The truth is here, don't be deceived by these "scientific rumors"

In life, many medicines are taken by children in reduced doses, so will children be overwhelmed by the adult dose of the new crown vaccine? Can eating black sesame pills prevent hair loss? Does putting lemon on the bedside of the child really help grow taller? Are waxed apples harmful to eat? Can tableware be sterilized by scalding with boiling water? Pre-made dishes are unsafe to contain preservatives.

Scientific rumor 1.

Fact: Currently, the dose and composition of the Covid-19 vaccine is exactly the same for all ages, including children

The dosage of therapeutic drugs generally considers body weight or body surface area, but the mechanism of action of vaccines is different from that of therapeutic drugs.

Scientific Myth 2.

Truth: Whether a child can grow taller is not only affected by genetics, but also related to three factors: sleep, nutrition and exercise

Scientific myth 3.

Truth: To achieve the desired effect of high temperature disinfection, two conditions must be met at the same time: one is temperature and the other is time

However, most of the hot water provided by restaurants is around 70℃~80℃.

Scientific Myth 4.

Truth: In fact, during the normal growth process of apples, the epidermis will naturally secrete a layer of fruit wax to prevent external harmful substances from invading the pulp, which is harmless to the human body

Experts say the easiest way to remove wax from peels is to peel them

Scientific myth 5.

The truth: The black of black sesame comes from a flavonoid, but the amino acid derivatives composed of melanocytes in the human body are not the same as the pigment in black sesame.

In theory, vitamin B2 in black sesame seeds can prevent seborrheic dermatitis, but to meet the daily requirement of 1.

Scientific myth 6.

TRUTH: Prepared dishes are no different from what we normally eat, with no added preservatives
.
Because most prefabricated dishes need to be cooked at high temperature, which is a sterilization process in itself; then using liquid nitrogen and other quick-freezing technologies, ultra-low temperature freezing can completely inhibit the reproduction of microorganisms, so no additional preservatives are needed
.
On the other hand, according to the requirements of packaging standards, pre-made dishes should list all the raw materials, so the relevant additives in the seasonings used will appear in the ingredients list, but this does not mean that pre-made dishes have added more than dine-in dishes or homemade dishes.
more additives
.
Even food purchased and cooked by consumers often contains additives, such as sodium glutamate and potassium sorbate in many soy sauces, and hydroxypropyl distarch phosphate and citric acid in some flavor seasonings
.
As long as it meets the national standards, the rational use of additives will not cause harm to the human body
.

Scientific Myth 7.
Fresh meat jumps suddenly because of parasites

Fact: The meat that has just been slaughtered jumps, not because of parasites, but because the meat is fresh and the slaughter time is short
.
Because the central nervous system of fresh meat has died shortly after slaughtering, the nerve endings around the muscle have not completely died, and the energy substance adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in the muscle has not been exhausted.
Therefore, under mild external stimulation, the muscle can still be produce beating, which is also called "supernatural response"
.
After slaughtering for a period of time, the ATP in the meat is exhausted, and the muscle fibers will lock up and stop beating
.

Scientific Myth 8.
Small wounds can be disinfected with saliva

Fact: Lysozyme is an important non-specific immune factor in the body, which has the functions of antibacterial and anti-inflammatory, improving immunity, and inhibiting the growth of exogenous microorganisms
.
Although saliva contains lysozyme, but because the content is too small, it cannot play the role of sterilization and disinfection at all
.
In addition, the oral cavity is one of the areas with the highest density and variety of microorganisms inhabiting the human body.
Saliva carries various viruses, fungi, and bacteria of the oral cavity.
Applying saliva to the wound is likely to be "poisonous"
.
Therefore, small wounds in daily life are recommended to be treated with band-aids and iodophors
.

Scientific myth 9.
Dry eye syndrome

Fact: In case of dry eye symptoms, using eye drops to "rehydrate" will not only not solve the problem, but may also delay treatment and lead to aggravation of the condition or even blindness
.
The moisture of the cornea depends on the tear film, and the outermost layer of the tear film is covered with a layer of "oil" secreted by the meibomian glands to prevent the water from evaporating too quickly.
This layer of oil is meibum
.
If the glands cannot secrete oil, it will cause meibomian gland dysfunction type dry eye, and more than 80% of dry eye patients are accompanied by meibomian gland dysfunction
.

