Uncover the mysterious relationship between intestinal flora and various diseases!

In recent years, with the continuous in-depth research of scientists, they began to find that the intestinal flora of the body is directly related to the occurrence of a variety of human diseases In this paper, the editor will sort out the relevant research results and share them with you! Photo source: American Heart Association [1] intestinal flora or news related directly to hypertension and depression Last, scientists from the University of Florida reported their latest research results The researchers found that there were some differences in intestinal flora between patients with hypertension and patients with hypertension combined with depression According to researcher Bruce R Stevens, the human population is a complex composed of approximately the same number of cells and bacteria There is a certain interaction between the ecology of intestinal flora and the body's physiology and brain, which will make some people suffer from hypertension and depression In the future, health experts may be able to target the intestinal tract to inhibit, diagnose and selectively treat different forms of hypertension At present, researchers are expected to develop new therapies based on the current research results to improve the treatment of hypertensive patients with treatment tolerance About 20% of hypertensive patients have no response to the treatment, or even to a variety of drugs 【2】 Nat Med: Peking University scientists have found that the new mechanism of intestinal flora regulating polycystic ovary syndrome doi: 10.1038/s41591-019-0509-0 polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is characterized by androgen excess, ovulation dysfunction and polycystic ovary, often accompanied by insulin resistance At present, researchers do not know the mechanism of ovulation dysfunction and insulin resistance in PCOS patients, which seriously limits the development of related drugs and treatment methods Previous studies have found that the improvement of metabolic health is related to the increase of gene content and microbial diversity Therefore, a team including academician Qiao Jie from the Third Hospital of Peking University, associate researcher Pang Yanli and researcher Jiang changtao from the school of basic medicine of Peking University Medical Department studied the regulatory effect of intestinal microflora and its metabolites on PCOS related ovarian dysfunction and insulin resistance, and the relevant research results were published in the Journal nature medicine 【3】 Immunity: how can intestinal flora induce aging? Doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2018.09.017 for many years, scientists have been studying different bacteria living in human intestinal tract How does the community have a significant impact on the function of the body, including the immune system of the body; intestinal flora is sometimes called "symbiotic bacteria", which exists in all animals living in a certain functional balance When this balance is broken, it will cause the host body to appear symbiotic disorder The performance of Dysbiosis, such as diseases or drugs, is often related to a series of diseases and even reduces the life span of the body Although scientists have conducted a lot of research, they still don't know how the intestinal flora affects the health of the body Recently, in a research report published in the international journal immunity, scientists from the Federal Institute of technology in Lausanne, Switzerland, clarified how to induce the host organism to develop symbiotic disorder after the immune system problems, so as to promote the occurrence of age-related diseases In this paper, the researchers have conducted relevant research on Drosophila melanogaster Drosophila melanogaster is a model organism commonly used to study the biological characteristics of intestinal flora The researchers want to clarify the interaction between intestinal flora and the immune system through research They focus on a receptor protein called peptopolysaccharide recognition protein SD (pgrp-sd), which belongs to a type of model Recognizing receptors, in 2016, researchers found that pgrp-sd can detect exogenous bacterial pathogens and stimulate the immune system of Drosophila to resist pathogen infection 【4】 Nature protocols and nature: scientists clarify the relationship between intestinal flora and diabetes doi: 10.1038/s41596-018-0064-z recently, an international journal Nature In the Research Report on protocols, scientists from the University of Erebus and other institutions have spent more than 10 years to develop a new method, which can study how the metabolism of intestinal flora affects the health of the body; this method can be used in metabonomics research, that is, through chemical analysis to analyze the detailed information of thousands of molecules in cell metabolism In a 2016 study published in the journal Nature, researchers used this method to elucidate intestinal flora metabolism and diabetes With the help of this new method, researchers can analyze 2000 kinds of metabolites from a blood sample, which are micro molecules formed in the process of metabolism, including amino acids, lipids and sugars Professor tuulia hyotylainen, the researcher, said that data collection is an important step in analysis, but it does not always take as long as the actual data analysis, and the large amount of data collected needs to be connected with biological and medical problems In this study, researchers describe their working methods in detail Usually, the method part of a scientific paper is difficult to be copied by other researchers, especially in complex research with a large amount of data Scientific methods and research results are equally important, so it