The types, effects, problems and solutions of putty are all

1
is putty?
decoration involves a lot of materials, putty is one of them, mainly used to level the wall, but also the wall paint before painting indispensable. But putty kinds are also more, we usually listen to more have waterproof putty, anti-crack putty, anti-mold putty and so on, that putty kind of how much, how to distinguish?
Putty (filling mud) as a decorative material to level the surface of the wall, is a thick slurry paint, is an essential product before painting paint, applied to the primer or directly applied to the object, to remove the coating On the surface of uneven defects, putty using a small amount of paint base, additives, a large number of fillers and the appropriate amount of coloring pigment preparation, the pigment used is mainly iron red, carbon black, chromium yellow, etc. , fillers are mainly heavy calcium carbonate, talcum powder and so on. Partially dented working surfaces can be filled or scraped on all surfaces, usually after the primer layer has dried through, and applied to the primer surface

. Good adhesion is required and no cracks are produced during the baking process.
2
kinds of putty
1, at present, the market locked putty varieties have water-resistant putty and general type putty is also known as batch wall putty. By shape can be divided into powder, paste, two-part three:
powder: it is a gel material and fillers and additives composed of white powder products.
cream: a white paste made up of synthetic resin lotions and additions.
two-part product: a product consisting of glue and white powder.
2, commonly used putty according to different engineering projects, different uses can be divided into three categories:
glue old powder putty: by old powder, chemical glue, gypsum powder, bone glue preparation, used to make water-based paint flat top

oil surface putty: made from oil-based varnish, dry old powder, chemical glue, gypsum powder, used for the flat-top wall of the original paint.
3, putty powder according to the use can be divided into: the outer wall putty powder and the inner wall putty powder.
4, putty powder according to the function can be divided into: waterproof putty, flexible putty, anti-crack putty and so on.
5, by chemical composition:
single-component putty: polymer and filler (high PVC interior wall coating) more than
components putty: polymer (single-component/double-component) and cement-filler
powder putty: Cement and fillers and dispersable polymer
putty type introduction:
cement putty: silicate cement base as the main material putty is cement putty, characterized by high strength, hardness, but the fatal disadvantage is that it is rigid, relatively brittle, easy to crack. Mainly used on exterior walls (which can also be used for inner walls). It is characterized by its high surface strength.
anti-cracking putty: not so strong, but can resist cracking walls, prevent cracking.
water-resistant putty: water-resistant putty is a kind of building putty, especially to reach the "building indoor putty" (JG/T3049-1998) standard in the N-type, that is, water-resistant putty standard of a class of putty. "Indoor putty" (JG/T3049-1998) is currently the indoor building putty products must meet a minimum standard, all putty that does not meet the requirements of this standard is non-conforming products, prohibited from sale and use.
Big white putty: is what we often say big white powder, also known as talc powder, putty powder, is the home decoration of the wall to find flat common materials, generally in the big white powder to add cellulose, white latex and water, kneaded into a thick shape, to cover the wall, roof, in order to prevent it from cracking, falling off, can be coated with a layer of interface agent on the ground floor.
Flexible putty: flexible putty is made of high-quality cement, fillers, synthetic polymers and selected additives, according to the flexibility and waterproof performance of putty, divided into ordinary external wall putty, flexible anti-cracking putty, flexible external wall putty and waterproof outer wall putty. When used, add 30% water and stir well. Can be in the sun under normal weather conditions, with high bonding strength, smooth surface, moisture resistance and other advantages. Suitable for cement mortar, concrete, gypsum board and Ete plate and other substrates, as well as the exterior walls of various types of buildings.
elastic putty: "elastic" means that there is a certain amount of pull. Elastic putty is mainly used to find gaps in the wall, because it has a certain pull force, in the wall gap is affected by temperature / humidity / external forces, and then change, the wall will not appear gaps. But beyond a certain limit there will be gaps, it is white cement , talcum powder , cellulose , 2488 , elastic acrylic emulsion, generally used to require a certain musical effect or soundproofing of the interior wall of the room.
3
The role of building putty
1, make up for the defects of the grass

find a flat scraper on the wall or top surface to meet the decorative requirements for flatness

