"Three rural issues" survey: how to hold the hand of the countryside?

Introduction: Xu Shou, song Bao, Yonghui, a reporter from Shanghai channel of Xinhuanet, reported on March 8 that a modern and contemporary history of China, in terms of spatial sequence, is a history of interaction between cities and rural areas Xu Shou, song Bao, Yonghui, a reporter from Shanghai channel of Xinhuanet, reported on March 8 that a modern and contemporary history of China, in terms of spatial sequence, is a history of interaction between cities and rural areas In the 1920s, the "urban center theory" copied from the Soviet Union by the left opportunists made the new democratic revolution suffer a setback; it was the road of "encircling the city by the countryside" that finally solved the problem of the Chinese revolution and sent the people's regime into the city For more than half a century, the national policy of "supporting industry with agriculture" has continuously drawn the "blood" of agriculture to supplement the original accumulation of industrial capital, which has promoted the process of industrialization centered on the city However, the "dual structure" of urban and rural areas has made the gap between the two brothers, the city and the rural village, who are from the Republic's cytosol, widen Jl3 is another year of Jiashen The problems of rural areas, agriculture and farmers have become the top priority of the work of the party and the government To ignore the countryside is to ignore the legacy of China's history To leave the city for "agriculture, rural areas and farmers" is to have no way out for "three deafness" Reality is seeking the way out, and history is gazing at reality Now, it is time for the city to feed the countryside! China's rural areas are huge, with a large population of farmers, which is unparalleled in the world It is obviously unrealistic for 900 million farmers to follow a certain mode of development, but this does not mean that there is no practical practical practical mode to solve the "three rural" problem Therefore, in this special spring ploughing season, we go deep into the urban and rural areas of Shanghai, Jiangsu, Anhui and Hebei provinces, and pursue dreams, pursuits and questions - how can cities hold the hands of the countryside? Jl3 migrant workers vs City: can you guide me with your eyes? Jl335 year old Wu Yongxin, from Wuhe County, Anhui Province At several employment agencies in Jiangwan Town, Yangpu District, Shanghai, he has been patronizing for three days in a row, but his work is still at a loss "It's said that Shanghai work is easy to find, so I came with the fellow townspeople, and only when I came did I know that my capable work didn't know where to ask for people; I couldn't meet the technical requirements for the recruitment post, and I didn't have both ends, so I was suspended." However, it was rainy again Wu Yongxin didn't have an umbrella He covered his head with a plastic film wrapped in a quilt and walked in the rain He didn't know where to go "I only took 300 yuan with me when I went out It won't take me a few days to get rid of the tolls and eat for nothing." Wu Yongxin said that all the migrant workers in the world are the same They are most worried about two things in the city when they go out with their burdens on their shoulders: first, whether they can find jobs; second, whether they will be cheated by the employing units, promise not to count, and pay in arrears Jl3 was worried that they could not stop the migrant workers from entering the city After all, working is the most feasible way to increase farmers' income at this stage, which is the lowest cost, the least risk and the best benefit When farmers in some places lose their land, they have to sell their last wealth, strength or technology, as long as their healthy body is still there Taking Dingyuan County, a large agricultural county in Northern Anhui Province as an example, 1 / 5 of the 760000 agricultural population work outside In the income composition of local farmers, the proportion of grain, sideline and working is about 1:3:6 The annual working income of the county is about 750 million yuan Therefore, in its county economic development planning, labor export and aquaculture, forestry are equally important Expanding to Anhui Province, the annual revenue from labor export is more than 60 billion yuan, which is equivalent to the annual financial revenue of Anhui Province In the local area, there is a saying that migrant workers created a "mobile Anhui" outside This is not the case in the underdeveloped provinces Even in Jiangsu Province, in 2003, more than 720000 new labor services were exported The per capita labor income of farmers was 737 yuan, an increase of 110 yuan The increase in labor income accounted for nearly half of the increase in farmers' income, becoming the main channel for farmers to increase their income Practice shows that the key to increase farmers' income is to increase labor service income However, jl3 has a problem in front of the "Wu yongxinren" migrant workers: poor information and low technology make it difficult to find jobs, and the blindness and ineffectiveness resulting from this will erode the function of increasing labor income In Nanjing's labor market, the reporter found that: on the one hand, groups of migrant workers are waiting hard to find jobs; on the other hand, many enterprises are worried about finding suitable employees There are two reasons for "some people have nothing to do, some things have no one to do": first, the current output of rural labor force is still dominated by "relying on nature to eat", driven by spontaneous organizations or relatives and friends, which is basically in a state of blind transfer and disordered flow; second, migrant workers lack basic skills training The buyer of jl3 labor service is in the city, and the breakthrough of "bottleneck" is naturally inseparable from the city Separated from Wu Yongxin's hometown, Wuhe County, Anhui Province, is Shuyang County, Jiangsu Province Compared with Wu Yongxin, Wang Yigui, a migrant worker in Shuyang, is "much happier" He works in a hardware enterprise in Kunshan, a strong economic County in southern Jiangsu Province He has buses to and from the city and back home Before entering the factory, he has unified training His salary and labor insurance are handled according to the contract "Because it's linked, we're very careful Just do the work well, and don't worry about the rest." Wang Yigui's "hook" refers to "North South Link, counterpart labor cooperation" Since 2003, Jiangsu province has launched the "5 million farmers transfer project", which ensures the export of 500 thousand new labor services every year and strives to export 700 thousand people By 2010, it will achieve the goal of transferring 5 million surplus rural population to employment The government encourages Southern Jiangsu Province, which has a developed industrial economy and a large demand for labor