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The annual cancer statistics report Cancer Statistics is released
.

Although the United States is currently mired in the new crown crisis, it has won great success in the battle against cancer launched in the early 1990s

The annual cancer statistics report Cancer Statistics is released

According to the American Cancer Society (ACS), the risk of dying from cancer in the United States has continued to decline over the past 28 years, with cancer mortality falling 32% from a peak in 1991 to 2019 (the most recent year for which data are available).

This report only publishes cancer data in the United States.

How to control the rapid spread of cancer in China has become one of the top priorities for medical experts and drug experts

The impact factor of the journal CA has reached a terrifying height: 508.
702, and the number of citations in the report published this time far exceeds this value
.

Impact factor

The five aspects are as follows to interpret and analyze this report
.

interpret

01

01 01

Why U.
S.
Cancer Death Rates Continue to Decline

Why the U.
S.
Cancer Death Rate Continues to Fall

From 1991 to 2019, cancer death rates in the U.
S.
fell by 32 percent, a huge success largely attributed to tobacco control, which reduces lung and other organ function and causes many cancers
.

Cancer incidence trends by sex in the United States from 1975 to 2018
.

Between 1991 and 2019, the shaded area on the graph represents the number of cancer deaths avoided for both men and women in the United States
.

The blue line represents the actual number of cancer deaths recorded each year; the red line represents the expected number of cancer deaths if cancer mortality remained at its peak

Of course, there are also advances in technology and equipment, such as postoperative chemotherapy for breast and colon cancer, combined treatment of multiple cancers, faster and more precise treatment of certain cancers (including breast, cervical, colon, prostate, rectal cancers) and lung cancer ) for screening , prevention , and early detection
.

Precise lung cancer screening and prevention for breast and colon cancer

From 2015 to 2019, the risk of dying from cancer in the United States decreased by about 2% per year, compared with 1% per year in the 1990s
.

The accelerated decline in cancer mortality demonstrates the power of prevention, screening, early diagnosis, and treatment technologies

The researchers also pointed out that the success of reducing cancer mortality in the United States is a big step forward, but more investment should be made in these two important areas:

One is to expand theoretical knowledge and cancer research;

The second is to ensure that cancer control programs reach all people more broadly and equitably
.

02

02 02

The survival rate of lung cancer patients has greatly improved, but its threat is still the greatest

The survival rate of lung cancer patients has been greatly improved, but its threat is still the greatest.
The survival rate of lung cancer patients has been greatly improved, but its threat is still the greatest.

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death
.

In recent years, more and more lung cancer patients are diagnosed at an early stage and receive timely treatment, thus prolonging their lives
.

From 2014 to 2018, the rate of patients diagnosed with early stage lung cancer increased by 4.
5% per year, so the probability of diagnosing late stage patients dropped sharply, resulting in an overall improvement in the 3-year survival rate of lung cancer
.

In fact, the improvement in lung cancer survival rates is also largely due to improvements in the following four areas:

In fact, the improvement in lung cancer survival rates is also largely due to improvements in the following four areas:

Tests to diagnose lung cancer

video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery

Update to pathological stage

Drug targeting most common gene mutation in lung cancer

Rebecca Siegel

"Improved lung cancer outcomes may also reflect the passage of Medicaid-related legislation," added Rebecca Siegel, lead author of Cancer Statistics 2022, "in addition to the American Cancer Society (ACS) and American Preventive Medicine efforts.
The USPSTF prioritized recommending lung cancer screening, even though the screening rate is low, it still contributes to the early diagnosis of cancer
.

"

However, other statistics about lung cancer also require us to be alert:

As the deadliest disease of all cancers, lung cancer still kills more than 350 people every day—more than breast, prostate, and pancreatic cancer combined, and is2.
5 times the rate of colorectal cancer, the second leading cause of cancer death in the United States
.

Pancreatic cancercolorectal cancer

In 2022, about 10% of lung cancer deaths are likely to be caused by smoking
.

The amount and duration of smoking an individual increases the risk of developing lung cancer, with smokers being 25 times more likely to develop lung cancer than those who never smoke

Secondhand smoke causes nearly 3% of new lung cancer diagnoses, and is expected to cause approximately 3% of deaths in this population in 2022
.

Besides smoking, another major cause of lung cancer is exposure to radon gas from the soil (which can accumulate indoors)
.

also needs our attention

03

03 03

Progress in the treatment of prostate and breast cancer brings joy and worry to both men and women

Progress in the treatment of prostate cancer and breast cancer, both men and women are both happy and worried

Cancers of the prostate, lung and bronchus (hereafter referred to as lung cancer) and colorectal cancer (CRC) account for almost half (48%) of all cases in men, with prostate cancer alone accounting for 27% of diagnoses
.

For women, breast, lung and colorectal cancers accounted for 51% of all new cases, with breast cancer alone accounting for nearly a third
.

prostate cancer

prostate cancer

From the mid-1990s to the present, the risk of dying from prostate cancer has been reduced by about 50%, because screening through the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test can detect prostate cancer early, and through early intervention, treatment, Can reduce the risk of death
.

