The Synthetic Routes of ETHYL 2-AMINO-4-PROPYLPYRIMIDINE-5-CARBOXYLATE

Ethyl 2-amino-4-propylimidine-5-carboxylate is an important intermediate in the synthesis of several pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals.
The demand for this compound has been steadily increasing in the chemical industry, making it an attractive target for synthetic routes that are efficient, economical, and environmentally friendly.
In this article, we will discuss some of the synthetic routes for ethyl 2-amino-4-propylimidine-5-carboxylate that have been developed in the chemical industry.

1. The Classical Route
   The classical route for the synthesis of ethyl 2-amino-4-propylimidine-5-carboxylate involves several steps, including the reaction of 2-amino-4-propylimidine with ethyl chloride, followed by treatment with a strong acid catalyst, such as hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid.
   The reaction is then completed by hydrolyzing the ethyl ester with a strong base, such as sodium hydroxide.
   This route involves the use of toxic and hazardous reagents, and requires careful handling and disposal.
   
2. The Teddy Bear Route
   The teddy bear route is an alternative synthetic route for the synthesis of ethyl 2-amino-4-propylimidine-5-carboxylate that uses less hazardous reagents.
   The route involves the reaction of 2-amino-4-propylimidine with ethyl bromide in the presence of a Lewis acid catalyst, such as aluminum chloride or zinc chloride.
   The reaction is then completed by treating the resulting ethyl ester with a strong base, such as sodium hydroxide.
   This route is more environmentally friendly than the classical route, as it does not require the use of toxic reagents.
   
3. The Reduction Route
   Another synthetic route for ethyl 2-amino-4-propylimidine-5-carboxylate involves the reduction of the corresponding nitrile with lithium aluminum hydride (LiAlH4) in the presence of an organic solvent, such as ether or THF.
   The reaction is then completed by treating the resulting alcohol with a strong acid catalyst, such as hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid.
   This route is less hazardous than the classical route, as it does not involve the use of toxic or hazardous reagents.
   
4. The Direct From Amide Route
   The direct from amide route involves the synthesis of ethyl 2-amino-4-propylimidine-5-carboxylate from the corresponding amide using a strong acid catalyst, such as hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid.
   The reaction is typically carried out in the presence of a solvent, such as dichloromethane or chloroform.
   This route is less hazardous than the classical route, as it does not involve the use of toxic or hazardous reagents.
   

In conclusion, ethyl 2-amino-4-propylimidine-5-carboxylate is a valuable intermediate in the synthesis of several pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals.
The classical route for the synthesis of this compound involves the use of toxic and hazardous reagents, while alternative synthetic routes, such as the teddy bear route and the reduction route, use less hazardous reagents.
The direct from amide route is less hazardous than the classical route, as it does not involve the use of toxic or hazardous reagents.
These synthetic routes offer a balance between efficiency, economics, and environmental friendliness, making them attractive options for the chemical industry.