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Calcium is a vital element in the chemical industry, and it is widely used in various applications.
The most common sources of calcium are limestone and gypsum, which are naturally occurring minerals.
However, with the increasing demand for calcium, synthetic routes for producing calcium have been developed.
These synthetic routes offer several advantages over natural sources of calcium, including reduced cost, increased purity, and greater availability.
One of the most common synthetic routes for producing calcium is the electrolytic method.
In this process, calcium oxide is produced by electrolysis of a solution of calcium chloride.
The electrolysis is carried out in an electrolytic cell, which consists of a cathode and an anode.
The cathode is made of a calcium compound, such as calcium oxide or calcium hydroxide, while the anode is made of a metal that is resistant to corrosion, such as graphite or lead.
The electrolysis process involves passing a current through the solution, which leads to the deposition of calcium oxide at the cathode and the formation of calcium chloride at the anode.
The calcium oxide produced by this process is highly pure and is used in various applications, including the production of calcium hydroxide, calcium carbonate, and calcium silicates.
Another synthetic route for producing calcium is the thermal decomposition of calcium oxide.
In this process, calcium oxide is heated to high temperatures in the presence of a reducing agent, such as carbon or hydrogen.
The high temperature causes the calcium oxide to decompose into calcium and oxygen.
The calcium produced by this process is highly pure and is used in various applications, including the production of calcium hydroxide, calcium carbonate, and calcium silicates.
Calcium can also be produced synthetically by the reaction of calcium hydroxide with an inorganic salt.
In this process, calcium hydroxide is reacted with the salt, which results in the formation of a new salt and calcium.
The new salt is then hydrolyzed to produce calcium and the parent salt.
The calcium produced by this process is highly pure and is used in various applications, including the production of calcium hydroxide