But in recent years, the risk of dying from prostate cancer has declined by only about 0.
6% per year.
The reason for the slow progress may be related to changes in screening guidelines .
Although screening helps reduce mortality, there is growing evidence that PSA testing It has its drawbacks.
The increase of its value does not confirm that it must be prostate cancer.
Overdiagnosis and overtreatment have caused undue harm to patients
.

guide

In 2008, an authoritative agency in the United States recommended not routine PSA screening for men 75 years of age and older, and in 2012 it recommended not PSA testing for all men, which has led to fewer men being screened
.

Initially, after PSA testing was reduced, prostate cancer diagnoses dropped rapidly
.

From 2014 to 2018, the mortality rate for tumors located in the prostate remained stable
.

As a result, the ACS researchers noted that "the potential of PSA testing to reduce mortality from prostate cancer through early detection of the potentially fatal disease is underutilized and remains controversial
.
"

"After the 2012 guideline change, black men's PSA test declined more than white men," Siegel said.
"
This is concerning because studies have found that PSA testing is more important for black men, who are more likely to die from prostate cancer than white men.
twice that of men
.
"

breast cancer

breast cancer

Since the mid-2000s, the incidence of breast cancer in women has been increasing at a slow rate of about 0.
5% per year
.
The rise in diagnoses is partly due to more women being obese, having fewer children and having their first child after age 30
.

The rate of decline in breast cancer mortality has slowed in recent years, which may be related to the rise in incidence and the maintenance of mammography rates
.

04

04 04

Cancer persists due to racial disparities, with black Americans at higher risk than whites

Cancer persists due to racial disparities, black Americans have higher risk than whites Cancer persists due to racial disparities, black Americans have higher risk than whites

Cancer incidence and mortality are strongly associated with race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status
.
Persistent wealth inequality, which makes it difficult for some to access high-quality health care, can be largely attributed to racism in the United States
.

Cancer disparities arise when cancer prevention, early screening, and treatment differ based on social factors such as race, income, sexual orientation, gender identity, or where you live
.
Most inequalities in wealth, education, and living standards for people of color stem from historical and long-standing structural racism and discrimination
.

The Covid-19 pandemic has greatly reduced the energy expended in the search for cancer prevention, early detection and treatment
.
Given the inequalities the pandemic has created for communities of color, these medical delays could exacerbate disparities in cancer
.

Here is an example of statistics showing these differences:

In 2019, 27 percent of men with no high school education smoked, compared with 6 percent of men with a college degree
.
This is due to tobacco companies specifically marketing in communities where many people have lower incomes
.

Although the incidence of breast cancer in black women is 4% lower than in white women, the breast cancer death rate in black women is 41% higher than in white women
.
Cancer survival rates for blacks are lower than for whites across nearly all cancer types
.

Among all major racial/ethnic groups in the United States, American Indians and Alaska Natives (AIANs) have the highest rates of liver cancer
.
AIAN people have more than twice the risk of liver cancer than white people
.

05

05 05

Childhood and Adolescent Cancer

Childhood and Adolescent Cancer Childhood and Adolescent CancerChildhood

Cancer is the second most common cause of death among children ages 1 to 14 in the United States, with accidents the most common cause
.

In 2022, an estimated 10,470 children will be diagnosed with cancer and 1,050 children will die of cancer
.

Although childhood cancer rates have risen since the mid-1970s, childhood cancer mortality rates have fallen by 71 percent since 1970, largely due to improved treatments and more children participating in clinical trials
.

Leukemia remains the most common childhood cancer, accounting for 28% of all cancers in children
.
Although from 1970 to 2019, the death rate from leukemia dropped by 84%
.

leukemia

Brain and other nervous system tumors are the second most common type, accounting for 26% of all childhood cancers
.

Similar to children, teenage cancer rates have risen slightly over the decades, while cancer death rates have fallen 61% from 1970 to 2019

Brain and other nervous system tumors are the most common type, accounting for about 21 percent of juvenile cancers, followed by lymphomas at 19 percent
.

lymphoma

For a number of complex reasons, including low enrollment in clinical trials, differences in treatment regimens, and tolerability and adherence to treatment, oncology treatment progress in adolescents lags somewhat behind that in children
.

In short, in this report, the American Cancer Society states that at least 42% of new cancers are avoidable because 19% of them are caused by smoking and at least 18% are caused by being overweight.
, alcohol consumption, malnutrition, and lack of physical activity
.

If we maintain good living habits, perhaps we can greatly reduce the risk of disease in this area
.

06

06 06

If the spread of tobacco is controlled in the country, the cancer epidemic will be controlled

If the spread of tobacco is controlled in China, the cancer epidemic will be controlled If the spread of tobacco is controlled in China, the cancer epidemic will be controlled

How China can control the growing cancer data is probably one of the biggest medical problems before our eyes after the new crown
.

This is because China has the largest group of smokers in the world, and smoking causes a large number of cancer cases every year
.

The latest research results found that in 2019, there were 341 million smokers in China, accounting for 1/3 of the world's smokers, ranking first in the world, and another 740 million non-smokers suffered from second-hand smoke
.

Smoking deaths in China increased from 1.
5 million in 1990 to 2.
4 million in 2019
.
In 2019, the number of deaths due to smoking was 2.
4 times that of the second India, accounting for 31.
2% of the world
.

Tobacco kills more than 1 million people in China every year
.
It can be said that, to a certain extent, China will control the prevalence of cancer by controlling the tobacco epidemic in the future
.

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