The Synthetic Routes of Ethyl-5-bromopyrimidine-2-carboxylate

Introduction
Ethyl-5-bromopyrimidine-2-carboxylate is an important intermediate in the production of various pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and other chemical products.
The synthesis of this compound has been a topic of interest in the chemical industry, and several synthetic routes have been developed over the years.
This article will discuss some of the most commonly used synthetic routes for the production of Ethyl-5-bromopyrimidine-2-carboxylate.

Synthesis Route 1: via Hydrazine hydrate
One of the most common methods of synthesizing Ethyl-5-bromopyrimidine-2-carboxylate is through the use of hydrazine hydrate.
This route involves the following steps:

1. Treatment of 5-bromo-2-nitro-1H-pyrimidine-1,4-dione with hydrazine hydrate in the presence of a solvent such as methanol or ethanol.
   
2. The resulting mixture is then treated with a acid such as hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid to produce the required carboxylate.
   

Advantages of the Synthesis Route:
The synthesis route via hydrazine hydrate is simple, cost-effective, and widely used in the industry.

Disadvantages of the Synthesis Route:
The use of hydrazine hydrate can be hazardous, and proper safety measures must be taken to avoid accidents.

Synthesis Route 2: via P2P
Another route for the synthesis of Ethyl-5-bromopyrimidine-2-carboxylate is via the use of P2P (phosphino-2-pyridine).
This method involves the following steps:

1. Treatment of 5-bromo-2-nitro-1H-pyrimidine-1,4-dione with P2P in the presence of a solvent such as toluene or xylene.
   
2. The resulting mixture is then treated with a strong acid such as hydrochloric acid to produce the required carboxylate.
   

Advantages of the Synthesis Route:
The synthesis route via P2P is also a simple and cost-effective method for the synthesis of Ethyl-5-bromopyrimidine-2-carboxylate.

Disadvantages of the Synthesis Route:
The use of P2P can also be hazardous, and proper safety measures must be taken to avoid accidents.

Synthesis Route 3: via CDI
The synthesis of Ethyl-5-bromopyrimidine-2-carboxylate can also be achieved via the use of CDI (carbonyldiimidazole).
This route involves the following steps:

1. Treatment of 5-bromo-2-nitro-1H-pyrimidine-1,4-dione with CDI in the presence of a solvent such as acetonitrile or DMF.
   
2. The resulting mixture is then treated with a base such as sodium carbonate to produce the required carboxylate.
   

Advantages of the Synthesis Route:
The synthesis route via CDI is also a simple and efficient method for the synthesis of Ethyl-5-bromopyrimidine-2-carboxylate.

Disadvantages of the Synthesis Route:
The use of CDI can also be hazardous, and proper safety measures must be taken to avoid accidents.

Conclusion
In conclusion, the synthesis of Ethyl-5-bromopyrimidine-2-carboxylate can be achieved via three common methods: via hydrazine hydrate, via P2P, and via CDI.
Each of these routes has its own advantages and disadvantages, and the choice of route will depend on the specific requirements of the synth