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2,3-Dichlorothiophene (DCT) is a chlorinated thiophene molecule that has found widespread use in the chemical industry.
It is used as a starting material for the production of a variety of chemicals, including dyes, pigments, and medicines.
There are several synthetic routes to 2,3-DCT, each with its own advantages and disadvantages.
In this article, we will discuss three of the most common synthetic routes to 2,3-DCT and their respective characteristics.
Route 1: via Chlorination of 2,3-Thiophene
The first synthetic route to 2,3-DCT involves chlorinating 2,3-thiophene, which is a readily available starting material.
To synthesize 2,3-DCT via this route, 2,3-thiophene is first dissolved in a solvent such as chloroform or carbon tetrachloride.
The solution is then treated with chlorine gas, which reacts with the thiophene molecules to form 2,3-DCT.
The advantages of this route include its simplicity and the ready availability of 2,3-thiophene as a starting material.
However, this route does have some disadvantages.
For example, the use of chlorine gas can be hazardous, and the reaction may produce unwanted side products such as thiophene-1,2-dichloride.
Route 2: via Reduction of 2,3,5-Trichloronitrobenzene
Another synthetic route to 2,3-DCT involves the reduction of 2,3,5-trichloronitrobenzene, which is a nitro compound that can be converted into 2,3-DCT through a series of chemical reactions.
To synthesize 2,3-DCT via this route, 2,3,5-trichloronitrobenzene is first converted into a corresponding nitroso compound using a reducing agent such as hydrogen nitrate.
The nitroso compound is then transformed into 2,3-DCT using a reducing agent such as hydrazine.
The advantages of this route include its high yield of 2,3-DCT and the convenience of using a readily available starting material (2,3,5-trichloronitrobenzene).
However, this route requires the use of reducing agents, which can be expensive and potentially hazardous.
Route 3: via Reduction of 2,3-Dichlorbenzaldehyde
A third synthetic route to 2,3-DCT involves the reduction of 2,3-dichlorbenzaldehyde, which is a corresponding aldehyde compound.
To synthesize 2,3-DCT via this route, 2,3-dichlorbenzaldehyde is first converted into a corresponding alcohol using a reducing agent such as lithium aluminum hydride (LAH).
The alcohol is then reduced using hydrogen gas in the presence of a catalyst such as palladium on barium sulfate to form 2,3-DCT.
The advantages of this route include its high yield of 2,3-DCT and the convenience of using a readily available starting material (2,3-dichlorbenzaldehyde).
However, this route requires the use of reducing agents and catalysts, which can be expensive and potentially hazardous.
In conclusion, there are several synthetic routes to 2,3-dichlorothiophene, each with its own advantages and disadvantages.
The route chosen will depend on the availability and cost of starting materials, as well as the desired yield and purity of the final product.