2, the performance of a variety of textures or patterns
orange leather pattern with a pull roller roll coating can produce orange skin pattern;
Embossed patterns are sprayed with a spray gun and then flattened with glossy rollers to form embossed patterns
Other personalized patterns can be formed with other coating tools to meet individual requirements,
other special uses such as tile binders, high-bounce crack resistance, etc.
4
problems and causes of putty, solution
putty foaming
phenomenon:
during the construction process to produce bubbles and after a period of time, putty surface foaming.
causes:
1, the substrate is too rough, the approval speed is too fast;
2, a construction putty layer is too thick, greater than 2.0mm;
3, the grass water content is too high, at the same time the density is too large or too small. Because it is rich in gaps, and putty moisture content is high, so not breathable, air is enclosed in the gap cavity, not easy to eliminate.
4, construction after a period of time, only in the surface of the burst bubble, mainly caused by uneven mixing, the slurry contains too late to dissolve the powder particles, after construction, a large amount of absorption of water, swelling to form a burst.
solution:
1, a large area of foaming putty surface, with a blade directly crushed small bubble, re-use the appropriate putty foam surface.
2, putty is generally stirred evenly, after 10 minutes or so, and then stirred again with an electric blender on the wall.
3, the construction of the second or last surface layer foaming phenomenon, should be used before the watermark elimination with a scraper to break the bubble treatment, to ensure that there are no bubbles on the putty surface.
4, especially rough walls, the general base as far as possible to choose coarse putty.
5, in the wall is too dry or strong wind and light environment, first as far as possible with clean water wet the wall, until the wall without clear water, putty layer of scraping.
putty powder
phenomenon:
construction is completed and dried through, touch with your hands there is powder off phenomenon.
causes:
1, the inner wall putty powder polishing time is not good, the surface has been dried and then polished will be de-powdered

3, the product exceeds the shelf life, the bonding strength is greatly reduced.
4, the product storage is not proper, after absorbing moisture bonding force dropped significantly.
5, the grass-roots water absorption rate is high, resulting in putty drying speed is very fast, there is not enough water to cure.
solution:
1, the inner wall putty surface layer polishing to master the appropriate polishing time, the best time for polishing is to wait for putty surface watermark disappeared, immediately polishing. Practice has proved that the finish 1 to 2m2 should be flattened or polished.
2, the outer wall putty surface dry, to carry out a moderate grinding, and adequate watering maintenance, general maintenance is divided into two or more.
3, the product must be used in the shelf life, if the shelf life is exceeded, must be tested scraping, after passing the inspection, and then the construction
4, the product must pay attention to waterproof treatment, should exist in a cool and dry place, and ensure that the package seal is intact.
5, summer or high temperature strong wind climate conditions, before the application of putty is best to wet the wall with clean water, the surface of the wall without clear water can be used to scrape putty.
of putty
:
refers to the poor bonding strength between putty and the grass, directly from the grass.
causes:
1, the old walls are smooth (e.g. tempered putty, polyurethane and other oily paint), putty powder and its surface bonding fastness is poor.
2, new walls are poured with templates, the surface is smooth and contains a large amount of release agents (waste oil or silicone).
3, for wood substrates, metal substrates and other non-mortar substrates (such as tri-plate, five-ply board, particle board, solid wood, etc.) directly scraped putty, due to the surface expansion ratio is different, and the absorption rate of such products is strong, rigid inner wall putty can not be deformed, generally after 3 months will cause shedding.
4, putty beyond shelf life, bonding strength is reduced.
Solutions:
1, remove the shedding layer, according to the following conditions have targeted treatment;
2, the old wall to polish, increase surface roughness, and then, with interface agents;
3, with de-oil cleaning agent to remove the surface of the release agent or other grease components, and then scrape putty.
4, using two-part or special plywood putty for construction.
5, used during the putty shelf life.
of putty
:
between two layers of putty or between putty and substrate.
causes:
1, the substrate contains a large number of release agents
(such as waste oil, wax emulsion);
3, the bottom putty powder is serious, the lower putty is too hard, drying too fast will also cause shedding.
between the four and two layers of putty construction interval is too long, generally more than 15 days, the finish layer will sometimes cause de-layering.
5, after construction or during construction putty layer by rain or other permeable water immersion, resulting in the loss of putty active ingredients, will also fall off.
6, two layers of putty with unreasonable.
Solution:
1, remove the shedding layer, re-select the special putty batch;
2, putty, especially the inner wall putty, as far as
possible to shorten the interval between the two putty construction
3, pay attention to the construction process protection, in the putty construction process or 8 hours after construction, putty is best not
to be soaked in water

causes:
1, the grass-roots is not thoroughly dry on the construction, the construction requires the grass-roots moisture content of ≤10%
2, the bottom putty is not dry through, on the surface, the surface first dry, and the inner layer is still in the process of continuing to dry, resulting in different degrees of drying between layers, easy to crack.
3, grass-roots treatment, resealing and leveling material is not thoroughly dry, the above scraping hardness of the inner wall putty, easy to cause cracking

solution:
1, has cracked putty, need to be eradicated, if the crack is not too large, can also use flexible putty for the first construction, and then according to the standard construction methods for construction.
2, each road construction should not be too thick, the two construction time interval must be greater than 4 hours or more, the front way putty thoroughly dried out, before the back road scraping.
the phenomenon of yellowing
:
of putty is completed, soon local or all of the yellow.
causes:
mainly occurs in the indoor old wall, the old wall putty uses a lot of PVA glue, glue aging decomposition, the production of unsaturated acid, unsaturated acid and putty calcium ion reaction, the production of the corresponding yellow calcium salt.
solution:
1, with environmentally friendly glue rolled twice, thoroughly dried through, then scrape the inner wall putty
2, with closed primer roll two, thoroughly dried,