Track the afterchio for 300 years

the week of September 26, 1665, five of the funerals held during the Great Plague of London were related to flue blossoms.
41 years ago, on 9 December, representatives of the Global Certification Committee for the Eradication of Nosals signed the statement that "no fewer than one has been eradicated from the world". At the 33rd World Health Assembly on 8 May 1980, nomchids were officially recognized for eradication.
To better understand the history of the flux and its vaccines and to draw on the current global epidemic of neo-crown pneumonia, researchers at the Canadian Institute of Health Information and McMaster University studied and analyzed thousands of records that recorded weekly deaths of people with flux in London, England, over the past 300 years.
analysis provides new insights into changes in the ecology of infectious diseases over the centuries, determining the time between epidemics, the scale of outbreaks, and even the seasons in which they occur. The paper was published on December 23rd in The Public Library of Science - Biology.
" study clearly demonstrates the value of disease surveillance. We now have a deeper understanding of the patterns of disease transmission, thanks to london's hundreds of years of systematic records. If these records are lost, we will not be able to see how epidemics such as low flowers change over time, or determine their association with historical and environmental events. David Earn, a professor at McMaster University and author of the paper, told China Science Daily.
the current coronary pneumonia pandemic, if we can also collect more detailed data, we will learn a lot in the coming years when we look back at the data, " he said. Earn said.is one of the most devastating viral diseases ever to hit humans -- three out of every 10 people infected. Those who survive are also often disabled, blind or disfigured. Until the 19th century, small flowers were thought to have killed more people than any other infectious disease, even plague and cholera.
speaking of the history of low flowers, I have to mention a 17th-century child mummy. The mummy, found in the cellar of a church in Lithuania, carries the oldest sample of the small flower virus. These viruses help answer the remnants of the history of petodries, including the time they occur in humans and when specific evolutionary events occur. The paper was published in Current Biology on December 8.
Duggan, a postdoctoral researcher at McMaster University's Center for Ancient DNA, and others collected decomposed smallpox virus DNA from mummies with permission from the World Health Organization. The researchers reconstructed the entire genome of the virus's ancient strain and compared it to the small-flower virus genome of the mid-20th century.
showed that the samples had a common viral ancestor that originated at some point between 1588 and 1645, a period of development, migration and colonization that helped spread small flowers around the world.
Now that we have a timeline, we need to find out if the early recorded historical evidence of small flowers is true, even dating back to Ramses V," said Henrik Poinar, director of the center. Whether they are real cases or misdiagnosis. In
provide a more accurate timeline of small flower evolution, the researchers also identified different periods of viral evolution. One of the most obvious examples occurred in the 18th century, when Edward Jenner invented cowpox vaccination. During this time, the small-flower virus appears to have split into two strains, large and small, suggesting that vaccination against small-flowers may have changed the pressure on the virus to choose, splitting it into two strains.to better explore the history of smallchiga, Earn and colleague Olga Krylova studied and digitized more than 13,000 records of small flower mortality weeks published in the London Mortality Report and the Registry Officer's Weekly Return between 1664 and 1930.
" current epidemic of new coronary pneumonia has led to increased attention to infectious disease transmission research and how public health interventions can change the progress of pandemics. "Our goal is to describe and make public the time series of London's weekly small-flower mortality rate and to identify historical events that may have affected small-flower dynamics over the centuries.
These data span an era that began before any public health measures were put in place, followed by the introduction of the flux vaccination (a procedure that extracts the flux virus from the pustules or coal of a patient, deliberately infects healthy people with the virus), and then the researchers discovered the vaccine, which eventually reduced the mortality rate from the flux until the last deaths of the littlepox in London were recorded.
" time covered by the data, nodding from a terrible and inevitable danger to an easily preventable infectious disease. The introduction of better control measures, especially vaccination, naturally reduces small flower mortality and ultimately eradicates small flowers. Earn told reporters.
of course, over the 267 years involved in the analysis, London has undergone significant demographic and social changes, and historical events such as the war and industrial revolution may have had a significant impact on small flower dynamics.
"it is clear that the introduction of nousive control measures - flux vaccination and subsequent vaccinations - has made it possible to eradicate it. Our analysis also shows that increased use of control measures and changes in public health policies are also associated with changes in the frequency of epidemics. Krylova said.data analysis showed that on August 12, 1610, the first outbreak of flurage in Britain. The first annual list of deaths (1629) recorded only 72 funerals for small flowers, but since then the number has begun to increase, for example, in 1634, the annual list recorded 1,354 smallchio funerals. The cumulative death toll from 17th-century flu eventually surpassed plague, leprosy and syphilis. According to the annual death record, between 1629 and 1721, about 97,000 people died from underflow (excluding 1637 to 1646).
1721, Mrs. Mary Waterley Montagu, a writer and poet, vaccinated her daughter in London. Over the next 20 years, vaccinations began, but were not popular. Between 1721 and 1727, only 857 people were vaccinated across the UK. Moreover, vaccinations carried out by British doctors are very rough and deep in indulations, which can lead to serious complications and mortality rates of up to 2%. The number of people vaccinated after 1768 increased and peaked between 1790 and 1808.
during the Industrial Revolution, more and more people moved to urban centers, triggering major demographic and social changes. London's population more than doubled from 730,000 in 1765 to 1.9 million in 1831. It has been argued that the increase in population size and population density will affect the rate of transmission of small flowers and the prevalence of patterns. It has also been suggested that the increase in the spread of fluo blooms during this period is the result of the evolution of the virus.
, with the intervention of national forces and the development of vaccine technology, the most recent outbreak of the flux in London occurred between 1901 and 1902 and may have been caused by viruses from other countries. Since 1902, there have been only very small outbreaks, with low incidence and very few deaths. In 1967, the World Health Organization launched a global campaign to eradicate it until 1980.
have tended to focus on the possibility of future accidental or intentional re-infection, but looking back is instructive, according to researchers. London's long history of recording the death rate from low flowers provides an excellent opportunity to learn from past experience about changes in the mode of transmission of infectious diseases.
Director-General of the World Health Organization, Tam Desser, has said that eradicating the afterchids is the greatest public health victory in history. It's a reminder that anything is possible when nations are united in their fight against common health threats.
Earn said that in the future, they would continue to study mortality rates from other epidemics on the London Death List and work to advance "proximity forecasts" and projections of epidemics to help policymakers make decisions. (Source: Tang Feng, China Science Journal)
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