The Synthetic Routes of 7-Chloro-2-(trifluoromethyl)-4-quinolinol

7-Chloro-2-(trifluoromethyl)-4-quinolinol, commonly abbreviated as INH, is a molecule that is widely used in the pharmaceutical and agrochemical industries.
It is an important precursor for many other chemical compounds and can be synthesized through several different methods.

One of the most common synthetic routes for INH involves the reaction of 2-chloro-5-nitropyridine with trifluoromethylbenzene in the presence of a Lewis acid catalyst, such as aluminum chloride.
This reaction results in the formation of an intermediate that can be further transformed into INH through a series of chemical reactions.
This route is commonly referred to as the "standard" synthesis method for INH.

Another synthetic route for INH involves the reaction of 2,4-dichloroquinoline with sodium hydroxide in the presence of a solvent, such as water or ethanol.
The resulting intermediate can then be converted into INH through a series of chemical reactions.
This route is known as the "hydrolysis" method for INH synthesis.

A third synthetic route for INH involves the reaction of 2-chloro-5-nitroimidazole with 3-chloropicolinic acid in the presence of a Lewis acid catalyst, such as aluminum chloride.
This reaction results in the formation of an intermediate that can be further transformed into INH through a series of chemical reactions.
This route is commonly referred to as the "imidazole" synthesis method for INH.

Each of these synthetic routes for INH has its own advantages and disadvantages, and the choice of the route depends on the specific requirements of the application.
For example, the standard synthesis method is relatively simple and can be easily scaled up for industrial production, but it requires the use of hazardous reagents and is associated with a high yield of impurities.
The hydrolysis method, on the other hand, is less hazardous and generates fewer impurities, but it is more complex and requires the use of specialized equipment.
The imidazole synthesis method is similar to the standard method in terms of complexity and hazard, but it generates less impurity and can be used for preparation of INH from 2,4-dichloroquinoline.

In conclusion, INH is an important synthetic intermediate that is widely used in the pharmaceutical and agrochemical industries.
It can be synthesized through several different synthetic routes, each of which has its own advantages and disadvantages.
The choice of route depends on the specific requirements of the application, but all of these routes are well-established and have been used successfully in industrial production of INH.