The Synthetic Routes of 2-(4-Biphenylyl)-5-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole

2-(4-Biphenylyl)-5-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole, also known as BTB (2,5-Bis(4-tert-butylphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole) is a synthetic compound that has gained significant attention in the chemical industry due to its unique properties and diverse range of applications.
This compound was first synthesized in 2004 by a team of researchers from the University of California, Berkeley, and has since become a popular building block for the synthesis of many other chemicals.

The synthesis of BTB is a multi-step process that involves several different chemical reactions.
The starting material for the synthesis is 4-biphenylol, which is a derivative of biphenylene, a compound that consists of two benzene rings connected by a double bond.
The first step in the synthesis of BTB is the reaction of 4-biphenylol with 4-tert-butylphenyl chloride to form a diazo compound.
This reaction is followed by the hydrolysis of the diazo compound to form an intermediate carboxylic acid, which is then converted into an acid chloride.

The acid chloride is then reacted with sodium hydroxide to form a sodium salt, which is then treated with benzaldehyde to form a benzaldehyde derivative.
This derivative is then reacted with another molecule of 4-tert-butylphenyl chloride to form a condensation product.
The final step in the synthesis of BTB involves the reduction of the condensation product using hydrogenation to form the final product.

The synthesis of BTB using these synthetic routes is a complex process that requires careful control of the reaction conditions to ensure the formation of a pure and consistent product.
The use of hazardous reagents such as diazo compounds and hydrogen chloride also requires careful handling and disposal to minimize the risk of accidents.

Despite these challenges, the synthesis of BTB has become an important process in the chemical industry due to the unique properties of the compound.
BTB is an excellent ligand for metal complexes and has been used in the synthesis of a variety of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and supramolecular assemblies.
MOFs are a type of porous material that consists of a three-dimensional network of metal ions or clusters connected by organic linkers.

BTB has been used as a ligand in the synthesis of a variety of different MOFs, including zirconium-based MOFs, copper-based MOFs, and aluminum-based MOFs.
These MOFs have a wide range of potential applications, including catalysis, gas storage, and separation of metal ions.

In addition to its use in the synthesis of MOFs, BTB has also been used as a building block for the synthesis of other chemicals, such as dibenzocycloheptanae (DBCH), another type of porous material with potential applications in the chemical industry.
DBCH can be synthesized using BTB as a starting material, and the resulting material has unique properties that make it useful in a variety of applications, including gas storage and catalysis.

The use of BTB in the synthesis of DBCH has been a topic of ongoing research, and many different approaches have been developed to synthesize this compound.
One approach involves the use of a solvothermal synthesis method, which involves the reaction of BTB with metal salts in the presence of a solvent.
This method has been shown to be effective in the synthesis of DBCH, and has the advantage of providing a high yield of product with a simple and efficient synthesis route.

Another approach to the synthesis of DBCH involves the use of a hydrothermal synthesis method, which involves the