The study reveals the mechanism by which fish regulates the natural immune response to antivirals.

The outbreak and prevalence of fish viral diseases are an important threat to aquaculture, especially intensive farming.
similar to mammals, fish antiviral infections function primarily through natural and accessible immune response systems.
Natural immune response system is an ancient defense system that evolved in organisms to fight pathogen infection, and has been highly developed from low-level invertebrates to humans, and is the first important line of defense against viral infection in organisms.
, however, the accessory immune system began to evolve from jawed animals.
fish, as a more primitive group of jawed animals, have only just evolved their accessory immune systems in many species, so the fish's accessory immune response to viral infections is often less significant and the immune memory is relatively weak.
the pre-seed vaccination strategy adopted by the Chinese government to prevent and treat fish viral diseases is not only time-time-timed and laborious, but also often difficult to achieve the desired results.
is particularly important for fish antiviral infections, the natural immune system is relatively important for the accessible immune system.
addition, outbreak deaths from fish virus infections typically occur within 1-2 weeks of infection, which is the main stage in which the natural immune system functions.
On the basis of clarifying the natural immune response mechanism of fish antivirals, using natural immune response negative regulatory factors as molecular targets and using gene editing technology to cultivate new species of disease-resistant fish is an important direction for the development of aquaculture industry.
the Fish Hypoxic Biology Unit of the Institute of Aquatic Biology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences screened a series of factors for the regulation of viral infection in fish through transcription group analysis after viral infection.
, the team systematically analyzed the role of these factors in fish antivirals and their molecular mechanisms using model fish zebrafish, combined with molecular biology techniques.
study found that: arginine methylation transferase prmt7 by inhibiting the RLR signaling path, negative regulation of fish antiviral reaction: arginine methylation transferase prmt3 by blocking irf3 phosphorylation, negative regulation of fish antiviral reaction; The chemical enzyme phd3 negatively regulates the antiviral response of fish by blocking the nucleation of irf7: E3 ubibin connective enzyme fbxo3 causes their protein degradation by catalyzing the Ubibinization of Irf3 and Irf7's K27-connected, thus negatively regulating the fish antiviral response.
, the researchers also demonstrated in vivo that the important transcription factor p65 in the signaling path is an important factor necessary for an antiviral response in fish.
Under stable breeding conditions such as relatively stable environment and adequate food, zebrafish with these factors missing (prmt7, prmt3, phd3, fbxo3 and p65) grow, develop and reproduce normally compared to wild zebrafish.
refore, the negative regulatory factor of the natural immune response of fish selected and identified in this study can be used as a candidate target for further using gene editing techniques to cultivate new species of antiviral economic fish.
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