For "oil-deficient" dry eye syndrome, blindly using eye drops for "hydration" is not only ineffective, but may also aggravate the condition by destroying the lipid layer
.
At the same time, preservatives and other chemicals in eye drops can also damage the cornea and conjunctiva cells on the ocular surface
.
At present, the traditional treatment method in regular hospitals is to relieve the uncomfortable symptoms of dry eye through hot fumigation, meibomian gland massage, eyelid margin cleaning, and artificial tears
.

Scientific rumor 10.
Self-brewed and pure-grain brewed wine is safer and healthier

The truth: The health effects of alcohol come from the alcohol and other fusel alcohols in it.
As long as it is alcohol, it is equally harmful to health
.
The fermentation process of "self-brewing" and "home-brewing" is not well controlled, and there is often no standardized distillation operation in the follow-up, so the fusel alcohols are usually higher, and some fusel alcohols have a greater impact on health than alcohol
.

Scientific Myth 11.
Figure skaters are born to spin in circles without getting dizzy

Fact: The vestibular system in the human ear is the perceptual system responsible for the body's own sense of balance and space, and it is also an important structural basis for maintaining coordination and balance in complex movements
.
When a person turns circles in place, the endolymph in the semicircular canals of the vestibular system will rotate at the same speed.
At this time, a special receptor "ampulla cap" in the human body receives this information and reflects it to the brain, and the brain knows that people are in circles
.
When the body suddenly stops rotating, the displacement of endolymph usually lasts for 3 seconds and then stops, but it takes 25 to 30 seconds for the ampulla cap to return to its original state
.
Therefore, when the person stops turning the circle, there is a feeling of spinning in the opposite direction
.

Figure skaters are not born without dizziness.
Through long-term training, the vestibular system has gradually become accustomed to the spatial changes of the head and become "sluggish" to these stimuli, thereby overcoming the natural response of the human body and making the body adapt to rotation.
This enables a high level of postural and balance control to be achieved smoothly
.

Scientific rumors 12.
Zero danger of setting off "cold fireworks"

The truth: When the "fairy stick" and "electronic fireworks" are set off, the temperature drops rapidly after the flame (spark) is ejected.
The temperature drops to about 80°C at a distance of 20cm from the injection port, and drops to about 40°C at a distance of 50cm from the injection port.
So commonly known as "cold fireworks"
.
"Cold fireworks" are gradually gaining popularity because of their high safety factor, but "cold fireworks" are not as dangerous as they sound
.
When this type of product is set off, the temperature at the injection port is as high as 700°C to 800°C, which can still burn the human body and ignite flammable substances
.

In fact, "cold fireworks" also belong to fireworks and firecrackers, and their basic attributes of flammable and explosive dangerous goods have not changed
.
Therefore, when people set off "cold fireworks", they should take safety measures that are generally applicable to fireworks and firecrackers, and it is strictly forbidden to set off indoors and any places where fireworks and firecrackers are prohibited
.

Scientific Myth 13.
Primates, the closest relatives of humans, are the most suitable xenogeneic organ donors

Fact: Listing primates as organ donors faces many technical and ethical issues
.
For example, most species of primates are small in size, and their organ performance and size cannot meet the needs of human metabolism; primates have a low reproductive rate (average ten years), while the larger orangutans and baboons are themselves in the Endangered state, it is also difficult to meet the human demand for the number of organ transplants
.
They may also carry some human-susceptible viruses such as simian immunodeficiency virus, Ebola virus, etc.
Once these organs are transplanted into humans, they may recombine to produce more harmful viruses
.

Unlike primates, pigs have organs similar in size to humans, and have the advantages of lower risk of infectious diseases and relatively more abundant numbers
.
In terms of performance parameters, the body temperature of pigs and humans are both 36°C to 37°C, and the heart size, conduit distribution, power output and even heart rate are similar
.
The foreseeable range of organ transplants includes cornea, skin, joints, tendons, ligaments, kidneys, hearts, livers,
etc.
At present, in the medical field, pig heart valves implanted with human cells have been used for patient treatment, and pig ligament and tendon transplantation has also matured.
Therefore, pigs are considered to be the best choice for xenotransplantation at this stage
.