is very important to use reliable methods to get high-quality data Photo source: ara KOH et al Doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2018.09.055 [5] cell: to reveal the mechanism of imidazolidinic acid produced by intestinal flora leading to type 2 diabetes doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2018.09.055 in recent years, intestinal flora is related to health and several diseases However, only a few studies have explored whether the changing intestinal flora can directly affect the disease In a new study, researchers from the salgrenska Institute at the University of Gothenburg in Sweden confirmed that intestinal flora can affect the way cells respond to insulin, thus leading to type 2 diabetes, the results of which were published in the journal Cell These researchers found that treatment na? The intestinal flora of type 2 diabetic patients with VE) is related to the metabolism of histidine, which mainly comes from diet This then led to the formation of imidazole propionate Imidazolidinic acid destroys the ability of cells to respond to insulin Therefore, reducing the amount of imidazolidinic acid produced by bacteria may be a new method for the treatment of type 2 diabetes 【6】 SCI transl Med: intestinal flora or directly related to multiple sclerosis doi: 10.1126/scitraslmed.aat4301 multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disease Sexual diseases, that is, the body's own immune system attacks and destroys the protective layer around nerve cells, which is composed of myelin, and myelin is a kind of biomembrane structure composed of protein and lipid, which is why so far scientists have focused on the components of myelin membrane to find disease target antigens Recently, a report was published in the international journal Science Translational In the Research Report on medicine, researchers from the University of Zurich said through research that it may be necessary to broaden our research horizons to better understand the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis; the researchers pointed out that T cells can react with proteins called gdp-l-trehalose synthases, which are found in human cells and bacteria Cells form in the gut, and researchers often find this enzyme in the gastrointestinal flora of patients with multiple sclerosis Mireia sospedra said immune cells can be activated in the gut, then migrate to the brain, and induce inflammatory cascade reaction when they encounter mutation of human target antigen 【7】 Diabetes care: heavyweight! Intestinal flora may be related to type 1 diabetes! Doi: 10.2337/dc18-0777 recently, scientists from the University of Queensland clarified the relationship between diabetes and the body's intestines through research published in the international journal diabetes care The research may help researchers develop new therapies to slow down the development of patients with type 1 diabetes Changes in the gut microbiome may help predict and monitor progress in disease, the researchers said According to Dr Emma Hamilton Williams, type 1 diabetes is often a type of diabetes induced by immune attack on pancreatic tissue Previously, researchers speculated that there might be an unknown relationship between intestinal flora and diabetes progression, but they have not yet clarified the direct relationship between pancreatic gland function and intestinal flora In this paper, through the study of fecal samples of participants, the researchers found that the change of intestinal flora may not only be the side effects caused by diseases, but also may be related to the progress of diabetes 【8】 FASEB J: Southern Medical University found that intestinal microflora is related to organ damage in septic patients Doi: 10.1096/fj.201900398rr septicemia is a serious disease, which can lead to organ failure or even death A new human study published in the journal FASEB shows for the first time that gut microbiota in sepsis patients plays an important role in organ damage To carry out the experiment, the researchers first compared the fecal microbial composition of two groups: one group had septicemia, the other group did not They observed changes in the function and composition of intestinal microbiota in the first group compared to the second group The researchers then transplanted faeces into the recipient mice to induce sepsis and examine the mice for organ damage Although all mice were infected with sepsis, the liver damage in the first group was more serious than that in the second group These preliminary findings suggest that targeting intestinal microbiota may help people recover from sepsis 【9】 Nat commun: high fat diet leads to diabetes, gut microbes or the culprit doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-11370-y researchers found that our diet choices can weaken our gut immune system and lead to the development of diabetes More and more studies show that during obesity, our immune system often responds to bacterial components that "leak" through intestinal tissue and cause inflammation In turn, inflammation leads to insulin resistance, which makes people prone to diabetes In a new study recently published in nature communications, Dr Dan winer of the Toronto General Hospital Institute and the University of pathology Health Network (UHN) and his team emphasized how a high-fat diet affects B cells in the gut immune system, especially those that produce a protein called IgA During obesity, the researchers say, there is a low level of B cells in the gut that produce an antibody called IgA IgA is naturally produced by our bodies and is essential for regulating the bacteria in our gut It serves as a defense mechanism to help neutralize potentially dangerous bacteria that take advantage of environmental changes, such as when we eat unbalanced or fatty foods