The Synthetic Routes of 4′-[[2-Butyl-4-chloro-5-(hydroxymethyl)-1H-imidazol-1-yl]methyl][1,1′-biphenyl]-2-carbonitrile

Introduction:

In the field of organic synthesis, the development of novel methods and strategies for the synthesis of complex molecules is of paramount importance.
The demand for new compounds with unique properties has led to the development of various synthetic routes for the synthesis of such molecules.
One such molecule is 4′-[[2-Butyl-4-chloro-5-(hydroxymethyl)-1H-imidazol-1-yl]methyl][1,1′-biphenyl]-2-carbonitrile, which has proven to be a challenging synthetic target due to its complex structure and the number of functional groups present in the molecule.
In this article, we will discuss the synthetic routes of 4′-[[2-Butyl-4-chloro-5-(hydroxymethyl)-1H-imidazol-1-yl]methyl][1,1′-biphenyl]-2-carbonitrile.

Synthetic Routes:

1. Nagai Condensation:

The Nagai condensation is a well-known reaction in organic synthesis that involves the condensation of an aldehyde and a primary amine in the presence of a base to form a new nitrogen-containing compound.
One of the synthetic routes to 4′-[[2-Butyl-4-chloro-5-(hydroxymethyl)-1H-imidazol-1-yl]methyl][1,1′-biphenyl]-2-carbonitrile involves the Nagai condensation of 2-butyl-4-chloro-5-bromomethyl-1H-imidazole with 1,1′-biphenyl-2-amine.
This reaction involves the condensation of the aldehyde 2-butyl-4-chloro-5-bromomethyl-1H-imidazole with the primary amine 1,1′-biphenyl-2-amine in the presence of a base such as sodium hydroxide.
The resulting product is then reduced to the desired carbonitrile using a reducing agent such as lithium aluminum hydride.

2. Halogenation:

Another synthetic route to 4′-[[2-Butyl-4-chloro-5-(hydroxymethyl)-1H-imidazol-1-yl]methyl][1,1′-biphenyl]-2-carbonitrile involves the halogenation of 1,1′-biphenyl-2-amine with 2-butyl-4-chloro-5-hydroxymethyl-1H-imidazole.
This reaction involves the reaction of 1,1′-biphenyl-2-amine with 2-butyl-4-chloro-5-hydroxymethyl-1H-imidazole in the presence of a halogenating agent such as N-bromosuccinimide.
The resulting product is then reduced to the desired carbonitrile using a reducing agent such as lithium aluminum hydride.

3. Mannich Reaction:

The Mannich reaction is another well-known reaction in organic synthesis that involves the condensation of an aldehyde and an amine in the presence of a carbinol to form a new nitrogen-containing compound.
One of the synthetic routes to 4′-[[2-Butyl-4-chloro-5-(hydroxymethyl)-1H-imidazol-1-yl]methyl][1,1′-biphenyl]-2-carbonitrile involves the Mannich reaction of 2-butyl-4-chloro-5-bromomethyl-1H-imidazole with 1,1′-biphenyl-2-amine and formaldehyde in the presence of a catalyst such as sodium hydroxide.
The resulting product is then reduced to the desired carbonitrile using a reducing agent such as lithium aluminum hydride.

4. Direct Condensation:

Another synthetic route to 4′-[[2-Butyl-4-chloro-5-(hydroxymethyl)-1H-imidazol-1-yl]