force, to carry out targeted labor training and export in accordance with the local employment needs and in line with the cities and counties in Northern Jiangsu and Middle Jiangsu where the agricultural population is surplus and the income of farmers is difficult to increase Jl3 in southern Jiangsu, Kunshan, Suzhou and other 12 counties and cities are linked with Xuzhou, Huai'an, Yancheng, Suqian and Lianyungang in Northern Jiangsu Since 2002, Kunshan City has become the labor cooperation object of Shuyang, the largest county with a population of more than 1.74 million and the economically poor county in Jiangsu Province 11 towns in Kunshan have established corresponding labor input and output bases with Shuyang Shuyang has long provided labor support for 150 enterprises in Kunshan Every year, there are no less than two job fairs held from Kunshan to Shuyang At the beginning of February this year, Kunshan City organized 33 household units to recruit in Shuyang, providing more than 7000 job information In 2003, Kunshan City alone absorbed more than 160000 migrant workers from northern Jiangsu More than one out of every five migrant workers was the beneficiary of the "North South Link" Jl3 rural vs urban: "the hope of rural areas lies in that if people want to come out, they will live." jl3 "can learn a skill and benefit for life; if one goes out, the whole family will get rid of poverty." Wang Yigui said that the slip is well known in his hometown "North South linkage" is promoted by the government, while "order training" is the step of attracting migrant workers into the city with the vision of the city under the multi-party participation and market operation On the part of the government, Jiangsu Province has formulated the training plan for migrant workers in 2004-2010, which adopts the way of government subsidies linked to the output after training, and the combination of individual payment and financial subsidies to provide vocational skills training for all qualified farmers This year, Jiangsu Province has invested 40 million yuan in special funds to encourage social education and carry out targeted labor transfer order training For each training output of 1 person, the government will reward 100 yuan Some social intermediaries and employing enterprises establish cooperative labor service companies, which integrate skills training, career introduction, service management and rights maintenance They carry out eight guarantees for migrant workers: including teaching, meeting, arranging work, receiving salary, tracking service, shuttle bus transportation, personal safety, and changing work if they are not satisfied with the factory Jl3's model of "North South connection" and "order training" can be summarized as: North South communication information → service company and enterprise sign contract → migrant workers register in service company → reach intention, migrant workers and service company sign contract → order training → charter car, send migrant workers to factory → migrant workers / dispatched personnel of service company daily management, coordination and communication → charter car back home Thus, the organization and industrialization of labor export will be improved, and the pertinence, effectiveness and employment stability will be enhanced Jl3 luowanli is a successful exporter of labor services He has worked in glass enterprises in Shanghai and other places for more than five years In addition to making some hard money, he has learned some skills, mastered some business routes, and returned to his hometown to establish a glass art factory Now the annual output value is over one million In his hometown of Yancheng, Jiangsu Province, there has been a new pattern in recent years of the flow of migrant workers and returning home entrepreneurs More than 70000 rural labors have been transferred by returning entrepreneurs, with a driving ratio of 1:11 According to the calculation of 8000 yuan of annual income increased by transferring one labor force, the per capita income of a family of four can be increased by 2000 yuan Luo Wanli said, "working to get rich, starting a business to get rich" is not out of reach It is everywhere in Jiangsu Li Yuanchao, Secretary of the CPC Jiangsu Provincial Committee, said that the real hope of the countryside lies in that if people want to come out, they will live - if they think, if they make a living, if they want to start a business and become rich! When jl3 lights up the hope oil lamp in the countryside, should the city, which used to light up the future with the cream from the countryside, give back some oil?! Jl3 agriculture vs City: use the smile beside the table to disperse the tears beside the field jl3 "three in and three out, finally, we quit the Shanghai market." In the eyes of Zhang Xunmin, deputy director of Anqing Agricultural Committee of Anhui Province, the threshold of the city is very high By "three in and three out", he refers to Taihu fans of Anhui agricultural products who want to enter Shanghai's supermarkets, but fail repeatedly Anqing is a big agricultural city and a land of fish and rice in Anhui Province It is rich in fragrant rice, starch, mung bean and other good raw materials for making fans Zhang Xunmin said that Taihu fans have some reputation in Shanghai for their pure color, good taste and good taste However, due to the high supermarket entry fee and long payment settlement cycle, most of the agricultural and sideline products processing enterprises in agricultural production areas are still in the initial stage, and the capital is not very abundant originally Once the settlement cycle is long, the capital turnover is tight, and it can't be done So, Taihu fans tried three times before and after, trying to squeeze into the supermarket in Shanghai, but they finally kicked it out They had to get snacks in the vegetable market The brand could not make a sound, the price could not go up, and the sales volume could not be big "If there is no channel, no matter how good it is, don't try to impress the city people, and the channel is in the hands of the city." Zhang said Jl3 must focus on the city to develop agriculture, and must rely on the city to get out of the self-sufficient small-scale peasant economic model formed since the middle ages Mo Zongtong, Secretary of Shuyang County Party committee, a major agricultural county in Northern Jiangsu, said that today, the main market of agriculture is in the city, the main capital is in the city, and the scientific and technological power of agriculture is still in the city Leaving the city, agriculture has become a fur without skin Shuyang County has been at the bottom of Jiangsu's county economy for many years, and many economic indicators are at the end of the province In 2003, the per capita net income of farmers in the county reached 3266 yuan, an annual increase of 22% in the past six years Its contribution depends on the development of "agriculture in cities" Land use