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Researchers at Vanderbilt University Medical Center (Vanderbilt University Medical Center) have discovered a kind of nanoparticles released from cells, called "supermere", which contains a variety of cancers, cardiovascular diseases, Alzheimer's Zheimer's disease and even COVID-19 related enzymes, proteins and RNA
News from Vanderbilt University Medical Center December 10
The discovery, published in the journal Nature Cell Biology , is to understand the role of extracellular vesicles and nanoparticles in the transmission of important chemical "information" between cells (whether health or disease) Significant progress in the area
Nature Cell Biology Extracellular vesicles and nanoparticles transmit important chemical "information" between cells
The research was published in the journal Nature Cell Biology (latest impact factor: 28.
Robert Coffey, MD, the senior author of the paper, said: "We have discovered some biomarkers and therapeutic targets in cancer and many other disease states, and these biomarkers and therapeutic targets may be the carriers of these super particles.
Professor Robert Coffey
Coffey is the Ingram Professor of Cancer Research and Professor of Medicine and Cell and Developmental Biology.
In 2019, Dr.
"Exosomes" extracellular vesicles
That year, another colleague of Coffey, Dr.
High-speed ultracentrifugation technology
The members of the Supermere Discovery Team include (front row from left) Dr.
In the current study, Zhang used "supernatant", which is the liquid that remains after exons are rotated into "particles," and rotates the liquid faster and longer
The result is nanoparticles separated from the supernatant of the spinning exons, which the researchers named ultrafine particles
They contain many substances that were previously thought to be in exosomes
First, ultrafine particles carry most of the extracellular RNA released by cells,and these RNAs are present in the blood
Extracellular RNA
Extracellular vesicles and granules
Ultrafine particles are important carriers of TGFBI, which is a protein that promotes tumor progression in established tumors
TGFBI may therefore be a useful marker in liquid biopsy of patients with colorectal cancer
They also carry angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), a cell surface receptor that plays a role in cardiovascular disease and the target of the COVID-19 virus
ACE2 carried by ultrafine particles can be used as a "bait" to bind with viruses to prevent infection
Another potentially important cargo is APP, a beta-amyloid precursor protein that is involved in the development of Alzheimer's disease
Ultrafine particles can cross the blood-brain barrier, which indicates that their analysis can improve the early diagnosis of diseases and may even target treatment
Researchers from the University of Notre Dame pointed out in a review published with this paper: "Identified such a wealth of biologically active molecules.
Potential as disease biomarkers
Vanderbilt University founded in 1873
University of Notre Dame founded in 1842
references
Source: Vanderbilt University Medical Center
"Supermeres" may carry clues to cancer, Alzheimer's disease and COVID-19
References:
[1].
Zhang, Q.
, Jeppesen, DK, Higginbotham, JN et al.
Supermeres are functional extracellular nanoparticles replete with disease biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
Nat Cell Biol (2021).
https://doi.
org/10.
1038/s41556 -021-00805-8
[2].
Clancy, JW, Boomgarden, AC & D'Souza-Schorey, C.
Profiling and promise of supermeres.
Nat Cell Biol (2021).
https://doi.
org/10.
1038/s41556-021-00808-5
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