-
Categories
-
Pharmaceutical Intermediates
-
Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients
-
Food Additives
- Industrial Coatings
- Agrochemicals
- Dyes and Pigments
- Surfactant
- Flavors and Fragrances
- Chemical Reagents
- Catalyst and Auxiliary
- Natural Products
- Inorganic Chemistry
-
Organic Chemistry
-
Biochemical Engineering
- Analytical Chemistry
-
Cosmetic Ingredient
- Water Treatment Chemical
-
Pharmaceutical Intermediates
Promotion
ECHEMI Mall
Wholesale
Weekly Price
Exhibition
News
-
Trade Service
The cereals are one of the groups of crops more recalcitrant to transformation. Since, with the exception of rice (
1
), cereals have not been transformed by
Agrobacterium
, and highly regenerable protoplast systems are difficult to obtain, these species have remained untransformed for a much longer time than the major dicot species. It was not until 1988 and 1989 that the first transgenic cereal plants (maize [
2
]; rice [
3
]) were produced by the use of direct
DNA
-transfer into protoplasts. This method, however, has not yet given rise to transgenic wheat or barley plants, species in which the protoplast systems established are not as regenerative and stable as those developed for rice or maize.