The Synthetic Routes of 2,7-Diiodo-9,9-dimethyl-9H-fluorene

The synthesis of 2,7-diiodo-9,9-dimethyl-9H-fluorene is an important goal in the chemical industry due to its potential use as a precursor for the production of a variety of chemicals and materials.
There are several synthetic routes that have been reported in the literature for the preparation of this compound.

One of the most common synthetic routes involves the reaction of 2-iodo-6-methyl-9H-fluorene with 7-bromo-9-methyl-9H-fluorene in the presence of a Lewis acid catalyst such as aluminum chloride or boron trifluoride.
This reaction is known as the “Friedel-Crafts reaction” and involves the formation of a new carbon-carbon bond through the reaction of a bromide and an iodide with a metal catalyst.
The product of this reaction is a mixture of the desired 2,7-diiodo-9,9-dimethyl-9H-fluorene and other iodo-containing impurities, which must be separated and purified before use.

Another synthetic route involves the reduction of 2,7-diiodo-9,9-dimethyl-10H-anthracene with lithium aluminum hydride (LiAlH4) in the presence of a solvent such as ether or THF.
This reaction involves the reduction of the iodine functional group to a hydrogen atom, resulting in the formation of the desired 2,7-diiodo-9,9-dimethyl-9H-fluorene.
The product of this reaction must also be purified and separated from any remaining impurities.

A third synthetic route involves the use of electrochemical methods to generate the iodine atoms in situ and allow the formation of the 2,7-diiodo-9,9-dimethyl-9H-fluorene via a so-called “ electrochemical reduction” of 2,7-diiodo-9,9-dimethyl-10H-anthracene in the presence of a electrolyte like KHC8 in DMSO.

Regardless of the synthetic route used, the product of the reaction must be protected from moisture and oxygen to prevent degradation and neutralized by acidic conditions.

Overall, the synthetic routes of 2,7-diiodo-9,9-dimethyl-9H-fluorene involve the use of various chemical reactions and conditions, such as Friedel-Crafts reactions, reduction reactions, and electrochemical methods.
The choice of route will depend on the availability and cost of the starting materials and the desired purity and yield of the final product.