiences surrounding death: More than hallucinations?https:// S, Post SG , Lee MT.
et al.
Guidelines and standards for the study of death and recalled experiences of death––a multidisciplinary consensus statement and proposed future directions Doi:10.
1111/nyas.
[3]https:// what-near-death-experiences-reveal-about-the-brain/[4]https://mp.
weixin.
qq.
com/s/RZJ8dg0DT6umU2sJs6n4GQ