Thinking of realizing the leap of special aquaculture

Introduction: At present, despite the rapid development of China's fisheries, the development of China's fisheries is still relatively slow The main reasons are as follows: first, the lack of understanding of promoting the industrialization process of special aquaculture in China; second, the lagging construction of the seedling system, the difficulty in the supply of characteristic aquatic products; third, the poor brand awareness, the weak competitiveness of products, and the low market share; fourth, the existing aquatic products The marketing mode of processing and circulation is still in the primary stage Therefore, in order to realize the leapfrog development of special aquaculture, the author believes that on the basis of establishing new ideas, the following new measures should be implemented: first, to understand the role of leapfrog development of special aquaculture in the construction of animal husbandry and aquaculture from a strategic perspective; first, to be based on the overall situation of domestic and international markets, and to strengthen the research on the development trend of social needs, and to be based on the development Comparative advantage, vigorously develop special aquaculture Second, to develop special aquaculture based on regional advantages and local conditions, we must not blindly develop so-called high, large and new projects without considering the conditions of customers' view and productivity level We need to fully consider the local resource characteristics, water, soil and climate, breeding habits and other factors, establish advantageous projects, select 1-2 projects based on local conditions, focus on support, persevere, and achieve Breach The third is to deal with the organic combination of "excellent" and "potential" of special aquaculture Although it is "excellent" product, if the "potential" is small, it will not meet the needs of the large market For example, there are many kinds of fish products in China, but there are few in China In order to deal with the relationship between "excellent" and "potential", we should base on our own resource advantages and select a group of featured varieties, such as the high-quality aquatic products represented by the seven star fish, mandarin fish, giant salamander, spiny breasted frog, Barb (local name green carp, blue carp) First, we should face the market, do a good job in the breeding base of characteristic aquatic products, and build a market-oriented aquaculture base First, we should comprehensively establish the concept of facing the aquatic product market, and take the market as the starting point and destination of all production and operation activities Second, we should study the aquatic product market deeply, strengthen the investigation and research of the market, understand the market gap existing in the aquatic product production of our country, and constantly capture the market gap Third, vigorously develop the aquatic product market On the basis of emphasizing the production of high-quality aquatic products, attach importance to the potential market demand, explore new topics and find new development opportunities in the reality of oversupply of aquatic product production It has been proved by practice that the material basis and prerequisite for the development of characteristic aquaculture are to establish the supply system of characteristic aquatic products and introduce, cultivate and popularize excellent varieties Through the preliminary investigation of the aquatic product market in China, some bulk aquatic products are hard to sell, but the price of famous and special products is many times higher than that of similar products, and the supply is still in short supply Kh3 second, Pay attention to scientific and technological innovation, realize the leapfrog development of special aquaculture, and do well in the technological innovation of aquaculture, we should focus on the following five aspects: first, focus on the assembly and integration improvement of advanced practical technology of aquaculture, accelerate the application of key technology innovation, and actively promote the industrialization of special aquaculture Second, in the infrastructure construction, we should vigorously adopt new equipment, new technology, new technology and new management methods, strive to develop competitive characteristic aquatic products in the domestic and foreign markets, and improve the product grade and added value Third, we should strengthen technological innovation in environmental protection and comprehensive development and utilization of resources, vigorously develop ecological fisheries, improve the comprehensive utilization rate of water resources, and protect and improve the rural ecological environment Fourth, we should improve the technological innovation capacity of aquaculture farms and experimental bases, and strive to make breakthroughs in the development of advanced technologies, improvement of business management, and upgrading of aquaculture varieties Fifth, give full play to the leading role of aquaculture farms in the industrialization of special aquaculture Under the premise of rationalizing the management system, we should pay attention to the cultivation and development of characteristic products For example, some aquatic experimental fields attach great importance to the role of scientific and technological progress in order to promote the transformation of growth mode and strengthen the application and promotion of new varieties, new technologies and new models, which are mainly reflected in the following aspects: first, adjust the structure of breeding varieties, in terms of introducing new breeding varieties, combine local implementation, and comprehensively consider market demand, economic situation, geographical conditions, labor quality and other factors To explore a high-yield technology model suitable for mountainous areas, to obtain better economic benefits with lower cost investment, and to introduce new breed of breeding Second, we should actively promote the technology of high-density fish breeding in micro flow pond and change the traditional extensive type to intensive type The third is to develop the ecological fishery, improve the comprehensive benefits, and adopt the mode of combining fish and poultry Fourth, we should vigorously promote the cultivation of fish with granular feed, improve the traditional extensive and coarse cultivation mode, feed the full price granular feed suitable for fish growth, and improve the feed utilization rate and cultivation efficiency For example, Qiandongnan aquatic product experimental field has sold more than 300 tons of full price compound pellet feed since 1996, and the feed coefficient is calculated by two years For this project, the output of fresh fish is increased by more than 150 tons, and the annual income is increased by 300000 yuan calculated by 2 yuan per kilogram of net income Thirdly, accelerate the construction of aquaculture farms and strengthen the connection of special aquaculture industry Although the industrialization of special aquaculture in China has started, on the whole, the degree of farmers' organization is low, and the number of aquaculture enterprises that form the "benefit sharing and risk sharing" operation mechanism with farmers is small, and the scale and filial piety driving force are weak Therefore, according to the opinions on supporting key leading enterprises of agricultural industrialization issued by the Ministry of agriculture and other ministries and commissions, we should take accelerating the construction of aquaculture farms as the top priority of fishery development Because aquaculture farm is a key link to extend the production chain, one end is connected with farmers, the other end is connected with the market, which is a bridge and link to effectively connect the small production of thousands of farmers with the ever-changing market, and an important way to realize the value-added of aquatic products processing, which is determined by the characteristics of characteristic aquatic products First, the characteristic aquatic products have strong seasonality Once the breeding cycle of aquatic products is full, a large number of fish products will flow to the market in a period of time For the market with relatively stable demand, the result of a large number of dumping will inevitably be "good quality and low price" As a result, the scale development of aquatic products does not increase benefits, but does not increase yield The key to solve the problem is to vigorously develop the processing, storage and transportation industries, adjust the contradiction between the centralized listing of seasonal products and the relative stability of market demand, maintain the relatively stable price of aquatic products, and increase the income of farmers Second, the added value of primary aquatic products is low, and there is no comparative advantage in the competition In order to make the special aquaculture develop healthily, we must transform the primary products into different forms of high added value products through deep processing, such as making the aquatic products into fish can, fish sausage, salted fish and other transformed products, so as to increase its added value and enhance the comparative advantage of the competition Therefore, according to the goal of lengthening the industrial chain, the government should give priority to the construction of aquaculture farms in terms of people, finance and materials, so as to promote their scale, grade and level, and better play the role of radiation And guide the aquaculture farm to take the lead, use its "fist products", first connect the market, open the market with excellent reputation and products, and consolidate the market with orders and contracts of products; the other connect thousands of households, take orders, agreements and other methods with the majority of farmers, improve the interest distribution mechanism, form a community of interests, and ensure stable sales of farmers' aquatic products Industrial enterprises have stable sources of raw materials, the sources of aquatic products in the market are guaranteed, and the upgrading of the catalytic industry has made a qualitative leap in the development of special aquaculture Kh3 (author:) to feed Weibo to: